scholarly journals SOCJOKULTUROWY ASPEKT POWITAŃ W JĘZYKU SUAHILI

AFRYKA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (50) ◽  
pp. 99-116
Author(s):  
Beata Wójtowicz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Primary Language ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
African Languages ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Discourse Strategies ◽  
Language Context

The Socio-Cultural Context of Greetings in Swahili1 Today most linguists agree that language and culture are tightly connected. It is also argued that in order to communicate successfully, we need to achieve a level of socio-cultural competence along with an ability to use the grammar and the lexicon of a particular language. There are many kinds of cultural norms and values that one has to obey, as there may be fundamental communication and discourse differences between one language and another. This paper is primarily concerned with some issues of discourse strategies and pragmatics of African languages. While the study focuses on greeting practices among the Swahili, it also investigates how learners acquire the pragmatics of Swahili greetings in a foreign language context, and how Swahili, as a language of wider communication, is infl uenced by cultural norms and values of its speakers, for whom Swahili is not a primary language.

scholarly journals Cultural Norms of Greetings in the African Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 171-187
Author(s):  
Beata Wojtowicz
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
African Languages ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Verbal Behaviour ◽  
African Context ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
Main Factors

Knowledge of a foreign language facilitates communication. In order to be fluent in a foreign language, it is not enough to learn its words and grammatical rules, but one has to also be aware that there are additional, culture-bound norms that govern communication practices among various language groups. Even if one is not fluent in a foreign language, it is possible to make communication successful by applying appropriate non-verbal behaviour. In this article, I present communicative culture-related greeting rules among different African communities. I focus on the main factors that govern acts of greeting in different African languages.

scholarly journals Introduction

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Soraya Tremayne
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
The Face

Abstract The introduction to this issue has two strands. First, it contextualises the articles, which address kinship from varied perspectives, and situates them in their broader cultural context. Second, it adopts a comparative perspective by differentiating between the present articles with those published a decade earlier on the same themes in this journal, to examine whether, how and to what extent kinship has changed in the face of modernity, globalisation, wars, migrations and political change. It concludes that, compared with a decade ago, kinship has not only not weakened, but it has revived further and penetrated other institutions beyond family, or called upon to ensure and protect the continuity of cultural norms and values, from the threats paused by modernity and by the global, cultural and political invasions.

Cultural Customs Learning and Intercultural Communication

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Xiaochi Zhang ◽  
Jinjing ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Foreign Language Learning ◽  
Native People ◽  
Component Part ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Foreign Language Learners

Cultural customs learning should be a component part of foreign language learning. Cultural customs have very important functions in intercultural communication, which influence the people’s behaviors and ways in special cultural context, and even essential conditions that people from different cultural backgrounds make better and smoother intercultural communication. However, foreign language learners often overlooked learning cultural customs and misunderstood cultural customs, so that they always made unsuccessful intercultural communication with the native people. In this article, the author takes a Chinese character “Fu” for an example, elaborates a real story that the author experienced in person more than ten years ago and analyzes the relationships between language and culture, and then discusses about the important effects of cultural customs in intercultural communication and adaptation. Finally, the author gives some suggestions of how to adapt to a new culture, especially a new cultural custom in order to have a better understanding one new culture and have a good communication with the native people.

Being sensitive to the culture: challenges in researching sensitive topics in an Asian culture

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arosha S. Adikaram
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sensitive Topics ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
The Many ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how the particular culture within which research is conducted and its norms and values can give rise to additional challenges and complications for the researcher when the research area is sensitive in nature. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on research on sexual harassment of working women in Sri Lanka, the researcher engages in self and methodological reflections to elucidate the many challenges faced. Findings Carrying out sensitive research in an Asian cultural context, with various stereotyping cultural norms, values and beliefs can give rise to additional culture-specific challenges for the researcher, even when the researcher is a cultural insider. How these cultural complexities influence the manner in which the participants respond to data collection and the manner in which the researcher is seen and understood by others are explained. Strategies to overcome these challenges are discussed in light of the cultural competencies propose by Deardorff and Sewyer et al. Practical implications The paper highlights the need for researchers engaged in sensitive research to carefully plan and conduct their research, being mindful not only to the sensitive nature of the topic, but also to the cultural edifices and ethos. Originality/value The influence of cultural context in conducting sensitive research is not sufficiently addressed. Culture-specific challenges that can arise in cultures outside the West, such as Asia, have specifically being neglected. This paper addresses this knowledge gap by focusing on the culture-specific challenges faced by researchers, whether they are cultural insiders or outsiders.

