scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HOSPITALITY SECTOR: DEFINITION OF THE CONCEPT OF HOSPITALITY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Naherniuk ◽  
Liubov Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Hospitality Sector ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Definition Of

Hospitality as a fundamental characteristic of human existence at different stages of cultural-and-historical development of mankind acquired specific ethnocultural features and various historical forms. Hospitality had a long way in evolution and underwent significant qualitative changes, transforming into one of the most important components of a social-and-cultural service in a modern society. The purpose of this research is the development and substantiation of theoretical and methodological provisions to describe the concept of “hospitality”. The evolution of the main approaches was analyzed and the definition of the concept of “hospitality”, “hospitality industry” was specified. The main stages, factors and current tendencies in the development of hospitality industry were analyzed and specified. It was established that the hospitality sector had a long evolutionary development, a complex organization; together with tourism industry formed a single system of tourist services, played an important role in the economy. In the course of the research it was determined that the main factors of formation and development of the hospitality area were: social, economic, cultural, scientific-and-technical progress, political, natural-and-resource and historical factors. A retrospective of the formation of the genesis of hospitality and the development of its interpretation with the development of social production was considered. Hospitality is a complex economic, social, cultural, psychological phenomenon, a universal category of everyday-and-domestic culture, reflected in national traditions, tolerance and care for the guest. Researchers, studying this category, divided it into two components – hospitality and the hospitality industry. Hospitality was mainly considered from the standpoint of cultural, moral-and-ethical norms, and the hospitality industry – from the standpoint of entrepreneurial activity. The hospitality industry is a complex social-and-economic system for the creation, promotion and implementation of services for accommodation, meal service, household services, leisure, as well as the sale of goods in the hotel and restaurant industry. Hospitality is proposed to be considered as a set of services provided to the guest in order to meet his needs and get a positive impression of being in various spheres of society living environment. The current tendencies in the development of the hospitality sector requiring the creation of a mechanism that would allow intensifying the development of the domestic sector of hospitality were outlined. In view of this, it is necessary to determine the main directions of state policy in the hospitality sector. That is, it is essential to develop organizational, economic, and technological measures to increase the competitiveness of the hospitality sector.

scholarly journals СУЧАСНІ ВИКЛИКИ СФЕРИ ГОСТИННОСТІ УКРАЇНИ

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
Олена Олександрівна Зеленко
Keyword(s):  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
Hospitality Sector

The tourism industry and the hotel and restaurant sector have suffered the most among all sectors of the economy. Thus, it is important to determine the current circumstances and effective tools for its development in order to return to the pre-crisis state and further sustainable operation. The purpose of the study. Systematization of analytical information on the current state of the hospitality industry, determination of strategic priorities and a set of measures to restore sustainable activities and strengthen the competitiveness of the domestic hospitality industry in the national and international market. Research methods. In the process of scientific work were used general and special methods of scientific abstraction, induction and deduction, statistical analysis, analogy and quantitative and qualitative comparison. Research hypothesis. It is assumed that the development of hospitality as a component of the tourism industry should be based on a set of theoretical principles, historical background and current circumstances of business development in this area at the national and international levels. Presentation of the main material. Most of the problems of the national hospitality sector are outdated; modern conditions of activity of hospitality enterprises are formed under the influence of factors (pandemic, global informatization, change of competitive determinants and deepening of specialization); the strategic priorities for the development of the hospitality sector include the concentration of efforts to: protect their own interests by joining the relevant professional associations, informatization of all areas of work, active cooperation with institutions of higher education and greening of facilities and services offered to customers. Originality and practical significance of the study: the results presented in the study are relevant for consideration and practical implementation for any enterprise in the hospitality industry of Ukraine. Conclusions and prospects for further research. Сompliance with the recommendations will allow hospitality companies to stay in the regional and domestic tourism market, strengthen their competitiveness and offer services of good quality not only domestic but also foreign tourists.

scholarly journals ENTREPRENEURIAL CULTURE: TO THE PROBLEM OF DEFINITION OF THE CONCEPT IN THE CONTEXT OF URBANIZATION PROCESSES OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Vodotyka T.
Keyword(s):  
Max Weber ◽  
Business History ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Entrepreneurial Culture ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Werner Sombart ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Internal Integration ◽  
Definition Of

