scholarly journals Role of Membranes Thermobehavior in Chilling Injury of Bovine Oocyte as an Important Step Toward Cr yobanking of Female Genome

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Arav ◽  
John Crowe ◽  
Amihud Borochov
Keyword(s):  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Bovine Oocyte ◽  
Female Genome

Review : Role of polyamines in chilling injury of fruit and vegetables/Revisión: El papel de las poliaminas en los daños por frío de frutas y hortalizas

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Serrano ◽  
M.C. Martínez-Madrid ◽  
G. Martínez ◽  
F. Riquelme ◽  
M.T. Pretel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Physiological Alterations ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Subtropical Fruit ◽  
Cell Membrane Level

Some tropical and subtropical fruit and vegetables suffer chilling injuries (CI) when exposed to low (above freezing) temperatures. The symptoms of such injuries vary between species, although they usually involve staining of the peel and internal browing, and are related to important modi fications at the cell membrane level. The polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine, have an antisenescent action because of their capacity to link with anionic compounds in the cell membrane and to capture free radicals, thus stabilizing the lipid bilayer and preventing membrane deterioration. This paper reviews the mechanism responsible for the physiological alterations produced by chilling, the role of polyamines and the quantitative changes they undergo in the affected tissues. Finally, it describes the possibility of using different treatments to reduce the negative effects of low temperatures and their influence on polyamine levels.

The role of ethylene in the prevention of chilling injury in nectarines

2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Wei Zhou ◽  
L.i. Dong ◽  
Ruth Ben-Arie ◽  
Susan Lurie
Keyword(s):  
Chilling Injury

scholarly journals Overexpression of Mannitol-1-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Increases Mannitol Accumulation and Adds Protection Against Chilling Injury in Petunia

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Jen Chiang ◽  
C. Stushnoff ◽  
A.E. McSay ◽  
M.L. Jones ◽  
H.J. Bohnert
Keyword(s):  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
And Control

Petunia ×hybrida (Hook) Vilm. cv. Mitchell was transformed with an E. coli gene encoding mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (mtlD). Four plant lines that grew on kanamycin and contained the mtlD transgene were identified. Two of these lines contained high levels of mannitol [high-mannitol lines M3 and M8; mean mannitol = 3.39 μmol·g-1 dry weight (DW)] compared to nontransformed wild-type plants (0.86 μmol·g-1 DW), while two lines had mannitol levels similar to wild-type plants (low-mannitol lines M2 and M9; mean mannitol = 1.05 μmol·g-1 DW). Transgenic and control plants were subjected to chilling stress (3 ± 0.5 °C day/0 ± 0.5 °C night, 12-hour photoperiod and 75% relative humidity) to evaluate the role of mannitol in chilling tolerance. Based upon foliage symptoms and membrane leakage after a 3-week chilling treatment, the high-mannitol containing lines, M3 and M8, were more tolerant of chilling stress than the low-mannitol containing transgenic lines, M2 and M9, and wild-type. Under nonchilling conditions mannitol was the only carbohydrate that differed among transgenic lines, but all carbohydrates were present. When subjected to chilling stress, mannitol levels dropped by 75%, sucrose by 52%, and inositol by 54% in the low-mannitol lines (M2 and M9). In M3 and M8, the high-mannitol lines, mannitol levels decreased by 36%, sucrose by 25%, and inositol by 56%, respectively. Raffinose increased 2- to 3-fold in all lines following exposure to low-temperature chilling stress. In the higher mannitol lines only 0.04% to 0.06% of the total osmotic potential generated from all solutes could be attributed to mannitol, thus its action is more like that of an osmoprotectant rather than an osmoregulator. This study demonstrates that metabolic engineering of osmoprotectant synthesis pathways can be used to improve stress tolerance in horticultural crops.

Role of Intercellular Coupling on Chromatin Changes Transcriptional Activity and Meiotic Competence Acquisition During Bovine Oocyte Growth In Vitro.

2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 282-282
Author(s):  
Federica M. Franciosi ◽  
Valentina Lodde ◽  
Silvia Modina ◽  
Irene Tessaro ◽  
Alberto M. Luciano
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Bovine Oocyte ◽  
Intercellular Coupling ◽  
Oocyte Growth ◽  
Competence Acquisition ◽  
Meiotic Competence

176 REGULATORY ROLE OF miR-20a DURING BOVINE OOCYTE MATURATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Andreas ◽  
D. Salilew-Wondim ◽  
F. Rings ◽  
E. Held ◽  
M. Hoelker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Bovine Oocyte ◽  
Total Rna ◽  
Progesterone Synthesis ◽  
Spent Media

