scholarly journals Między nauką a biblioteką? Profesor Józef Przyborowski, bibliotekarz Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamojskiej, i jego publikacje o dawnej literaturze i książce

2019 ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Marta Kacprzak
Keyword(s):  
16Th Century ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Literature Culture ◽  
Library Collections

In 1872 Józef Przyborowski (1823−1896) was appointed the director of the Zamoyski Family Fee Tail Library (Biblioteka Ordynacji Zamojskiej, BOZ) in Warsaw. This philologist, historian, numismatist, and archaeologist, former professor of Polish language in the Main School (Szkoła Główna) in Warsaw and the director of its Library, was an expert in the life and works of Jan Kochanowski and the 16th century prints. When working in BOZ (until his death), Przyborowski not only arranged and developed the collections of books and manuscripts, but also transformed it into a workshop for his editorial works and his studies as a historian of literature and bibliography. Przyborowski’s academical and educational publications in the periodicals, encyclopaedias and editions of Old Polish literature were popularising the knowledge of Polish history, literature, culture and library collections. The article presents Przyborowski’s publications, based on the collections of Zamoyski Family Fee Tail Library, and their importance in the history of old books and literature.

scholarly journals Wpływy czeskie w kształtowaniu się polskich wykładników intensyfikacji

2019 ◽  
Vol LXXV (75) ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
Barbara Mitrenga
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Ancient Texts

Czech influences in the formation of the Polish exponents of intensification. Abstract: The article describes Polish exponents of intensification of Czech origin. The detailed analysis includes intensifiers which are equivalents of Old Bohemian přieliš, i.e. bezlisz, brzezlisz, przelisz, przezlisz and przylisz, the expression na porząd and the unit wielmi. The paper focuses on their origin, meaning, text frequency, scope of use in ancient texts and functioning in the history of Polish. The analysis shows that the above-mentioned Bohemisms existed mainly in Old Polish and in the 16th century, which was a time when the Polish literature was developing under the Czech influence. The influence of the Czech language on the development of Polish exponents of intensity was not strong. This is evidenced by the low frequency of the analyzed forms in the few monuments of the Polish language of that period. Streszczenie: Przedmiotem opisu w niniejszym artykule są polskie wykładniki intensyfikacji o proweniencji czeskiej. Szczegółową analizą objęto intensyfikatory będące odpowiednikami staroczeskiego přieliš, tj. bezlisz, brzezlisz, przelisz, przezlisz i przylisz, wyrażenie na porząd oraz jednostkę wielmi. W artykule zwrócono uwagę ich genezę, znaczenie, frekwencję tekstową, zakres użycia w dawnych tekstach oraz funkcjonowanie w historii polszczyzny. Analiza wykazała, że wymienione bohemizmy istniały głównie w staropolszczyźnie i w XVI wieku, czyli w czasie, gdy polskie piśmiennictwo rozwijało się pod wpływem czeszczyzny. Oddziaływanie języka czeskiego na rozwój polskich wykładników intensywności nie było silne, o czym świadczy zazwyczaj niska frekwencja analizowanych form w nielicznych polskich zabytkach językowych tego okresu.

scholarly journals Romantyczne wędrówki Polaków po Szwajcarii Saskiej

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 149-175
Author(s):  
Ewa Grzęda
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Travel Literature ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Spatial Imagination ◽  
Aesthetic Sensibility ◽  
The 19Th Century

