scholarly journals The use of digital educational technologies in upbringing and education of senior preschoolers with disabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-246
Author(s):  
Irina I. Sunagatullina ◽  
◽  
Anastasia A. Pushkareva ◽  
Irina A. Kuvshinova ◽  
Vladimir A. Chernobrovkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Preschoolers With Disabilities

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the search for the most effective upbringing and education technologies is a strategic task of the modern education system that exists and is developing in a post-industrial society. Research purpose is to substantiate the pedagogical feasibility of using digital technologies in the context of transformation of the special education system, including the level of preschool education. Materials and methods. The experimental study was conducted in the Municipal Preschool Educational Institution “Child Development Center – Kindergarten No. 98” in the city of Magnitogorsk in the period from June 2020 to December 2020. Sixty-eight (68) senior preschoolers took part in the experimental work: eighteen (18) children with mental retardation, thirty-eight (38) children with difficulties in psychological development, twelve (12) children with autism spectrum disorders. Research results. Among the respondents of the experimental group, as a result of a series of innovative lessons conducted with the use of Logo 1 sensory wall-mounted developmental speech therapy complex, the percentage increase in the average score of secondary diagnosis in relation to the average score of primary diagnosis in the study of attention development was 15%, in the study of memory development – 23%, in the study of thinking development – 13%, in the study of the level of speech development – 20%. Discussion and conclusion. Digitalization of the preschool educational environment has a positive effect on the development of higher mental processes in preschoolers with disabilities, provided that the following conditions are met: the electronic forms of the provided material are colorful and bright so as to arouse a child’s interest; organized lessons harmoniously combine the classical elements of upbringing and digital educational components that contribute to the transition from simple forms of children’s activity to more complex ones; teachers are interested in studying and using digital analogues of classical forms of organizing correctional and developmental lessons.

scholarly journals Regional education system: development characteristics, competitive environment and the need for state support

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (40) ◽  
pp. 100-110
Author(s):  
Elena Klochko ◽  
Asya Arutyunova ◽  
Elena Vorobey ◽  
Tatiana Myasnikova ◽  
Yuri Treshchevsky
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
State Support ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Education Management ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Regional Education

The modern system of preschool education is unique in its multidimensional nature of services since in a preschool educational institution a child is provided with upbringing, training, supervision, and care. The child's future academic performance largely depends on his preschool education. The article examines key indicators featuring the development of preschool education in the Krasnodar Region. The purpose of this study is to summarize the results of improvements in education, to determine the main guidelines for further activities. Today in the Russian Federation there are no mechanisms for a comprehensive quantitative assessment of the activities of preschool educational institutions; the assessment is implemented mainly using the method of expert estimates. Therefore, specialists of the education management bodies and heads of the educational institutions can compare the preschool educational institutions only based on these scattered data. The authors propose the following directions of state support for the development of the regional education system: 1) to determine the list of services on the market; provide a description and define their sourcing; 2) to develop an annually updated system of accounting for unmet needs of the population in preschool educational services; 3) to create a system for the development of entrepreneurship in the field of preschool education, given the support from public authorities.

scholarly journals The Analyses of Possible Indicators of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders Early Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
Kristina Kharatyan
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Development Communication ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Nowadays autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are on the list of most frequent childish disorders. It is characterized by communicational, behavioural, and emotional difficulties, unique manifestations of cognitive processes, lack of communicational initiative. ASD is a developmental disorder that occurs in early childhood, persists into adulthood, and affects three areas of development: communication, social partnership, and behavior. So, when the means of communication are incomplete or absent, the normal course of the child's development is being disrupted, social adaptation becomes impossible. For the effective organization of speech therapy intervention of children, it is necessary to start child`s rehabilitation work as   possible of the child's development: The author's long time professional experience (15 years) in working with these children indicates that one of the keys to the best effectiveness of communication and speech development is early intervention, which can be organized only after the early detection and diagnosis of children with ASD. One of the prerequisites for early diagnosis is to ensure the continuity of the awareness process among parents, which is the main goal of our article.

scholarly journals Teaching coherent descriptive speech to children of senior preschool age with speech underdevelopment problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-165
Author(s):  
L. G. Shadrina ◽  
O. V. Efimova
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Systematic Analysis

