scholarly journals Use of visible implant elastomer and its effect on the survival of an endangered minute salamander

2020 ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
M. T. Oropeza–Sánchez ◽  
A. Sandoval–Comte ◽  
P. García–Bañuelos ◽  
P. Hernández–López ◽  
E. Pineda
Keyword(s):  
Population Study ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Implant Migration ◽  
And Control ◽  
Significant Mortality

The population study of threatened species requires marking techniques that do not affect the survival of individuals. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of visible implant elastomer (VIE) in the identification and survival of individuals of the salamander Parvimolge townsendi. We compared three salamander groups under different treatments: intervened, simulated intervention and control. No significant mortality differences were observed between groups (with two, none, and one individual, respectively), but implant migration was observe in four of 10 intervened individuals. Although VIE does not have a significant effect on survival, implant migration should be considered before use in population studies.

Monitoring and Control System Approach for Native Threatened Species

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Alarcon O. ◽  
Homero J. Velastegui ◽  
Marcelo V. Garcia ◽  
Veronica Gallo C. ◽  
Pamela Espejo V. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Monitoring And Control System ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Population geography I

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Population Geography ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Global North ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Geographic Perspective

This first report explores how understandings of human trafficking have progressed within population geography. Exemplified by studies of exploitative labour migration, population geography has made implicit contributions by stressing the value of a geographic perspective on the webs of interconnections and links between different places and trafficking. In addition, dominant ideas of linear trafficking processes have been disrupted, via evidencing the informal involvement of families in the phases of recruitment, transportation, and control. I argue that a more encompassing, interdisciplinary tenet could be woven into population studies of trafficking, by more explicitly engaging with social science debates. Embedding the legal, global definition of trafficking into wider studies of migration is paramount for this direction of travel. There is also merit in population geography advancing understandings by adopting holistic lenses of enquiry, connecting-up with (sub-)disciplinary geographic studies of migration and trafficking in the Global South and Global North. Studies of trafficking provide a potentially fruitful terrain for population geography to deliver multidisciplinary, impactful research of a key global challenge, to inform policies to prevent and mitigate the ills of trafficking, and progress conceptual and theoretical understandings of trafficking.

Variation in the Prevalence, Awareness, and Control of Diabetes in a Multiethnic Population: A Nationwide Population Study in Malaysia

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Rampal ◽  
Lekhraj Rampal ◽  
Ramlee Rahmat ◽  
Azhar Md Zain ◽  
Yee Guan Yap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Study ◽  
Control Of Diabetes ◽  
Multiethnic Population ◽  
And Control

Population ethical intuitions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucius Caviola ◽  
David Althaus ◽  
Andreas Mogensen ◽  
Geoffrey Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Population Study ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Happy People ◽  
Total Level ◽  
Happy Person ◽  
Average Happiness

We investigated lay people’s population ethical intuitions (N = 4,374), i.e., their moral evaluations of populations that differ in size and composition. First, we found that people place greater relative weight on, and are more sensitive to, suffering compared to happiness. Participants, on average, believed that more happy people are needed to outweigh a given amount of unhappy people in a population (Studies 1a-c). Second, we found that—in contrast to so-called person-affecting views—people do not consider the creation of new people as morally neutral. Participants considered it good to create a new happy person and bad to create a new unhappy person (Study 2). Third, we found that people take into account both the average level (averagism) and the total level (totalism) of happiness when evaluating populations. Participants preferred populations with greater total happiness levels when the average level remained constant (Study 3) and populations with greater average happiness levels when the total level remained constant (Study 4). When the two principles were in conflict, participants’ preferences lay in between the recommendations of the two principles, suggesting that both are applied simultaneously (Study 5). In certain cases, participants even showed averagist preferences when averagism disfavors adding more happy people and favors adding more unhappy people to a population (Study 6). However, when participants were prompted to reflect as opposed to rely on their intuitions, their preferences became more totalist (Studies 5-6). Our findings have implications for moral psychology, philosophy and policy making.