The author reveals the essence of the concept of "entrepreneurship" and "culture of entrepreneurship" – in general, and in the context of modernization transformations of the second half of the XIX – early XX century. The article emphasizes that the concepts of "entrepreneurship" and "entrepreneurship culture" are contextual while retaining standard features. Views on the essence of entrepreneurship by Josef Schumpeter, Alfred Chandler (founder of business history), Franco Amateur, etc., are analyzed. The author refers to the works of Max Weber, Werner Sombart, Rolf Ruttinger in the analysis of the concept of "entrepreneurial culture". In the context of the study, the author defines the culture of entrepreneurship as synonymous with a new system of norms and symbols, forms, methods of entrepreneurial activity, even a new goal (the new author understands as modern, industrial, as opposed to traditional). Entrepreneurship culture is object-subjective and cannot be reduced to socio-psychological, value or motivational components. It includes a set of rules and tools for solving external adaptation and internal integration of resources. The conclusions noted the key features of entrepreneurial culture – eclecticism, instability, low level of innovation, confrontational style of relations with workers, short-sightedness and prevalence of motives for self-affirmation, in relations with the authorities – dependence. Even though the culture of entrepreneurship depends on specific historical factors, it is still an umbrella term.Key words: business history, history of entrepreneurship, the culture of entrepreneurship, modernization. Авторка розкриває сутність поняття «підприємництво» та «культура підприємництва» – загалом та в контексті модернізаційних перетворень другої половини ХІХ – початку ХХ століття. Акцент у статті зроблений на тому, що поняття «підприємництво» та «культура підприємництва» є контекстуальними, втім, зберігаючи загальні спільні риси. Аналізуються погляди на сутність підприємництва Йозефа Шумпетера, Альфреда Чандлера (засновника напряму бізнес-історії), Франко Аматорі тощо. Авторка звертається до доробку Макса Вебера, Вернера Зомбарта, Рольфа Рюттінгера при аналізі поняття «культура підприємництва». В контексті дослідження культуру підприємництва авторка визначає як синонім нової системи норм і символів, форм, методів підприємницької діяльності, навіть нового цілепокладання (нове розуміється в якості модерне, індустріальне, на противагу традиційному). Культура підприємництва носить об’єктно-суб’єктний характер і не може бути зведена лише до соціально-психологічних, ціннісних чи мотиваційних компонентів. Вона включає набір правил та засобів вирішення про-блем зовнішньої адаптації й внутрішньої інтеграції ресурсів. У висновках відмічені ключові риси культури підприємництва – еклектичність, нестабільність, низький рівень інноваційності, конфронтаційний стиль взаємин із робітниками, недалекоглядність та поширеність мотивів самоствердження, у відносинах із владою – залежність. Попри те, що культура підприємництва залежить від конкретно-історичних факторів, це все ж парасольковий термін. Ключові слова: бізнес-історія, історія підприємництва, культура підприємництва, модернізація.

Problems of identification of the concept of technology transfer: economic and legal aspect

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Davydiuk
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Organizational Conditions ◽  
Group Type ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Definition Of

Problem setting. The critical degree of technical lag of the production sector of the national economy of Ukraine, from the countries with developed economies is obvious today. The level of such a lag no longer indicates the loss of positions in the conditional rating of “leadership”, but threatens the possibility of the existence of the productive potential of the state and the economy. Such a large number of negative processes requires all state, social and economic institutions to combine their potential and efforts to create the most favorable organizational conditions for the active development of relations related to the creation, transfer of rights and implementation of technology. Analysis of recent researches and publications in the work were investigated the works of scientists such as Yu. E. Atamanova, O. D. Svyatotsky, P.P. Krainev, S. F. Revutsky, S. Yu. Pogulyaev, N. V. Smirnova, K. Yu. Ivanova, O. V. Smooth, A. I. Denisov etc. Article’s main body. From the above “legal” definition of technology transfer, it can be seen that its essence is reduced to a certain group (type) of contracts that mediate the transfer of property rights to technology or its components from one entity to another. This approach is “narrow” and does not meet the needs of economic entities that operate in their activities a much larger range of legal mechanisms for the transfer of rights to objects used in their economic activities. In addition, this position of the legislator does not reflect the essence of the concept of transfer, which was formed as a result of the evolutionary development of society and economic processes. Conclusions and prospects for development. (1) The definition of technology transfer proposed by the legislator is too narrow, does not cover the whole system of normative mechanisms that mediate the transfer of rights to objects of civil and economic turnover and does not meet the needs of economic entities and fundamental theoretical scientific developments in this field. (2) The necessity of changing the concept of technology transfer is substantiated. (3) The author’s definition of technology transfer as committed by the authorized – business entity, or other party to the relationship related to the creation, transfer of rights and implementation of technology, organizational and economic actions, or the conclusion of the relevant economic or civil contract, and / or committing another transaction and / or organizational and managerial actions of public law nature, which will be aimed at the transfer of rights to technology, or information about technology, and / or material implementation (reproduction) of technology from one subject (participant) relations to another, for the purpose of their further transfer to other subjects or use for the purpose of the organization of implementation of production activity (commercialization); (4) It is substantiated that the use of the proposed definition of the normative category of technology transfer will allow to achieve positive results.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF THE CONCEPT OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Tyshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Customer Orientation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality Industry ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Definition Of