scholarly journals Language in Multicultural Society

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Dr. Neerja Samajdar
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Target Culture

Learning a language, is not only learning sounds, alphabets and grammar, but it also means learning the customs and cultural norms. We all grow up in social circles, we informally learn how to use language expressions, gestures, tones. We get to learn the acceptable behaviors or language use in our society. We all speak Languages. We all imbibe Cultures. Language expresses a particular meaning that represents the culture of a particular social group. We interact with a language and culture becomes its reference point. Krober(1923) expresses, "Culture, then, began when speech was present, and from then on, the enrichment of either means the further development of the others". Hence, language and culture are complex, yet inseparable form of human interactions. Culture is complexly intertwined with language. Human interactions are defined as communication. The communicative force of culture works not only in representing aspects of reality, but also in connecting one context with another. According to the linguistic relativity principle, the way we think about the world, gets influenced by the language we use to express it and vice versa. Therefore, consciously or unconsciously, we show certain behaviors and carry certain language habits which are deeply rooted in our culture. Thus learning a language means learning and adopting that culture.   This paper deals with this very relationship of language and culture with a cross-cultural interaction, how teaching and learning a foreign language plays a role in learning the target culture. This paper will make recommendations for effective culture education in foreign language classroom to develop intercultural competence.

scholarly journals Realizations of Conceptual Metaphors of ANGER in Arabic, Russian and English: A Contrastive Corpus-Based Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Mervat Albufalasa ◽  
Yulia Vorobeva ◽  
Yulia Vorobeva
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Compare And Contrast

Conceptual metaphors are often analyzed out of context. Nevertheless, the crucial role of context is evident as metaphors do not only transmit specific entailment of particular concepts, but they also reflect cultural and social characteristics. At the same time, one cannot deny that conceptualization is involved in the interpretation of various cultural models and conceptual metaphors. The purpose of the current research was to analyze conceptual metaphors of ANGER in Arabic, Russian and English. The current study employed a contrastive corpus-based approach to compare and contrast the conceptual metaphors of ANGER in the aforementioned languages. The outcomes of this research study contributed immensely to the existing literature on conceptual metaphors analysis as there are almost no previous researches done in the field comparing three languages belonging to different language groups. The study found that the Arabic language demonstrated the highest tendency towards conceptual metaphors formation out of the three languages. The study confirmed that cultural context played a significant role in the formation of conceptual metaphors, and it also proved that due to different cultural environments, some metaphors are unique by nature and can be present only in a particular language. It can be concluded that conceptual metaphors of ANGER are not a universal concept, and cultural norms and values make this concept non-identical in the aforementioned languages.

scholarly journals The Role of Cultural Competence in the Teaching of Hungarian as a Foreign Language and in Cultural Diplomacy

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 350-357
Author(s):  
Erika Sólyom
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Foreign Language Learning ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Study Abroad Programs ◽  
Resource Center ◽  
Shed Light

In the present paper, I aim to shed light on the importance of cultural competence from three perspectives. First, in my capacity as a sociolinguist, I will talk about how Hungarian culture is incorporated in the textbook "Colloquial Hungarian" (Rounds and Sólyom 2011), providing particular examples from various dialogues and cultural notes from the book. I believe that linguistic competence, communicative competence, and cultural competence are equally important parts of foreign language teaching and foreign language learning. Second, as a foreign language instructor at U.S. study abroad programs, I plan to discuss the importance of cultural norms of the speakers of the local language in the host country. Third, as a director of an American cultural and resource center in Budapest, I will talk about the importance of building bridges between two cultures, describing the goals and missions of the center as well as giving specific examples of the activities of the American Corner Budapest.