The effects of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension on future stroke incidence in a community-based population study in Finland

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1459-1465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noël C Barengo ◽  
Gang Hu ◽  
Mika Kastarinen ◽  
Riitta Antikainen ◽  
Jaakko Tuomilehto
Keyword(s):  
Population Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Update of Clostridium difficile-associated disease due to PCR ribotype 027 in Europe

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
E J Kuijper ◽  
B Coignard ◽  
J S Brazier ◽  
C Suetens ◽  
D Drudy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Surveillance Studies ◽  
Ribotype 027 ◽  
High Relapse Rate ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
And Control ◽  
Pcr Ribotype 027 ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhoea ◽  
Significant Mortality

Recent outbreaks of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD) with increased severity, high relapse rate and significant mortality have been related to the emergence of a new, hypervirulent C. difficile strain in North America, Japan and Europe. Definitions have been proposed by the European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) to identify severe cases of CDAD and to differentiate community-acquired cases from nosocomial CDAD (http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/documents/pdf/Cl_dif_v2.pdf). CDAD is mainly known as a healthcare-associated disease, but it is also increasingly recognised as a community-associated disease. The emerging strain is referred to as North American pulsed-field type 1 (NAP1) and PCR ribotype 027. Since 2005, individual countries have developed surveillance studies to monitor the spread of this strain. C. difficile type 027 has caused outbreaks in England and Wales, Ireland, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and France, and has also been detected in Austria, Scotland, Switzerland, Poland and Denmark. Preliminary data indicated that type 027 was already present in historical isolates collected in Sweden between 1997 and 2001.

scholarly journals KE and EE Genotypes of ICAM-1 Gene K469E Polymorphism Is Associated with Severe Preeclampsia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Tabatabai ◽  
Saeedeh Salimi ◽  
Milad Mohammadoo-khorasani ◽  
Minoo Yaghmaei ◽  
Mojgan Mokhtari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Significant Mortality

Background.Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the most important complications of pregnancy that is associated with significant mortality and morbidity in mother and fetus. Since the etiologic factors in its development are still unclear, we aimed to examine the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) gene K469E polymorphism in preeclamptic and control healthy women.Materials and Methods.Genetic polymorphism was analyzed in 192 PE and 186 healthy control women. PCR-RFLP method was used to identify K469E polymorphism.Results.The frequency of KK, KE, and EE genotypes of ICAM-1 gene was not different between PE patients and healthy pregnant women. Whereas, the frequency of KE and EE genotypes was significantly higher in severe PE than mild PE women and control group, and the risk of severe PE was 2.4-fold higher in subjects with KE genotype (OR, 2.4 [95% CI, 1 to 5.9];P=0.03) and 3.3-fold higher in subjects with EE genotype (OR, 3.3 [95% CI, 1.2 to 9];P=0.015) compared to individuals with KK genotype.Conclusion.We concluded that KE and EE genotypes of K469E polymorphism could increase risk of severe PE.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Erymicin 200 Injections for Reducing Renibacterium salmoninarum and Controlling Vertical Transmission in an Inland Rainbow Trout Brood Stock

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Eric R. Fetherman ◽  
Brad Neuschwanger ◽  
Tracy Davis ◽  
Colby L. Wells ◽  
April Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Brood Stock ◽  
Renibacterium Salmoninarum ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Bacterial Kidney Disease ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
And Control ◽  
Brood Fish ◽  
Significant Mortality

Bacterial Kidney Disease, caused by Renibacterium salmoninarum (Rs), is widespread and can cause significant mortality at most life stages in infected salmonids. Rs is commonly found in inland trout, which can be carriers of the bacterium. Lethal spawns can be used to control vertical transmission to progeny through the culling of eggs from infected parents, but can be costly, time-consuming, and can negatively impact important and rare brood stocks. Erymicin 200 is an Investigational New Animal Drug (INAD) intended to reduce Rs levels in hatchery brood stocks and control vertical transmission to progeny. We tested the efficacy of Erymicin 200 injections in a positive, hatchery-resident rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) brood stock in Colorado, USA. Brood fish age two and three were injected with 25 mg per kg of body weight Erymicin 200 three times prior to spawning. Erymicin 200 was effective in reducing Rs to below detectable levels in treated fish. However, both negative treated and control brood fish produced positive progeny, suggesting that Erymicin 200 did not prevent the vertical transmission of Rs.

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