Romantic wanderings of Poles across Saxon SwitzerlandThe history of Polish tourism in the Elbe Sandstone Mountains as well as the literary and artistic reception of the landscape and culture of Saxon Switzerland have never been discussed in detail. The present article is a research reconnaissance. The beginnings and development of tourism in the region came in the late 18th and early 19th century. The 1800s were marked by the emergence of the first German-language descriptions of Saxon Switzerland, which served as guidebooks at the time. From the very beginning Poles, too, participated in the tourist movement in the area. The author of the article seeks to follow the increasing interest in Saxon Switzerland and the appearance of the first descriptions of the region in Polish literature and culture. She provides a detailed analysis of Polish-language accounts of micro-trips to the Elbe Sandstone Mountains by Andrzej Edward Koźmian, Stanisław Deszert, Antoni Edward Odyniec, Klementyna Hoffman née Tańska and a poem by Maciej Bogusz Stęczyński. As the analysis demonstrates, in the first half of the 19th century Poles liked to visit these relatively low mountains in Central Europe and tourism in the region is clearly part of the history of Polish mountain tourism. Thanks to unique aesthetic and natural values of the mountains, full of varied rocky formations, reception of their landscape had an impact of the development of the aesthetic sensibility of Polish Romantics. Direct contact with nature and the landscape of Saxon Switzerland also served an important role in the shaping of spatial imagination of Polish tourists, encouraging them to explore other mountains in Europe and the world, including the Alps. On the other hand thanks to the development of tourist infrastructure in Saxon Switzerland, facilitating trips in the region and making the most attractive spots available to inexperienced tourists, micro-trips to the Elbe Sandstone Mountains marked an important stage in the development of mountain tourism on a popular-recreational level. Polish-language accounts of trips to Saxon Switzerland from the first half of the 20th century are a noteworthy manifestation of the beginnings of Polish travel literature.

scholarly journals Historical Surgical Treatments in Polish Veterinary Medicine

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1487
Author(s):  
Slawomir Gonkowski ◽  
Liliana Rytel ◽  
Krystyna Makowska ◽  
Jaroslaw Calka
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Humoral Theory ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Several methods of surgical treatments have been used in the history of Polish veterinary medicine, many of which have now been forgotten. In the present study, a review was conducted of Polish-language veterinary medicine books published from the 16th century (when the first books in Polish were printed) to the 20th century. The article contains a description of the most popular surgical methods used in animal treatment in Poland over the centuries including, among others, bloodletting, setons, fonticulus and cauterization. This article reviews historical veterinary methods and traces the development of Polish veterinary medicine from ancient cures often based on humoral theory to a modern branch of biologic science.

PANTELEIMON KULISH AS A LITERARY CRITIC: FEATURES OF STYLE

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
T. I. Kononchuk
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
The People ◽  
National Spirit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Time Requirements ◽  
Literature Culture ◽  
Main Factor

The article deals with the work of Panteleimon Kulish (1819–1897) as a literary critic. Here is analyzed his article about Hryhoriy Kvitka-Osnovianenko, which was published in 1858 in St. Petersburg in a separate brochure. It has been found out that consideration of the writer’s creativity in the historical and world context, conclusion of generalizations, clarification of the most characteristic aesthetic features of the analyzed works, view on creativity through the author’s biography, journalism, emotionality, argumentation are characteristic for style of Kulish as a literary critic. At the beginning of the article, Kulish talks about the place and role of literature in society. He draws attention to the development and level of literature in the context of the historical development of the state. He gives examples from different literatures and concludes that the development of culture does not always go hand in hand with the development of the state. The author says that the opposite is the case: the decline of a state or kingdom is observed, and at the same time, literature, culture is developing. P. Kulish gives examples from Czech, Polish literature. These facts are important to him because he sees the same in Ukrainian literature. Kulish speaks about literature as a national spirit living in the artistic word. He emphasizes that literature is the key to being a nation. Analyzing the work of H. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko, P. Kulish draws attention to the language of works as the main factor of the text, because of which language appears as a representation of the national spirit, as a guarantee of prosperity of the people. He emphasizes that through literature the people manifest their mission of philanthropy. The works of H. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko, writes P. Kulish, have appeared during difficult years, and show national spirit, they are organic with time requirements. The author briefly describes the biography of H. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko. The journalistic style is characteristic of him. P. Kulish explains where H. Kvitka got his knowledge of the Ukrainian language, why he was so respectful to religion, which later became one of the central themes in his work. In analyzing H. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko’s stories, P. Kulish emphasizes moral and ethical aspects. According to one article by Panteleimon Kulish, we see that he is an interesting critic. His text contains a lot of information, generalizations, reveals typical in the history of peoples and cultures.

