scholarly journals Rapid detection of food borne pathogens and non-pathogens in fresh produce using FT-IRS and raman spectroscopy

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Irudayaraj ◽  
Ze'ev Schmilovitch ◽  
Amos Mizrach ◽  
Giora Kritzman ◽  
Chitrita DebRoy
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Food Matrices

Rapid detection of pathogens and hazardous elements in fresh fruits and vegetables after harvest requires the use of advanced sensor technology at each step in the farm-to-consumer or farm-to-processing sequence. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and the complementary Raman spectroscopy, an advanced optical technique based on light scattering will be investigated for rapid and on-site assessment of produce safety. Paving the way toward the development of this innovative methodology, specific original objectives were to (1) identify and distinguish different serotypes of Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, and Bacillus cereus by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, (2) develop spectroscopic fingerprint patterns and detection methodology for fungi such as Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Fusarium, and Penicillium (3) to validate a universal spectroscopic procedure to detect foodborne pathogens and non-pathogens in food systems. The original objectives proposed were very ambitious hence modifications were necessary to fit with the funding. Elaborate experiments were conducted for sensitivity, additionally, testing a wide range of pathogens (more than selected list proposed) was also necessary to demonstrate the robustness of the instruments, most crucially, algorithms for differentiating a specific organism of interest in mixed cultures was conceptualized and validated, and finally neural network and chemometric models were tested on a variety of applications. Food systems tested were apple juice and buffer systems. Pathogens tested include Enterococcus faecium, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus cereus, Yersinia enterocolitis, Shigella boydii, Staphylococus aureus, Serratiamarcescens, Pseudomonas vulgaris, Vibrio cholerae, Hafniaalvei, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes, E. coli (O103, O55, O121, O30 and O26), Aspergillus niger (NRRL 326) and Fusarium verticilliodes (NRRL 13586), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ATCC 24859), Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 11443), Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora and Clavibacter michiganense. Sensitivity of the FTIR detection was 103CFU/ml and a clear differentiation was obtained between the different organisms both at the species as well as at the strain level for the tested pathogens. A very crucial step in the direction of analyzing mixed cultures was taken. The vector based algorithm was able to identify a target pathogen of interest in a mixture of up to three organisms. Efforts will be made to extend this to 10-12 key pathogens. The experience gained was very helpful in laying the foundations for extracting the true fingerprint of a specific pathogen irrespective of the background substrate. This is very crucial especially when experimenting with solid samples as well as complex food matrices. Spectroscopic techniques, especially FTIR and Raman methods are being pursued by agencies such as DARPA and Department of Defense to combat homeland security. Through the BARD US-3296-02 feasibility grant, the foundations for detection, sample handling, and the needed algorithms and models were developed. Successive efforts will be made in transferring the methodology to fruit surfaces and to other complex food matrices which can be accomplished with creative sampling methods and experimentation. Even a marginal success in this direction will result in a very significant breakthrough because FTIR and Raman methods, in spite of their limitations are still one of most rapid and nondestructive methods available. Continued interest and efforts in improving the components as well as the refinement of the procedures is bound to result in a significant breakthrough in sensor technology for food safety and biosecurity.

scholarly journals Rapid and accurate electrochemical sensor for food allergen detection in complex foods

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madanodaya Sundhoro ◽  
Srikanth R. Agnihotra ◽  
Nazir D. Khan ◽  
Abigail Barnes ◽  
Joseph BelBruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Allergen Detection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Confirmatory Analysis ◽  
Food Matrices

AbstractFood allergies are estimated to affect about 2–5% of adults and 6–8% of children, globally. Currently, the most effective strategy for food allergy management is stringent avoidance of the offending allergen. Unlike other major food allergens, soy is uniquely challenging to avoid due to its prevalence and insidiousness in a wide variety of foods, such as infant formulas. Recently, we demonstrated a simple, accurate, and consumer-friendly sensor using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for rapid detection of soy allergenic tracers in complex food matrices at clinically relevant levels. In this work, we build on these findings by subjecting MIP-based soy allergen sensors to test trials in 42 different food products, representing over 300 ingredients. Foods were selected based on their compositional complexity to capture a wide range of preparatory methods and processing conditions. In each case, the Allergy Amulet correctly reported on the presence or absence of soy allergen tracer in investigated samples and were subjected to immunoassay confirmatory analysis. The outcome of this research will help resolve persistent difficulties with commercial technologies in detecting allergenic tracers with minimal cross-interference in foods, and will give those with soy allergies the ability to easily, rapidly, and accurately identify and avoid foods with soy allergens.

Characterization and Experimental Investigation of Tin Micro Tubular Coil Heater Using Raman Spectroscopy

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 641-645
Author(s):  
G. Sureshkannan ◽  
G. Mohan Kumar ◽  
M.P. Saravanan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Geometric Optimization ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Metallic Surfaces ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Micro Sensor

Raman spectroscopy is a commonly used tool in bio-diagnostics and micro sensor technology. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering provides high signal enhancements especially at micro and nanostructured metallic surfaces. Micro tubular coil heaters have been widely investigated because of their extensive applications in PET Preformed Moulds, Hot Runner Nozzles & Bushings and Thin Walled Container Moulds and other Microsystems. This paper describes the characterization, experimental investigation and analysis of Titanium Nitride (TiN) micro tubular coil heater using Raman spectroscopy and Comsol multiphysics. The material characterization was performed using Raman spectrometer and the geometric optimization for the micro tubular coil heater was performed by simulating a wide range of possible geometries using COMSOLTM, a commercial Finite Element Analysis (FEA) package. The characteristic dimensions of the microstructures are varied and the results are discussed and compared to each other. The simulated results of micro tubular heaters having an improved temperature distribution over the sensing area and a higher density of integration is presented in this paper.