The role of microRNA in oocyte maturation is mostly associated with optimal turnover of the accumulated maternal transcripts during their growth to allow maturation. MiR-20a is a member of the miR-17–92 cluster, which has been found to be differentially expressed in bovine granulosa cells derived from preovulatory dominant and subordinate follicles. Our recent study showed that miR-20a is involved in the regulation of granulosa cell proliferation, differentiation, and progesterone synthesis by targeting PTEN and BMPR2 genes. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of miR-20a in the bovine oocyte maturation processes. For this, cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were aspirated from small antral follicles (2–8 mm in diameter) and cultured in groups of 50 in 400 µL of maturation media (TCM-199 media supplemented with 12% oestrus cow serum and 10 µg/ml Follitropin®) at 39°C in a humidified atmosphere with 5% (vol/vol) CO2 in the air for 22 h. The cumulus cells and oocytes before (germinal vesicle) and after maturation (metaphase II) were mechanically separated in 0.1% hyaluronidase (in TCM-199 media). To study whether the presence of cumulus cells or oocyte has an impact on the miR-20a expression, we cultured oocytectomized cumulus cells and oocytes with and without their companion cells. Moreover, COC were co-cultured with miR-20a mimic, inhibitor, or corresponding controls to investigate the role of this miRNA in oocyte maturation. The total RNA from cumulus cells and oocytes was extracted using miRNeasy® mini kit (Qiagen GmbH, Hilden, Germany). Total RNA from respective samples was reverse transcribed for mRNA and microRNA expression analysis. Quantitative expression analysis was performed using StepOnePlus™ System (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) and subsequent data were analysed using a comparative cycle threshold method. The progesterone released in the spent media was measured using progesterone enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (ENZO Life Sciences GmbH, Loerrach, Germany). Here, we found that miR-20a expression in cumulus cells increased (P < 0.05) during oocyte maturation. Conversely, miR-20a expression in metaphase II stage oocytes was significantly lower (P < 0.001) compared with the germinal vesicle stage. The absence of oocyte cytoplasm resulted in reduced miR-20a expression in cumulus cells. On the other hand, the absent of cumulus cells increased miR-20a expression in oocytes. The miR-20a expression revealed that the microRNA transduction is restricted in the cumulus cells. The overexpression of miR-20a increased oocyte maturation rate (P < 0.05) by 4.8% (as determined by extrusion of the polar body) and the expression of oocyte maturation-related genes (INHBA, MAPK1, PTGS2, PTX3, and EGFR). The progesterone released in spent media of COC co-cultured with miR-20a mimic and inhibitor showed increasing (P = 0.0936) and decreasing (P = 0.0993) trends, respectively. In this study, we also found that miR-20a modulation altered the expression of PTEN and BMPR2 in cumulus cells. In conclusion, the modulation of miR-20a expression in cumulus cells regulates the oocyte maturation and partially involved in the progesterone synthesis by fine-tuning the expression of PTEN and BMPR2 genes.

scholarly journals Involvement of Arginase in Methyl Jasmonate–induced Tomato Fruit Chilling Tolerance

2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhua Zhang ◽  
Fujun Li ◽  
Nana Ji ◽  
Shujun Shao ◽  
Dongyang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Chilling Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme System ◽  
Plant Stress Responses

The physiological role of arginase in nitrogen remobilization processes from protein degradation during seed germination has well been described in several species. However, very little is known about its possible roles in plant stress responses. Treatment of tomato fruit (Solanum lycopersicum L.) with 0.05 mm methyl jasmonate (MeJA) enhanced transcription levels of arginase genes, especially LeARG2. Chilling injury (CI) of fruit treated with 0.05 mm MeJA for 12 hours was also effectively alleviated, as manifested by decreases in CI index, electrolyte leakage, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. To investigate the potential role of arginase in MeJA-induced chilling tolerance, fruit were treated with MeJA or the arginase inhibitor Nω-hydroxy-nor-l-arginine (nor-NOHA) combined with MeJA and then stored at 2 °C for 28 days. MeJA-induced arginase activity was strongly inhibited and the reduction of CI by MeJA was nearly abolished by the inhibitor. In addition, MeJA treatment increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX); inhibited peroxidase (POD) activities; and promoted proline and polyamines accumulation. These effects were partially counteracted by nor-NOHA; putrescine accumulation, however, was unaffected by the inhibitor. Our results indicate that arginase may be involved in MeJA-induced chilling tolerance, possibly by ameliorating the antioxidant enzyme system of fruit and increasing proline levels.

scholarly journals Fibroin Delays Chilling Injury of Postharvest Banana Fruit via Enhanced Antioxidant Capability during Cold Storage

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Liu ◽  
Fengjun Li ◽  
Lei Liang ◽  
Yueming Jiang ◽  
Junjia Chen
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Octadecanoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Browning Index ◽  
Control Fruit

storage Banana fruit after harvest is susceptible to chilling injury, which is featured by peel browning during cold, and it easily loses its nutrition and economic values. This study investigated the role of fibroin treatment in delaying peel browning in association with the antioxidant capability of postharvest banana fruit during cold storage. Compared to the control fruit, fibroin-treated fruit contained higher amounts of Pro and Cys during overall storage as well as higher glutathione (GSH) during the middle of storage. Conversely, fibroin-treated fruit exhibited a lower peel browning index and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level during overall storage as well as lower contents of hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid by the end of storage compared to control fruit. In addition, fibroin-treated banana fruit showed higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in relation to upregulation SOD, CAT, and GR as well as peroxiredoxins (MT3 and GRX) during the middle of storage. These results highlighted the role of fibroin treatment in reducing peel browning by enhancing the antioxidant capability of harvested banana fruit during cold storage.

Developmental capability of denuded bovine oocyte in a Co-culture system with intact cumulus-oocyte complexes: Role of cumulus cells, cyclic adenosine 3?,5?-monophosphate, and glutathione

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto M. Luciano ◽  
Valentina Lodde ◽  
Matteo S. Beretta ◽  
Silvia Colleoni ◽  
Antonio Lauria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture System ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Bovine Oocyte
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