scholarly journals Kilka uwag o pleonazmach i tautologiach z perspektywy historyka języka

2021 ◽  
pp. 468-477
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Janowska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Entire History

Some remarks about pleonasms and tautologies from the point of view of a historian of language Summary The problems associated with redundance constitute an object of interest among the researchers of the modern Polish language. From the point of view of a historian, all of these problems are, or perhaps “should be” crucial, for redundance is a conditio which facilitates the existence of such an entity as language – in time. However, a historical perspective which could demonstrate at least the scale of this phenomenon in the entire history of the Polish language heretofore has not been provided. The article is devoted to instances of pleonasm and tautological structures, their variability and stability. As it turns out, many of them are relatively permanent; they have functioned in the Polish language for centuries. Even though they have received criticism in e.g. dictionaries of modern Polish usage, treated as erroneous in various teaching-related publications, they continue to appear in the spoken language and in texts which represent various styles, e.g: w dniu dzisiejszym (which has been a part of the Polish lexicon since at least the 16th century), cofać się do tyłu, miesiąc kwiecień etc. This fact prompts us to re-evaluate their status.

Poza wspólną historią. Historycznoliterackie uwagi na mar ginesieemigracyjnej polonistycznej dydaktyki / BEYOND COMMON HISTORY: THE DIDACTICS OF POLISH STUDIES ABROAD FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF A HISTORIAN OF POLISH LITERATURE

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 395-403
Author(s):  
Bożena Karwowska
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Literature Teaching ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
National Values ◽  
History Of ◽  
Literature Culture ◽  
Polish Culture ◽  
The University ◽  
Point Of Departure

Summary Teaching Polish literature in translation at the University in Vancouver constitutes for the author a point of departure for deliberations on the cultural history of Polish literature. Teaching students of various cultural backgrounds make the author realize the inadequacy of many notions of posteolonial discourses in reference to Polish culture. Despite entering into incessant dialogues with the culture of the so called West, Polish literature is nevertheless marginalized by the West; as such, imperialistic discourse does not constitute for it an appropriate reference in educational practices aimed at international students. Didactic solutions based on appeals to processes of familiarizing Poles with their own history and literature (and national values transmitted by them) despite the censorship of the Polish People’s Republic provide a guidance to study of (inter)relationships between literature, culture, and politics and their roles in building a national “structures of feelings”.

scholarly journals On Aspect, Biaspectuality, and Tenses in the History of Polish

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Pátrovics
Keyword(s):  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Reliable Indicator ◽  
European Language ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
Ongoing Process ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language

By common consent, one of the most characteristic categories of the Polish verb is aspect. There can be little doubt that the origin of the aspect category may lie in Proto-Slavic or much further back in the Proto-Indo- European language. It is a moot point whether the aspect was already a strong category in Proto-Slavic. Nonetheless, it is beyond dispute that the consequences of its emergence were far-reaching and took a relatively long time to clarify in the daughter languages. The various categories such as aspect, biaspectuality, and tense providing the main themes of the present paper were closely related and did interact, however, the essential effects of their interaction can only be identified by scrutiny. In Old Church Slavonic, a certain degree of competition between the category of aspect and that of tense can already be observed, and this is also evident in Old Polish, in which tenses like the aorist and the imperfect were slowly falling into disuse. Their occurrence is quite rare even in the earliest Polish written records. In due course, the perfect tense gained ground and the pluperfect became almost completely obsolete. In Modern Polish, the latter only serves to archaize literary texts. In the further stages of development, the aspectual opposition also extended to the future tenses thereby affecting the entire Polish tense system. Also, in the aspect-tense system of the Modern Polish language, the tendency of the category of aspect to prevail over the category of tense together with the gradual decline in the number of biaspectual verbs, still common in the 16th century, seems to be quite clear. Most of the originally biaspectual initial verbs were later perfectivized by means of prefixes. Thus, the simple verbal bases and their perfectivized derivatives could establish an aspectual partnership. In the case of verbs with foreign roots, the prefix z-/ s- played a pivotal role in perfectivation, while other prefixes such as za- and po- had a less important role. The process of perfectivation in Polish was so extensive that only few biaspectual verbs remained free of the opposition of aspect as reminders of the fact that the development of this category is still an ongoing process. This is also shown by the more recent biaspectual verbs with borrowed roots for which it can be anticipated that they will form their perfective counterparts soon. The paper concludes that the amount of verbs with an aspectually uncertain status is likely to be a reliable indicator of the development of the aspect category for the earlier periods in the history of the Polish language. An important role in this may play the diachronic corpus-based investigation, which, though for a long time considered a stepchild of Slavic aspectual research, may still help to clarify a number of issues related to the category of aspect.