Chalcones: As potent α-amylase enzyme inhibitors; synthesis, in vitro, and in silico studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboob Ali ◽  
Momin Khan ◽  
Khair Zaman ◽  
Abdul Wadood ◽  
Maryam Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Chalcone Derivatives ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Wide Range

: Background: The inhibition of α-amylase enzyme is one of the best therapeutic approach for the management of type II diabetes mellitus. Chalcone possesses a wide range of biological activities. Objective: In the current study chalcone derivatives (1-17) were synthesized and evaluated their inhibitory potential against α-amylase enzyme. Method: For that purpose, a library of substituted (E)-1-(naphthalene-2-yl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ones was synthesized by ClaisenSchmidt condensation reaction of 2-acetonaphthanone and substituted aryl benzaldehyde in the presence of base and characterized via different spectroscopic techniques such as EI-MS, HREI-MS, 1H-, and 13C-NMR. Results: Sixteen synthetic chalcones were evaluated for in vitro porcine pancreatic α-amylase inhibition. All the chalcones demonstrated good inhibitory activities in the range of IC50 = 1.25 ± 1.05 to 2.40 ± 0.09 μM as compared to the standard commercial drug acarbose (IC50 = 1.34 ± 0.3 μM). Conclusion: Chalcone derivatives (1-17) were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their α-amylase inhibition. SAR revealed that electron donating groups in the phenyl ring have more influence on enzyme inhibition. However, to insight the participation of different substituents in the chalcones on the binding interactions with the α-amylase enzyme, in silico (computer simulation) molecular modeling analyses were carried out.

Rapid Detection of Bacteria Using Raman Spectroscopy and Deep Learning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlyn Kukula ◽  
Denzel Farmer ◽  
Jesse Duran ◽  
Nishatul Majid ◽  
Christie Chatterley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Rapid Detection

scholarly journals Sensing of Nickel(II) Ions by Immobilizing Ligands and Using Different SPEs

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Liliana Anchidin-Norocel ◽  
Sonia Amariei ◽  
Gheorghe Gutt
Keyword(s):  
Bismuth Oxide ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Cyclic Voltammogram ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Nickel Allergy ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Wide Range

The aim of this paper is the development of a sensor for the quantification of nickel ions in food raw materials and foods. It is believed that about 15% of the human population suffers from nickel allergy. In addition to digestive manifestations, food intolerance to nickel may also have systemic manifestations, such as diffuse dermatitis, diffuse itching, fever, rhinitis, headache, altered general condition. Therefore, it is necessary to control this content of nickel ions for the health of the human population by developing a new method that offers the advantages of a fast, not expensive, in situ, and accurate analysis. For this purpose, bismuth oxide-screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) and graphene-modified SPEs were used with a very small amount of dimethylglyoxime and amino acid L-histidine that were deposited. A potentiostat that displays the response in the form of a cyclic voltammogram was used to study the electrochemical properties of nickel standard solution with different concentrations. The results were compared and the most sensitive sensor proved to be bismuth oxide-SPEs with dimethylglyoxime (Bi2O3/C-dmgH2) with a linear response over a wide range (0.1–10 ppm) of nickel concentrations. Furthermore, the sensor shows excellent selectivity in the presence of common interfering species. The Bi2O3/C-dmgH2 sensor showed good viability for nickel analysis in food samples (cocoa, spinach, cabbage, and red wine) and demonstrated significant advancement in sensor technology for practical applications.

scholarly journals Raman Spectroscopy Investigation of Graphene Oxide Reduction by Laser Scribing

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Vittorio Scardaci ◽  
Giuseppe Compagnini
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduce Graphene Oxide ◽  
Oxide Reduction ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Laser Scribing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scan Speed ◽  
Laser Reduction

Laser scribing has been proposed as a fast and easy tool to reduce graphene oxide (GO) for a wide range of applications. Here, we investigate laser reduction of GO under a range of processing and material parameters, such as laser scan speed, number of laser passes, and material coverage. We use Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of the obtained materials. We demonstrate that laser scan speed is the most influential parameter, as a slower scan speed yields poor GO reduction. The number of laser passes is influential where the material coverage is higher, producing a significant improvement of GO reduction on a second pass. Material coverage is the least influential parameter, as it affects GO reduction only under restricted conditions.

scholarly journals Overview of Popular Techniques of Raman Spectroscopy and Their Potential in the Study of Plant Tissues

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1537
Author(s):  
Aneta Saletnik ◽  
Bogdan Saletnik ◽  
Czesław Puchalski
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Identification Technique

Raman spectroscopy is one of the main analytical techniques used in optical metrology. It is a vibration, marker-free technique that provides insight into the structure and composition of tissues and cells at the molecular level. Raman spectroscopy is an outstanding material identification technique. It provides spatial information of vibrations from complex biological samples which renders it a very accurate tool for the analysis of highly complex plant tissues. Raman spectra can be used as a fingerprint tool for a very wide range of compounds. Raman spectroscopy enables all the polymers that build the cell walls of plants to be tracked simultaneously; it facilitates the analysis of both the molecular composition and the molecular structure of cell walls. Due to its high sensitivity to even minute structural changes, this method is used for comparative tests. The introduction of new and improved Raman techniques by scientists as well as the constant technological development of the apparatus has resulted in an increased importance of Raman spectroscopy in the discovery and defining of tissues and the processes taking place in them.

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