Consumatori e certificazione dei prodotti da agricoltura biologica. Un'analisi empirica

2012 ◽  
pp. 195-215
Author(s):  
Simona Naspetti ◽  
Raffaele Zanoli
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Organic Certification ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Certification And Accreditation ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
Indication Of Origin

According to the new organic (Regulation (ec) No 834/2007, a mandatory eu logo for organic food was introduced as well as new guidelines to label organic products. In the new labelling the indication of origin of the raw materials is compulsory: ‘eu Agriculture', ‘non-eu Agriculture' or ‘eu/non-eu Agriculture'. When all agricultural raw materials came from the same country, the terms ‘eu' and ‘non-eu' can be replaced or supplemented by the name of that country. The name of the Organic certifier can be also signalled to final consumers by the product labelling. In some eu countries (Denmark and Germany) the product label based on a third-party certification, private or public, make them trust the underlying certification scheme. Although consumers often lack knowledge on organic certification and organic farming practices in general, several studies highlight that scepticism and uncertainty towards organic logos and certification prevent consumers from buying more organic food. The present study analyses how consumers perceive some of the most important aspect of the new labelling regulation (the origin of raw materials and the organic certifier for organic food). Few studies exist on consumer views on organic labelling for organic food and willingness to pay for trust in the organic food quality (Burrell et al., 2006). The recommendations drawn from our findings can help stakeholders in the Italian organic sector. 415 consumers in three Italian locations (Ancona, Milano, Bari) participated to a survey in March 2010. The results show that the organic consumers prefer organic products from Europe and trust products certified by Italian (more than from foreign countries) and public certification bodies (more than private). These findings suggest the need for transparency of the complexity of the organic certification and accreditation system, unknown to most of the consumers. There is a need to make them clear what the new label characteristics stand for and remove consumer concerns of the standards and the trustworthiness of the inspection system.

Information asymmetry, third party certification and the integration of organic food value chain in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Zhao ◽  
Ksenia Gerasimova ◽  
Yala Peng ◽  
Jiping Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Product Information ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organic Certification ◽  
Food Value

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss characteristics of organic food value chain governance and policy tools that can increase the supply of good quality of agri-products. Design/methodology/approach This paper discusses a national organic food supply system in China, identifying the link between an organization form with a social confidence crisis and information asymmetry as the main challenges. It develops an analytical model of the market structure of organic certification based on the contract theory, which considers the certification incentive driven by both farmers and processors. Two cases of raw milk producers and processors provide empirical data. Findings The argument which is brought forward is that product information asymmetry together with strict requirement for ensuring organic food integrity brings the organic milk value chain into a highly integrated organization pattern. A tight value chain is effective in the governance of organic food supply chain under third party certification (TPC), while a loose value chain discourages producing organic products because of transaction costs. TPC is found to be a positively correlation with a tight value chain, but it brings high organizational cost and it raises cost for consumers. Originality/value This is the first paper discussing the governance of organic food value chain in Chinese milk industry.

scholarly journals Economics of the Organic Food Industry in Florida

EDIS ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thu-Vi Nguyen ◽  
Allen Wysocki ◽  
Danielle Treadwell
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Resource Economics ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Organic Certification ◽  
Major Market ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Organic Food Industry

FE732, an 8-page illustrated fact sheet by Thu-Vi Nguyen, Allen Wysocki, and Danielle Treadwell, delivers an overview of the organic industry in Florida, covering the definition of organic, requirements for organic certification, issues in the Florida organic industry, and major market outlets for organic products. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Food and Resource Economics, September 2008. FE732/FE732: Economics of the Organic Food Industry in Florida (ufl.edu)

Third-party certification labels for organic food: consumers' purchase choice and willingness-to-pay

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong You Nie ◽  
Austin Rong-Da Liang ◽  
En Ci Wang
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Product Information ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Food Labels ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Organic Certification ◽  
Organic Rice

PurposeThe purpose of the present study is to examine the effect of organic food certification labels of different third-party verification institutions on consumers' choice of organic food in terms of willingness-to-pay (WTP) using cue utilization theory.Design/methodology/approachThe study conducted an experiment in which organic rice and organic certification labels were presented to 360 valid participants.FindingsWith different organic rice labels issued by various third-party verification institutions, including (1) foundations, (2) associations, (3) university certification centers and (4) private businesses, results indicate that consumers had different preferences and WTP for certain labels. The institutions preferred organic food labels issued by non-profit organizations. In addition, consumers showed different WTP as a result of different purchase motivations (e.g. health vs environmental protection).Originality/valueThese results imply that consumers might not have confidence in the organic labels issued by associations and private institutions. Therefore, different types of certification institutions can have significantly different impacts on consumers' WTP. The study further proposes that the extrinsic attributes of food products (i.e. the cues used in making a purchase decision) must be incongruent with the image of third-party certification institutions in order to develop more efficient communication of product information and to encourage consumers to give positive comments regarding organic food.