Introduction. Today, one of the main requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education is to ensure the speech development in children, which means mastering them of free, coherent dialogue and monologic speech skills as a means of communication with adults and peers. The indicators of successful speech development are skills to build different types of coherent statements. This requirement fully applies to children with minor speech delays. However, in modern speech therapy, the development of coherent speech is made dependent on the elimination of the shortcomings of unformed language structures and involves the use of reproductive techniques, including mainly constant repetitions of speech patterns. Children are simply asked to copy stereotypical schemes when making their own statements, but the attention is not paid to the process of formulating rules and peculiarities of description texts, the understanding of which is very important to be prepared for school. Thus, it is significantly important to revise well-established techniques to learn oral monologue speech when teaching children with serious speech disorders.The aim of the present article is to discuss the conditions for effective development of coherent descriptive speech in preschool children with speech underdevelopment problems.Methodology and research methods. The methodological framework of the research is based on the theory of speech activity and the theory of developmental education, as well as the systematic analysis of the peculiarities of verbal communication skills in children and modern ideas of correctional pedagogy about the structure of speech defects. In the course of the research, empirical research methods and a pedagogical experiment were employed.Results and scientific novelty. Children aged 5–6 years old (n = 60) with the logopedic report “general underdevelopment of speech of the 3 rd –4 th levels” took part in the experimental research. It was proved that it is necessary to teach preschool children with speech disorders not only to speak by analogy and model structures, but also to formulate detailed meaningful descriptive statements. The entry test demonstrated that most respondents have insufficient formation of coherent descriptive speech: 40% – medium level, 38% – low level. More than half of preschool children in the experimental group (53,6%) improved their results through the targeted and comprehensive correctional work, in the course of which they learned practical description skills. While working on description skills, children learned how to highlight and compare essential features of a subject, to combine individual phrases into a consistent message. The priority areas were identified in each speech task to ensure the greatest impact of its performance. The conducted classes influenced not only speech, but also cognitive development of children. Also, the classes stimulated children’s speech and thought activities, contributed to the activation of visual, auditory and tactile perception, memory, attention and observation.Practical significance. The research materials provide a new direction to determine the technologies for the development of coherent speech in children of senior preschool age with speech underdevelopment.

scholarly journals The DIRFloortime Approach in Speech Therapy for Speech Development in Children with ADs and Other Disorders. Recommendations for Parents and Teachers

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
E.S. Gomozova ◽  
M.A. Gomozova
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Developmental Approach ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Speech Therapists

The “RecheTsvetik” center offers an intervention program based on the DIRFloortime developmental approach for speech development in children with autism spectrum disorders. The main rule when working with a child is to help him learn how to use ideas and words and to associate words and ideas of a parent or a teacher with his own desires and intentions. This article provides recommendations and techniques used by DIR speech therapists to develop speech in children with autism spectrum disorders and is intended for parents and teachers.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF MECHANISMS OF WRITTEN SPEECH AND READY FOR LETTER OF CHILDREN OF THE SEVENTH YEAR OF LIFE

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A GALKINA ◽  
◽  
E.V GALEYEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Synthetic Activity ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Educational Standard ◽  
State Educational

The article considers the problem of preparing children in their seventh year of life for writing, the relevance of increasing the competence of teachers in preparing children for school. The need for teachers to master skills related to the development of preparation for writing preschool children is due to many factors: preparation for school, the sensitivity of the period, the plasticity of the brain centers. When determining the substantive characteristics of the problem, the concept of "writing", "sound analysis", "graphic skill" is highlighted and the analysis of positions relative to this concept is presented. The subject content of the components of writing skills is characterized, criteria and levels of acceleration of the background of writing in children of preschool age are determined, and methods for their assessment are selected. The goal, tasks, methods of the ascertaining stage of the research of experimental work within the framework of the research topic are presented. The study involved preschoolers of the seventh year of life. During the study, the main methods were: conversation, observation, conversation, game situation. The results of a study of the organization of child experimentation in a preschool educational institution are presented. The problems of mastering the letter in children of preschool age are outlined and the qualitative characteristics are presented. According to the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education (FGOC DO): “speech development includes the possession of speech as a means of communication and culture; enrichment of the active dictionary; development of coherent, grammatically correct dialogic and monologic speech; development of speech creativity; development of sound and intonational culture of speech, phonemic hearing; acquaintance with book culture, children's literature, listening comprehension of texts of various genres of children's literature; the formation of sound analytic - synthetic activity as a prerequisite for literacy, ”which indicates the relevance of this problem and the need to implement the tasks and search for effective methods of formation.

scholarly journals Harmonization Problems of the education systems indicators in the BriCs Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-40
Author(s):  
D. Yampolskaya ◽  
A. Korneeva ◽  
H. Cai ◽  
B. Campolina
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Education System ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Study Programs ◽  
Education Indicators ◽  
The One

