scholarly journals ANALYTICAL ESTIMATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE BLACK SEA REGION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Ivanenko ◽  
Myron Zhuravel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Analytical Estimation

The article analyzes the level of socio-economic development of the Black Sea region, which is determined by the structure of the economy, which has a direct impact on the dominance of a particular type of economic activity. A statistical analysis of the structure of the economy of the Black Sea region on the basis of grouped data by type of economic activity for the period 2013-2019 by indicators: the number of enterprises; number of employees at enterprises; pre-tax financial results; volume of sold products (goods, services) of enterprises. The rating assessment of types of economic activity of the regions of the Black Sea region according to the structure of the Classifier of Types of Economic Activity in 2019 is constructed. The priority types of economic activity of the regions of the region are revealed. Particular attention is paid to cost indicators that characterize the volume of production and income of enterprises in the region, the definition of factors that affect the development of each activity in the region. This is necessary because the description of the structure of the region's economy for each of these indicators will be different, and this necessitates a comparison of the structure of the economy of regions located in the same natural and climatic conditions, similar in historical development with the same administrative-territorial division. The results of the structural analysis showed that the dominant classifiers of economic activity in the Black Sea region are agriculture, forestry and fisheries; wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; industry; transport, warehousing, postal and courier activities. At the same time, a significant share of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in Mykolayiv and Kherson oblasts significantly exceeds the rest in terms of the number of enterprises in the industry and employees. Kherson region is also significantly distinguished by the financial results of enterprises in the region, which receive income from agriculture at the level of 67.7%. In the Odessa region, the transport industry prevails, namely logistics and warehousing. Thus, it can be argued that the Black Sea region has significant development potential in priority areas.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND ATTRACTION OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE BLACK SEA REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3(72)) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
I.A. PLIUSHCHYK ◽  
R.P. OHORODNYK
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Business Opportunities

Topicality. The importance of using new opportunities for economic development, sustainability and connectivity in the region and beyond is enhanced in terms of the growing strategic importance of the Black Sea region for the EU. Investments are the basis of socio-economic development of the region. Investments related to the deepest foundations of economic activity, they determine the process of economic growth in general. In modern conditions, they are the most important tool of ensuring the conditions for the overcoming the economic crisis, for structural changes in the countries, for the growth of technological progress, for the improvement of quality indicators of economic activity at micro and macro levels. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of economic development and the associated features of attracting foreign investment in the Black Sea region. Research results. The basic social and economic indicators of the Black Sea region - GDP (GDP), the index of human development, the population, the share of comparison is used to determine the structure and dynamics of incoming and outgoing flows volumes of direct foreign investments regional GDP in the world, are determined, the strategic importance is emphasized on the geopolitical map of the world of the Black Sea region, according the current political and economic challenges in Asian-European relations, dynamics and structure of incoming and outgoing investments of the countries of the region over the last nine years are defined. On this basis was concluded about the significant drop in investment activity in the region since 2014. A list of the main reasons for the decline in investment activity in the region is formed and relationship with the general indicators of economic development of the region is defined. The connection of problems of economic development and attraction of foreign investments to the countries of the Black Sea region is substantiated, which, unlike the existing approach, covers the participants of the whole region, and not a separate country. Approaches to the joint solution of investment problems of the countries of the Black Sea region are developed, which, unlike the existing ones, provide a synergistic effect and greater attractiveness for investors. Research results can be used by enterprises in attracting investment in cross-border projects, also can be used by intergovernmental groups to formulate strategies for joint provision of investment attractiveness of regional programs, can be used by participants in joint enterprises of the Black Sea region. Conclusion. The countries of the Black Sea region are heterogeneous in their economic indicators, thet are belonging to various economic and geopolitical associations. There are explicit leaders among the countries - Russia and Turkey, which have different geopolitical interests in the region and are not able to become a unifying factor in the region. For several years, the Black Sea region is not in the sight of international investors, and all Black Sea countries must work together to become investment attractive again. China's investment interests are identified in a region that does not hold back political commitments to any of the countries in the region. Business opportunities are the most powerful determinants of FDI.. But the particularities of the investment climate, such as strong institutions and regulatory instruments, are also important for developing countries and countries with economies in transition which looking for attraction of additional FDI. With a poor regional investment climate, foreign investors and their host economies may not be able to take full advantage of business opportunities created by market size and growth potential.

scholarly journals DEMAND FOR WORKERS IN WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE: DEVELOPMENT AND STAFF TURNOVER

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olha Serikova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Staff Turnover ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Career Opportunities ◽  
State Employment ◽  
The Stability