Impact of EU Organic-Certification Regulation on Organic Exports from China

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xie Biao ◽  
Li Tingyou ◽  
Zhao Keqiang ◽  
Xi Yunguan
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Tariff Barrier ◽  
Organic Certification ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Certification And Accreditation ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
The Impact

Empirical studies have underlined the importance of technical trade barriers in the agricultural sector. For organic products, national differences in standards, certification and accreditation systems could act as a major non-tariff barrier for export-oriented countries, particularly developing countries, which could eventually fail to benefit from the increasing market opportunities for organic products in developed countries. This paper presents the results of a study on the impact of EU organic-certification legislation on organic exports from China, where the lack of an equivalent system forces Chinese organic exports to enter the international market through multi-certification or special import permits. This results in an increase in certification and transaction costs, as products accepted in one country may not be accepted in another. The paper also reports on the recent legislative developments to establish a national certification and accreditation system for organic products in China.

scholarly journals The essence of competition: microeconomic aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (99) ◽  
pp. 353-360
Author(s):  
A. Burliai ◽  
◽  
O. Burliai ◽  
O. Ivanenko
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Organic Products

Microeconomic analysis of exports and imports of agricultural organic products in Ukraine. Organic agriculture is a way of conducting agricultural production on the conditions of sustainability, which with the help of natural, technologically unprocessed means allows to produce agricultural products - organic food. In recent years, Ukraine has seen a rapid change in the structure of the market for organic agricultural products. The progressive increase in demand for organic food is a consequence of a healthy lifestyle. Demand for organic products is the result of consumer demand for certified agricultural products using organic technology, producers' demand for organic raw materials for further processing and export volumes. The market supply for organic agricultural products is defined as the sum of the supply of organic products, which is formed by agricultural enterprises and the volume of products through imports. Demand and supply of organic consumer products in the world and in the European Union in recent decades have shown exceptional growth dynamics. In Ukraine, the market for organic products is small, but is growing systematically. In 2020, the domestic market for organic agricultural products was estimated at approximately 24.3 million euros. Domestic organic products are exported to more than 40 countries. Recently, domestic organic products are exported mainly to the Netherlands, USA, Switzerland, Germany, Great Britain, Lithuania, Austria and Poland. The main organic products exported from Ukraine over the past five years are corn, wheat, soybeans and sunflowers. The growth of the organic market for agricultural products is changing the role of exports and imports. However, in today's conditions, the volume of exports of organic agricultural products significantly exceeds the volume of imports.

Organic Consumer Behavior- Special reference to cereal /cereal products in the southern part of Tamilnadu.

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-767
Author(s):  
J. ELANCHEZHIAN ◽  
Dr. K. KALAICHELVI
Keyword(s):  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Consumer Awareness ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Food Standards ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Government

Consumers’ interest in organic products is increasing globally. As IFOAM 2016 report, only 1.2 % of the land has been utilized in organic agriculture method. The overall organic market has achieved 89.7 billion $ in 2016 in that, & 48.4 a billion in sales accounted for the USA and German alone. Total registered organic producer in the worldwide is 2.7 million in that India is the leading country which has 835,200 organic producers. But many of them are a small farmer, and they had shared 1.49 million hectares only. The Government of India (GOI) and the state governments have taken several steps to improve the regulatory mechanism and frame several schemes to incentivize organic farming. 2017 December, Food Standards and Safety Authority of India (FSSAI) have recognized both the certification systems (NPOP and PGS-India) valid for organic food products. From these steps, GOI has tried to create confidence in the organic products, so that, domestic consumers and export countries can trust Indian organic products. But still, the organic sector in India suffered from some unique characteristic that is the absence of proper branding, package, consumer awareness, purchasing power, and supply chain issues (Agarwal, 2018).

THE ALLIED NEUTRAL? PORTUGUESE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS WITH THE UK AND GERMANY IN THE SECOND WORLD WAR, 1939-1945

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-110
Author(s):  
Eric Golson
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Third Party ◽  
World War ◽  
Portuguese Empire ◽  
Active Choice ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Second World

ABSTRACTIn September 1939, Portugal made a realist strategic choice to preserve the Portuguese Empire maintaining by its neutrality and also remaining an ally of Great Britain. While the Portuguese could rely largely on their colonies for raw materials to sustain the mainland, the country had long depended on British transportation for these goods and the Portuguese military. With the British priority now given to war transportation, Portugal's economy and Empire were particularly vulnerable. The Portuguese dictator Antonio Salazar sought to mitigate this damage by maintaining particularly friendly financial relations with the British government, including increased exports of Portuguese merchandise and services and permission to accumulate credits in Sterling to cover deficits in the balance of payments. This paper gives an improved set of comprehensive statistics for the Anglo-Portuguese and German–Portuguese relationships, reported in Pounds and according to international standards. The reported statistics include the trade in merchandise, services, capital flows, loans and third-party transfers of funds in favour of the British account. When compared with the German statistics, the Anglo-Portuguese figures show the Portuguese government favoured the British in financial relations, an active choice by Salazar to maintain the Portuguese Empire.