The conditions for the development of modern states are impossible without cooperation and integration with other states in various socio-economic areas. The formation and protection of an alternative position in the world by a number of countries led to the creation of the BRICS association. Participation in this association is of great importance for Russia in a variety of fields. One of the promising areas of cooperation is the sphere of education in all its aspects, ranging from preschool education to the attainment of various degrees and titles. This article addresses the issue of coordination of the BRICS countries in the field of education.The basis for determining the indicators of the education systems and the principles of their comparison was the similar data from the international organizations UNESCO, OECD and Eurostat. As a result of studying the principles of collecting statistical data and methodological materials for comparing the education sector indicators in these international organizations, a certain vision of the database of the BRICS countries has been set. On the one hand, this base should not contradict international practice; on the other hand, the chosen indicators should be used by all countries of the BRICS association. Following this study, a proposal on the principles of information collection was made, as well as a proposal on the main indicators for education indicators comparison in the BRICS countries.The basis for cooperation between the education systems is a harmonized system of concepts and definitions, which allows unambiguous interpretation of such fundamental terms as education, educational program, educational institution, student, entrant, acceptance for study programs, graduates, graduations, personnel of educational institutions, expenses for education, etc.In parallel with the harmonization of the education system terminology, it is necessary to harmonize statistical indicators that can quantify the education system at all levels. As arule, observation units of education statistics are institutions that provide educational services at all levels of education to both individuals and legal entities.

scholarly journals Differentiated approach in speech therapy of preschool children with autism spectrum disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Yanina Yurievna Dobromil ◽  
◽  
Yana Sergeevna Ivashchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Positive Results

The article presents a description of a differentiated approach in the development of the content of individual speech therapy support for preschool children with autism spectrum disorders. The need to develop individualized routes of speech therapy support is due to the heterogeneity of this category of children. Taking into account the initial state of speech development contributed to the formation of speech skills available at this stage of development and possible for each group of autistic children. The use of such an approach in correctional practice made it possible to obtain qualitatively new positive results: in children with mutism, the possibilities of understanding addressed speech and the formation of non-verbal communication skills have significantly expanded; children with echola-personal speech not only improved their understanding of speech, but also the number of echolalia decreased, skills of spontaneous phrasal speech appeared; children with an automonologist mastered the skills of spontaneous detailed speech in dialogical and monologic forms.

scholarly journals Using sculpturing during speech therapy sessions in order to involve a child with ASD in joint activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
L.I. Vlasova
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Joint Activities ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Autistic Disorders ◽  
Therapy Sessions ◽  
Further Development

Children with autism spectrum disorders often have particular hardships in participating in joint activities with an adult. This makes interventions more problematic and draws back the achievement of planned educa¬tional goals. At the early stages of speech therapy, the important goal of individual sessions with the majority of children with autism spectrum disorders is not speech development in itself but developing motivation for joint activities. To ensure successful interaction between an educator and a child, different techniques can be used, including those that are not typical for speech therapy sessions, for example, sculpturing as a preferred activity with enjoyable sensory input. The article describes tips for developing rapport with children with autistic disorders, and a strategy for involving them in joint activities and further development of their speech.

Case report: a child with cystic fibrosis and phenylketonuria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Irina V. Vakhlova ◽  
Anastasia D. Kazachina ◽  
Olga A. Beglyanina
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Neonatal Screening ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Inherited Disorders ◽  
Congenital Diseases

Background. In the international clinical practice there have been occasional reports of phenylketonuria (PKU) and cystic fibrosis (CF) found simultaneously in the same patient. Both PKU and CF are the inherited disorders characterized by autosomal recessive type of inheritance. Currently the combination of two or more inherited disorders in one patient is considered to be a clinical rarity.Case description. This is a clinical case of two genetic disorders, CF and PKU, combined in a 5-year old patient who had been followed up since birth. Owing to implementation of neonatal screening for inherited and congenital diseases into clinical practice, during the first month of life the infant was diagnosed with CF (diagnostically significant elevation of immunoreactive trypsin [IRT] at the initial [163.2 ng/mL] and repeat testing on day 21 of life [138.7 ng/mL]) and PKU (phenylalanine [PA] level 15.9 mg/dL). Both disorders have been confirmed by genetic tests, i.e., homozygous DelF508 mutation was found in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, and P281L mutation in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene was also present in homozygous state. Child’s parents strictly adhered to dietary and treatment recommendations. By the age of 5 years the child developed symptoms of neurological disorder and disorder of the respiratory system, cognitive impairment and delay in speech development, subclinical epileptiform activity with high risk of epilepsy, and chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract.Conclusion. This case report demonstrates the important role of neonatal screening in early diagnosis and timely start of therapy, and underscores the importance of continuous medication in such genetic disorders as CF and PKU. On the whole, such approach brings about a relative preservation of functioning of the most affected organs and systems. By the age of 5 years the child does not form bronchiectases, shows no signs of chronic hypoxia, nutritional deficiency or pronounced neurologic deficit, and is at low risk for the development of autism spectrum disorder. At the same time, the larger scale and longer-term observations are required in order to make the unequivocal conclusions about the prognosis of these diseases under conditions of modern-day medical follow-up.

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