The article analyzes the demand trends for workers in the field of wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles. Analysis of the data of the State Employment Service proves the constant demand for trade and repair workers. The share of vacancies in this area of economic activity in January-February 2021 was 14.0%, which corresponds to the second position after demand in the processing industry (18.8%). Staff turnover in the field of wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles exceeds the norm and reaches 51.7% and this trend has been observed in recent years. However, as our research shows, this is caused not so much by economic development as by staff turnover in this area of economic activity and professional group. The conditionality of the increased demand for workers within this sphere of economic activity is investigated. In the process of research it was found that the formation of demand is significantly influenced by staff turnover. To reduce staff turnover, attention should be paid to the level of wages and working conditions, social package, career opportunities, opportunities to receive a bonus for years of service, measures to form and maintain the social culture of the organization, and so on. The negative consequences of increased turnover in trade and services are low levels of productivity and labor organization, reduced responsibility in the performance of work and deteriorating quality of service delivery. Therefore, in order for the sphere of trade and services to promote economic development, it is necessary to think about the organization of labor in accordance with the principles of decent work. Strategic development of wholesale and retail trade; repair of vehicles and motorcycles requires the introduction of measures to retain staff in organizations through a management system, staff motivation, which is based on the principles of social responsibility, which will increase the use of labor potential, taking into account the interests of both employer and employee to increase competitiveness and the formation of a rational demand for workers in this area, which will help ensure the stability of the labor market.

scholarly journals On the impact of local natural and climatic conditions of the North-West Caucasus on the vital activities of the population in the context of the observations of I.N. Klingen

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Людмила Васильевна Бурыкина ◽  
Лариса Дмитриевна Федосеева
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

В статье предпринят анализ сведений о климате Северо-Западного Кавказа на базе монографии И.Н. Клингена, основанной на материалах комиссии И.С. Хатисова - А.Д. Ротиньянца и других исследователей Причерноморья и содержавшей компетентную и ценную информацию по истории сельского хозяйства шапсугов и убыхов. Несмотря на благоприятные природно-климатические условия, данная территория очень специфична, но это была естественная среда обитания адыгских племен, разработавших самобытные приемы агротехники и особые орудия труда, позволившие им возделывать землю, как на склонах гор, так и в низинах, и собирать значительные урожаи. Адыгскими племенами были выработаны собственные формы адаптации к среде обитания, представлены оригинальные способы жизнедеятельности в сложных климатических условиях, позволившие поддерживать региональную модель стабильного социально-экономического развития со своей этнокультурной спецификой. Проблема воздействия локальных природно-климатических условий на антропогенную деятельность и его отражение на процесс формирования традиции природопользования, земледельческий опыт адыгских племен, изложенный в отчете И.С. Хатисова и монографии И.Н. Клингена, не утратили актуальности и в современных условиях, поскольку сходы селевых потоков, водная эрозия с разрушительными последствиями стали настоящим бичом для хозяйств, курортов и простых граждан. Культура земледелия причерноморских адыгов была и остается самой разумной для этой территории и имеет не только научно-познавательное, но и практическое значение. The paper undertakes an attempt to analyze information about the climate of the North-West Caucasus basing on a monograph by I.N. Klingen. This monograph was based on the materials of the Commission of I.S. Khatisov-A.D. Rotinyants and other researchers of the Black Sea region. It contains competent and valuable information on the history of agriculture of the Shapsugs and Ubykhs. Despite favorable natural and climatic conditions, this territory is very specific. In this natural habitat, the Adyghe tribes developed original techniques of agricultural machinery and special tools that allowed them to cultivate land both on the slopes of the mountains and in the lowlands, and take significant crops. The Adyghe tribes developed their own forms of adaptation to the habitat, presented original ways of living in difficult climatic conditions, which made it possible to maintain a regional model of stable socio-economic development with its ethnocultural specificity. The problem of the impact of local natural and climatic conditions on anthropogenic activity and its reflection on the process of forming the tradition of nature management, the agricultural experience of the Adyghe tribes, set out in the report of I.S. Khatisov and the monograph by I.N. Klingen, have not lost their relevance in modern conditions. Rural mudflows, water erosion with destructive consequences have become a real scourge for farms, resorts and simple citizens. The culture of agriculture of the Adyghes living in the Black Sea region was and remains the most reasonable for this territory and has not only scientific and cognitive, but also practical significance.

scholarly journals SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTMENT INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BLACK SEA REGION OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksii Kulakov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Gross Regional Product ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Regional Product

Different countries invest in the Ukrainian economy by investing in regional development programs, various enterprises and so on. Investments develop the Ukrainian economy by improving the economic environment, upgrading infrastructure, improving public authorities, improving the humanitarian situation, supporting small and medium-sized enterprises, introducing resource and energy-saving technologies, strengthening human rights, training workers and more. It is extremely important to intensify foreign investment in the Black Sea (southern) Region. The study shows the importance of fiscal decentralization, which is often a weak or even absent link of decentralization. One of the most common problems of fiscal decentralization is the mismatch between the responsibilities of local governments and the resources available to local governments. Thus, a well-organized system of fiscal decentralization is vital to the success of the decentralization process. It was found that most foreign direct investment in Donetsk and Odessa regions, which indicates the development of investment attractiveness of the Black Sea region of Ukraine. But in the Mykolaiv and Kherson regions there are less direct foreign investments that needs increase of investment attractiveness of the Black Sea Region of Ukraine. It is analyzed that the best indicators of capital investment in Donetsk and Odessa regions, which indicate the attraction of capital investment in the economy of the Black Sea Region of Ukraine. In Mykolaiv and Kherson oblasts there are small volumes of capital investments, which demonstrate insufficient investment efficiency and it is necessary to increase the efficiency of investment projects implementation. It is investigated that the best indicators of gross regional product in Donetsk and Odessa regions, which show the development of the economy of the Black Sea region of Ukraine. In Mykolaiv and Kherson regions, the volumes of gross regional product are smaller, which show insufficient economic development and it is necessary to support small and medium business, attract new foreign investments, raise the image of the Black Sea Region of Ukraine, etc.