scholarly journals Początki językoznawstwa polonistycznego na Uniwersytecie Poznańskim

LingVaria ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Pihan-Kijasowa
Keyword(s):  
Literary Theory ◽  
Literature And Linguistics ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
New Generation ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Theory Of Literature

The Origins of Polish Language Studies at Poznań University Linguistic studies on the Polish language and literature were first conducted at the Faculty of Philosophy of Poznań University (established in 1919). Studies on literary theory were pursued in the Department of History of Polish Literature, whereas linguistic studies in the Department of Slavic Philology and Indo-European Linguistics. Initially, these studies were supervised by scholars who came from the Jagiellonian University in Cracow: Mikołaj Rudnicki and Tadeusz Lehr-Spławiński, as well as Stanisław Dobrzycki who was active in two fields, theory of literature and linguistics. It was only in 1922 that the Department of the Polish Language was established thanks to the efforts of Edward Klich, who also came from Cracow. At first, Polish language studies at Poznań University concentrated on two fields: onomastics (with components of etymology), and dialectology. More comprehensive research was conducted since the establishment of the Department of the Polish Language which was joined by a new generation of linguists, including graduates of Poznań University.

scholarly journals Niewspółczesność. O możliwej historii literatury polskiej po 1989 roku

Wielogłos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Tomasz Mizerkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Late Modernism ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Temporal Horizon ◽  
Simultaneous Activity ◽  
General Perspective

Noncontemporaneity. On the Possible History of Polish Literature after 1989 Temporal and historical frames usually applied to the description of recent Polish literature gradually lose their potential. “Postmodernism,” “late modernism,” and other terms do not reveal the complicated and local temporal landscape of this literature. Processes like the traumatic return of past events (WWII, the Holocaust, Stalinist terror), the simultaneous activity of Polish language writers in countries around the world, immigrant writings, etc., preclude the use of the term “contemporaneity,” since they do not create any shared temporal horizon and belong to processes of different temporal dynamics with separate time rhythms. Rather, they belong to the dimension of “noncontemporaneity” or “asynchrony.” “Noncontemporaneity” is both the general perspective of the latest literature and the experience of the main characters presented by the literary works.

scholarly journals Historia farmacji według Zbigniewa Beli

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 583-599
Author(s):  
Anita Magowska
Keyword(s):  
16Th Century ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
History Of Pharmacy

This article focuses on life and scientific developments of Zbigniew Bela (1948–2018) who was professor of the history of pharmacy and director of the Museum of Pharmacy of Jagiellonian University in Cracow. The aim of the article is to identify specificity of his research activity, particular because he was a Polish language scholar, however, interested in the history of pharmacy. It was proven that he used literary perspective to investigate the history of pharmacy that was very original and peculiar. His most important achievements were monographs inspired and illustrated by items from the Museum of Pharmacy in Cracow, especially the 16th century formulary by Alexey from Piedmont.

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