scholarly journals Differences between Israeli Jewish and Arabs mothers in parental self-efficacy: A cultural perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Vered Ben David ◽  
◽  
Anwar Khatib ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Married Mothers ◽  
High Level

Parental self-efficacy (PSE) is a key to the child-parent relationship. It reflects parents’ self-perception of their ability to perform parenting tasks successfully and a high level of parental self-efficacy is associated with positive child outcomes. The literature on cultural differences regarding PSE is scant. This study applied a cultural perspective and examined differences between Arab and Jewish mothers with regard to PSE and associated factors such as marital satisfaction, social support, wellbeing and stress. Based on a sample of 170 married mothers in Israel, it revealed that Arab mothers experienced a higher degree of PSE, marital satisfaction and wellbeing, as well as lower stress, than Jewish mothers. PSE among Arab mothers was predicted by marital satisfaction and stress. Among Jewish mothers, PSE was predicted by stress and wellbeing as well as financial indicators. The paper discusses the findings from a cultural perspective, focusing on the experience of parenting in an Arab, collective, traditional and patriarchic society compared to parenting in a Jewish, individualistic, liberal society. The study concludes that it is important to consider the cultural context of parenting to the sense of parental efficacy and to understand the cultural norms and values of individuals whose parenting capacity comes under assessment. Based on the findings it was suggested that family therapy or spousal therapy may provide benefit to Arab mothers who report a low level of PSE. For Jewish mothers, alleviating financial hardship and providing material help could provide similar benefits, in addition to lowering the mother’s level of stress. Limitations of the study as well as future studies directions were also discussed.

scholarly journals PRAGMATICS OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIONS IN STUDYING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S SIMAKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Intercultural Communications ◽  
Intercultural Exchange ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
Observation Method

Purpose: justification of a pragmatic approach in the study of Russian as a foreign language. Methods . Linguoculturological analysis provides insight into the interaction and interdependence of language and culture in speech behaviour, supplemented by the observation method, which makes it possible to describe various aspects and phenomena in intercultural exchange, and by the discursive method, which reveals the dynamism of their mutual influence. Findings. Mutual intelligibility as the basis of intercultural exchange is based on the qualitative communication indicators, which ensure the openness, accessibility and clarity of the communicative intentions of the parties involved. Conscious entry into the zone of common meanings suggests reaching agreement while preserving the cultural identity of the participants. The pragmatic approach to the study of Russian as a foreign language consists in the formation of strategic planning skills for speech behaviour that correlates communication needs, speech competencies and cultural phenomena significant for communication. Conclusions. The study of the communication phenomenon theoretically justifies the adaptation of students to various situations of intercultural exchange. The search for a communicative solution requires guidelines for speech behaviour, which the student draws from the social and cultural context. Cultural phenomena are not only the subject of the study, but they also develop communication skills in terms of their application in various situations. The use of speech genres that are actively prevalent in the world culture in studying facilitates the achievement of mutual intelligibility, contributing to the independent strategic planning of speech behaviour, taking into account own communication needs.

Klára Buzássyová V Kontexte Sémantizácie Slovenskej Lexiky Cudzincom

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 616-625
Author(s):  
Jana Pekarovičová
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Summer School ◽  
European Language ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Slovak Language

Abstract This paper deals with the characteristics of the scientific research of the renowned Slovak linguist Klára Buzássyová who – as a lecturer at the Studia Academica Slovaca summer school of Slovak language and culture – presented to foreign students the specifics of Slovak lexis and their function in speech within the context of intraand interlingual relationships. In her lectures, she helped students to see Slovak as a developped and modern Central European language which has its own genetic and typological properties and as a language capable of reacting to dynamic changes emerging from the communication needs of language users while respecting current trends in European language policy. Klára Buzássyová presented students with the latest results of her linguistic research and discussed the issues regarding the dynamics of vocabulary with an emphasis on the methods of wordformation, motivation, and the impact on the semantic and stylistic value of lexical units. Her papers, published in the Studia Academica Slovaca proceedings from 1980 to 2001 presented her scientific orientation and became an inspiration for the linguistic and didactic conception of Slovak as a foreign language in the context of the development of Slovak studies in Slovakia as well as abroad.

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