scholarly journals Identification of climate changes based on antropogenic transformation of landscapes

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Socio Economic Development

Formulation of the problem. Functioning of natural geosystems is aimed at preserving their structure, but economic activity leads to imbalances, decreases in order, loss of internal organization and the inability to maintain the necessary stabilization. Analysis of previous research. Studies of the last decades have shown that the climatic conditions of Ukraine can be unfavorable for the life and economic activity of the society. Problems of further research. To find the solution to the problem of preserving the ability of the biosphere to self-regulation, self-restoration by optimizing anthropogenic load on natural systems is very important. Identification of climate change factors is aimed at finding the most active sources of environmental impact in order to determine the real threat of global climate change. The purpose of the research is to determine the causes, areas of initial formation, further development of negative meteorological processes and phenomena on the territory of Kharkiv region during the last decades and to study parameters and causes of air masses transformation, changes in their properties and various resistance to anthropogenic impact. Research methods are observation with the help of various devices and technical means. An integrated approach using field-based observations and technology of climatic series analysis with the help of statistical methods for climate information processing, characterized by high accuracy, allow us to determine their spatial-temporal features and future projections to the natural environment. Presentation of the main research material. Optimal strategic socio-economic development of the regions requires identification of specific links between natural and socio-economic entities, as well as studying large-scale and profound by the consequences violations of the ecosystem at the planetary level - the biosphere and its components. There is a general tendency towards directed climate change, the so-called "global warming", which threatens natural landscapes, upsetting and destroying them. Practical value. There are causal relationships between climatogenic changes, influence of human activity and the reaction of landscapes to them. This is manifested in creation of a variety of transformed landscapes (agrarian, residential, industrial). The consequence of anthropogenic transformations is the change in the parameters and characteristics of the components of nature. Research results. Indicators are the basis for information blocks concerning decision-making in the areas of socio-economic development. Climate parameters of a certain territory may differ from zonal ones and in combination with anthropogenic transformation affect the general condition of the landscapes, lead to the intensification of adverse hydrometeorological and exogenous geodynamic processes and phenomena (erosion, deluvial processes, landslides, suffusion, deflation, flooding.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL MECHANISM OF THE SOCIO-ORIENTED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE BLACK SEA REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
Marianna Stehnei ◽  
Inna Irtysheva ◽  
Olena Gurina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
The Social ◽  
Financial Mechanism

The aim of the article is to study the current state of financial provision of the social sphere of the Black Sea region and to develop practical recommendations for its optimization in conditions of decentralization processes. Methodology. We have made a generalization of the theoretical provisions of the financial mechanism of the social sphere of the region. We propose to investigate the financial mechanism of the social sphere of the Black Sea region by means of analysis of indicators of income and expenditure parts of the budget of regions of the Black Sea region. At the present stage of the gradual transformation of the socio-economic development of the regions and in the context of the implementation of the budget decentralization reform, a number of acute problems from the financial support of social development, the guarantee of social standards for the population, and the improvement of the quality of social services arose. The solution of these problems needs a substantial research in the direction of developing the best models for financing social development of the regions, which will promote the achievement of decent social standards and stimulate economic growth. The financial mechanism for providing social development of the Black Sea region is analysed, the current state of the regional budget in terms and trends in financing social expenditures of the region is identified. It is determined that despite the increase in tax revenues, local authorities still do not have sufficient financial resources to perform their functions and tasks. It adversely affects the development of social infrastructure, provision of social services, and does not contribute to the effective human development, which serves not only as the main goal but also as a key determinant of the economic development of the region. It is substantiated that in order to improve the situation in the social sphere of the region, it is necessary to improve the financial mechanism of social security. On the basis of the investigated scientific approaches, the concept of “mechanism of the financial provision of socially-oriented regional development” is clarified, directions of budget and extrabudgetary financing of social expenditures are substantiated, and proposals on the improvement of financial management of social sphere in the conditions of decentralization are developed. Results. To improve the system of financial provision of social development of the region, it was proposed to establish clear and transparent financial relations in the areas of income generation and distribution of regional budget expenditures at all levels, to create conditions for additional attraction of financial resources from extrabudgetary sources aimed at the implementation of regional social programs, and to form an effective system control over the functioning of the financial mechanism, primarily on the part of the territorial communities. Value/originality. The concept of the mechanism of the financial provision of socially-oriented regional development is generalized. An estimation of the social sphere of the Black Sea region is carried out on the basis of the analysis of indicators of income and expenditure parts of budgets of regions of the Black Sea region, the use of which allows determining the perspective directions of the social sphere of the Black Sea region.

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