scholarly journals How Far Away Are World Economies from Circularity: Assessing the Capacity of Circular Economy Policy Packages in the Operation of Raw Materials and Industrial Wastes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4394
Author(s):  
Margarita Ignatyeva ◽  
Vera Yurak ◽  
Alexey Dushin ◽  
Vladimir Strovsky ◽  
Sergey Zavyalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Degree Level ◽  
The Eu

Nowadays, circular economy (CE) is on the agenda, however, this concept of closed supply chains originated in the 1960s. The current growing quantity of studies in this area accounts for different discourses except the holistic one, which mixes both approaches—contextual and operating (contextual approach utilizes the thorough examination of the CE theory, stricture of the policy, etc.; the operating one uses any kind of statistical data)—to assess the capacity of circular economy regulatory policy packages (CERPP) in operating raw materials and industrial wastes. This article demonstrates new guidelines for assessing the degree level of capacity (DLC) of CERPPs in the operation of raw materials and industrial wastes by utilizing the apparatus of the fuzzy set theory. It scrupulously surveys current CERPPs in three regions: the EU overall, Finland and Russia; and assesses for eight regions—the EU overall, Finland, Russia, China, Greece, France, the Netherlands and South Korea—the DLC of CERPPs in operating raw materials and industrial wastes. The results show that EU is the best in CE policy and its CERPP is 3R. The following are South Korea and China with the same type of CERPP. Finland, France and the Netherlands have worse results than EU with the type of CERPP called “integrated waste management” because of the absence of a waste hierarchy (reduce, recover, recycle). Russia closes the list with the type of CERPP “basic waste management”.

Implicit Statistical Learning in Real-World Environments Leads to Ecologically Rational Decision Making

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Perkovic ◽  
Jacob Lund Orquin
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Learning ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Ecological Rationality ◽  
Rational Behavior ◽  
Statistical Structure ◽  
Organic Foods ◽  
Decision Strategies ◽  
Rational Decision Making ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Healthful Food

Ecological rationality results from matching decision strategies to appropriate environmental structures, but how does the matching happen? We propose that people learn the statistical structure of the environment through observation and use this learned structure to guide ecologically rational behavior. We tested this hypothesis in the context of organic foods. In Study 1, we found that products from healthful food categories are more likely to be organic than products from nonhealthful food categories. In Study 2, we found that consumers’ perceptions of the healthfulness and prevalence of organic products in many food categories are accurate. Finally, in Study 3, we found that people perceive organic products as more healthful than nonorganic products when the statistical structure justifies this inference. Our findings suggest that people believe organic foods are more healthful than nonorganic foods and use an organic-food cue to guide their behavior because organic foods are, on average, 30% more healthful.

Attitudes and behaviour towards organic products: an exploratory study

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efthimia Tsakiridou ◽  
Christina Boutsouki ◽  
Yorgos Zotos ◽  
Kostantinos Mattas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Food ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Actual Behaviour ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Organic Products

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to identify consumers' attitudes and behaviour towards organic products in Greece.Design/methodology/approachThis paper draws on a non‐probability quota sample of 660 respondents to explore the attitudes and behaviour of Greek consumers towards organic food products.FindingsGreek consumers seem to be informed about environmental and health issues. They seek information about the nutritional value of food and demand more products free from chemical residues. The results show that most consumers associate organic consumption mainly with fruit and vegetables. Although demographics seem to affect attitudes towards organics, their value in explaining actual behaviour is minimal.Research limitations/implicationsIt is recognized that the data gathered in this study focus on the metropolitan area of Thessaloniki, Greece. The specific area though, is considered to be representative of the total Greek population. The results confirm that health, concern for the environment, animal welfare and support of the local economy are drivers of organic consumption. However, there is an indication that the importance of motives and barriers may vary for different product categories and perhaps future research should focus on product segmentation.Practical implicationsAlthough certain similarities in consumers' attitudes towards organic food products have been identified, this paper records the variation in behaviour towards organics among the various consumer groups examined in Greece, and highlights the gap between attitudes and actual behaviour. Given the complexity of consumer decision making, future research should explore the other value trade‐offs that consumers make.Originality/valueThis paper attempts to provide evidence on the relatively under researched area of organics attitudes and behaviour in Greece.

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