The article considers the hospitality industry as an element of economics, presents the conceptual characteristics of the tourism and hospitality industry, which are the subject of various scientific discussions and approaches, as different authors interpret the essence of the hospitality industry from different points of view. The composition of enterprises (of specialized and infrastructural significance) that are part of this industry has been clarified, and the hotel and restaurant business has been singled out as its basis. Approaches to determining the relationship between the hospitality industry and tourism are considered. The author elaborates some theoretical approaches to defining the concept of hospitality industry: the first theoretical approach should include the phenomenon of civilization, because in the last century the growth rate of tourist flows and the scale of the hotel sector exceed all rates of development of the hospitality industry in previous stages. From the standpoint of the second approach, the conceptual framework of the definition of “hospitality industry” assumes that the sector covers the service sector, but at the same time have its own specifics and patterns. Based on the third approach, the hospitality industry belongs to the service sector. Representatives of the fourth approach believe that the hospitality industry is part of tourism, but other authors, on the contrary, believe that the hospitality industry is broader than tourism. The fifth approach emphasizes the cross-sectoral nature, so the boundaries of the hospitality industry integrated with other industries are not always clearly defined. Accordingly, the sixth hospitality industry is defined as an independent sector of the economy (or a separate economic system). In the seventh approach, researchers have proven that the hospitality industry is an economic relationship and entrepreneurial activity. The author’s approach to the definition of “hospitality industry” is proposed. As a result of a comprehensive study, a number of its features were identified, including: customer orientation and functioning of the business sector of specialized and infrastructural importance based on the principle of hospitality, which is their common denominator.

scholarly journals APPROACH TO THE COMMERCIALIZATION OF UNIVERSITY’S RESEARCH ON THE BASES OF SPIN-OFF COMPANIES’ CREATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
K. Kaschuck ◽  
I. Klimova
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Organizational Forms ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Definition Of

The article covers the theoretical approaches to the definition of the “academic spin-offs” concept, substantiates the need for the development of organizational forms of small innovative entrepreneurship in a university environment. The analysis of the prerequisites, factors and mechanisms for the creation and development of spin-off organizations. A set of measures was developed aimed at increasing the entrepreneurial activity of universities and stimulating the processes of commercialization of research results.

scholarly journals National business cultures: methodology and scientific and practical research objectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Ie. Chebotarov
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Modern World ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
National Business

Problems of implementation of Ukraine's European integration course and a number of other issues of the modern world economy (disintegration processes and tendencies, which are clearly confirmed by the example of Brexit and inability of international organizations to act effectively in emergencies, shown by COVID-19 pandemic spread and scale ) actualize the importance of developing the interdisciplinary problem of national business cultures. On the basis of generalized contribution of the founders of national business cultures theory (G. Hofstede, C. Hampden-Turner and F. Trompenaars and R. Lewis) and own scientific and practical developments of this problem the author's definition of basic investigation category «national business cultures» is given. The content of the methodology for its investigation, epistemological limitations (requirements of theoretical knowledge) and the relationship of the methodology with the subject of investigation are determined. Blocks (enlarged groups) of methods of national business cultures investigation are separated, specific methods within each block are identified and scientific and practical goals of the investigation according to each method are defined. The following blocks of methods of national business cultures cognition are distinguished: general scientific, social-humanitarian, economic-mathematical, applied and special. The attempt to determine the factors of trends in the evolutionary transformation of national business cultures within the medium and long term perspective are substantiated (such factors do not affect the internal features and properties of the stable quality of national business cultures): the role of Catholicism as the most favorable to entrepreneurship religion in the modern world; the COVID-19 pandemic; displacement of oil and gas as the main sources of energy; modification of entrepreneurial activity influenced by information technologies; the dialectical nature of the universalization and deepening of «self-identification» of national business cultures. The primary prospects for further elaboration of the investigated problem are the practical use of identified methods in order to reveal the content of national business cultures as a phenomenon of theory and practice of entrepreneurship and life of modern society.

Consumer Shopping Orientation and Intention to Book a Hotel: the Moderating Role of Sustainable Initiatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-81
Author(s):  
Christina Appiah-Nimo ◽  
Gloria K.Q. Agyapong ◽  
Daniel Ofori
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Shopping Orientation ◽  
Sustainable Value ◽  
Hospitality Sector ◽  
Cognitive Decision ◽  
Business Approach

UN sustainable development goals has triggered production and consumption patterns aimed at achieving a better and more sustainable future for all by 2030. Sustainable value chain has become a business approach to mitigate the tragedy of the commons. Initiatives that promote socially and environmentally responsible behavior whiles pursuing business value is being leveraged across all economic sectors. COVID-19 has exposed how today's business is threatened more than ever by unsustainable production and consumer behavior patterns. The hospitality sector has not been left out of this challenge as the tourism industry was the worst hit by this pandemic. All over the world, the growth of the tourism industry is propelled by the movement of people and the subsequent need created for the hospitality sector. The global health crises, coupled with consumers' growing interest for sustainable environment has fueled the desire for more eco-friendly products by the sector. Moreover, every consumer goes through a cognitive decision-making process to finally make a choice for a product - and there is a high probability of the decision to inform the sustainable consumption pattern of the consumer and also the magnitude of the effect the decision will have on the environment. This implies that every consumer purchase has implications regarding not only economics (Stone, 1954) but ethics and sustainability. Keywords: consumer booking intention, shopping orientation, sustainable initiatives

The New Islamic State

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Khosrokhavar
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Imagined Community ◽  
The West ◽  
Patriarchal Family ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation

The creation of the Islamic State in Iraq and Sham (ISIS) changed the nature of jihadism worldwide. For a few years (2014–2017) it exemplified the destructive capacity of jihadism and created a new utopia aimed at restoring the past greatness and glory of the former caliphate. It also attracted tens of thousands of young wannabe combatants of faith (mujahids, those who make jihad) toward Syria and Iraq from more than 100 countries. Its utopia was dual: not only re-creating the caliphate that would spread Islam all over the world but also creating a cohesive, imagined community (the neo-umma) that would restore patriarchal family and put an end to the crisis of modern society through an inflexible interpretation of shari‘a (Islamic laws and commandments). To achieve these goals, ISIS diversified its approach. It focused, in the West, on the rancor of the Muslim migrants’ sons and daughters, on exoticism, and on an imaginary dream world and, in the Middle East, on tribes and the Sunni/Shi‘a divide, particularly in the Iraqi and Syrian societies.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development Goals Localisation in the Hospitality Sector in Botswana and Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8457
Author(s):  
Kaitano Dube
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Hospitality Sector

Many countries have fronted tourism as a tool for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in their voluntary national reviews. Nevertheless, very few studies have examined how the tourism industry has been localising SDGs. Therefore, this study is borne out of that knowledge gap. A qualitative approach comprising the use of primary and secondary data from integrated annual reports was adopted. The study found some progress made by hotel companies in localising SDGs. It emerged that Cresta Hotels and the African Sun group of hotels are only at the inception stage of SDG localisation, focusing on several SDGs that respond to the socio-economic and environmental demands of the environments they work in. Given that most of the work under the SDGs only began inception between 2018 and 2019, there is still a long way to go before meaningful progress can be reported regarding SDG localization, with preliminary evidence showing that the hotel industry is likely to have made significant inroads when the SDGs lapse in 2030 if their efforts are not disturbed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study recommends continuous monitoring and support for the sector as the SDG framework offers a better and more focused sector to achieve sustainable and responsible tourism in Zimbabwe and Botswana.

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