scholarly journals Effects of Acetyl Acetone on Growth and Zinc Uptake by Drumstick (Moringa Oleifera) Seedlings Replanted in Hydroponic Solutions

2019 ◽  
pp. 232-238
Author(s):  
Dagari M. S. ◽  
Badamasi H ◽  
Wada A. H
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Zinc Uptake ◽  
Acetyl Acetone ◽  
Zn Uptake ◽  
Hydroponic Solution ◽  
Dose Dependent

The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of acetyl acetone on Zinc (Zn) uptake and growth of Drumstick (Moringa oleifera) plants. Thirty seedlings were raised in hydroponic solution containing varied concentrations of Zn and acetyl acetone. The results showed a significant (p>0.05) change in weights of the plants when concentrations of Zn and acetyl acetone were added. Plants grown in treated hydroponics died before control plants. Zn uptake and accumulation were dose dependent with respect to addition of both Zn and acetyl acetone. The translocation factor decreased highly insignificantly (P>0.05) at lower concentration of Zn and significant at higher concentration in treated plants compared to control. The chlorophyll, carotenoid and proline content were severely decreased after addition of Zn and acetyl acetone, inducing toxicity symptoms. Thus, acetyl acetone did not play any significant role in alleviating Zn-induced toxicity.

scholarly journals Impact of Acetyl Acetone on Zinc Uptake and Oxidative Stress in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-120
Author(s):  
Usman Bashir Mahmud ◽  
Ishaq Yahaya Lawan ◽  
M. S. Dagari
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Zinc Uptake ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Acetyl Acetone ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Zinc Translocation

The purpose of this research is to determine the impacts of acetyl acetone on zinc uptake and oxidative stress in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seedlings grown in hydroponic solutions. Thirty seedlings of cucumber were collected from Kura local government area Kano, Kano state. Concentrations of Zn2+ in the hydroponics were varied from 0.000 to 0.025 mol dm-3 and of acetyl acetone were also varied from 0.000 to 0.025 mol dm-3. The seedlings were replanted and kept at Department of Agriculture Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil garden. The weight of plants increased significantly (p<0.05) with concentration of Zn2+ in the absence of acetyl acetone and highly insignificantly (p>0.05) with concentration of acetyl acetone in the absence of Zn2+. In the presence of acetyl acetone and Zn2+ plant weight decreased highly insignificant (p>0.05). Leaf fall was observed from plants in all hydroponic, the number of falling leaves was insignificant (p>0.05) with concentration of Zn2+ but it is insignificant (p>0.05) with concentration of acetyl acetone and highly insignificant in the presence of acetyl acetone and Zn2+ (p>0.05). The volume of the solution decreased highly significant (p<0.05) with concentration of Zn2+ and significant with concentration of acetyl acetone (p<0.05) the volume also increased insignificantly in the presence of acetyl acetone and Zn2+ (p>0.05). The pH values of treated hydroponics before replanting and after harvest were insignificant with increased in the concentration of Zn2+ (p>0.05). Both shoot and root zinc accumulated were insignificant at lower concentration of Zn2+ (p>0.05) and significant at higher concentration of Zn2+ (p<0.05). The zinc translocation factor decreased highly insignificantly (p>0.05) at lower concentration of Zn2+ and significant at higher concentration of Zn2+ (p>0.05) in treated plants compared to control. The chlorophyll, carotenoid and proline content varied in the presence and absence of acetyl acetone and or combination of the two, with (p<0.05) or (p>0.05).

scholarly journals A Pilot Study on Antimalarial Effects of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract in Plasmodium berghei Infection in Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Somrudee NAKINCHAT ◽  
Voravuth SOMSAK
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Dose Dependent

The emergence and spread of antimalarial drug resistance of Plasmodium parasites, as well as hypoglycemia, during malaria infection, and subsequent death, are critical problems in malaria-endemic areas. Hence, finding new compounds, especially plant extracts having antimalarial and anti-hypoglycemic activities, are urgently needed. The present study aimed to investigate the antimalarial and anti-hypoglycemic effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in Plasmodium berghei infection in mice. Aqueous crude extract of M. oleifera leaves was freshly prepared and used for an efficacy test in vivo. Groups of ICR mice (5 mice in each) were infected with 1´107 infected red blood cells of P. berghei ANKA by intraperitoneal injection and given the extract orally with doses of 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg for 4 consecutive days. Parasitemia and plasma glucose levels were subsequently measured. The results showed that M. oleifera leaf extract presented significant (p < 0.001) inhibition of parasitemia in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, this extract exerted anti-hypoglycemia effects in infected mice in a dose-dependent manner. The highest degrees of activity were found at a dose of 1000 mg/kg of the extract. Additionally, no effect on plasma glucose was found in normal mice treated with this extract. It can be concluded that aqueous crude extract of M. oleifera leaves exerted antimalarial and anti-hypoglycemic effects in P. berghei infection in mice.

Cadmium and Zinc Uptake by Two Species of Aquatic Invertebrate Predators from Dietary and Aqueous Sources

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaas R. Timmermans ◽  
Elly Spijkerman ◽  
Marcel Tonkes ◽  
Harrie Govers
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Period ◽  
Zinc Uptake ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Chironomid Larvae ◽  
Zn Uptake ◽  
Invertebrate Predators ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Freshwater Invertebrate ◽  
Caddisfly Larvae ◽  
Free Metal

Cadmium and Zn uptake rates via food and water were determined under laboratory conditions for two species of freshwater invertebrate predators. Water mites (Limnesia maculata) and caddisfly larvae (Mystacides spp.) were exposed for 4 wk to either contaminated chironomid larvae (Chironomus riparius, 288–639 μg Cd∙g−1 or 778–1152 μg Zn∙g−1) or contaminated water (0.1 mg Cd∙L−1 or 1.0 mg Zn∙L−1). Cadmium was readily accumulated in the two species from both dietary and aqueous sources. A clear difference between exposed and untreated organisms was established. Zinc uptake was generally lower than that of Cd, resulting in small differences between exposed and nonexposed organisms. Cadmium uptake from food and Zn uptake from water dominated in both species. It is concluded that, in addition to uptake of free metal ions from aqueous sources, invertebrate predators can accumulate trace metals from their food. This is an underestimated source of contamination for freshwater invertebrate predators. Changes in internal metal concentrations in the predators are described with a first-order one-compartment uptake model. This model was appropriate where steady-state conditions were approached. When uptake continued throughout the experimental period, uptake rate constants were estimated using linear regression.

scholarly journals Heavy metal constituent of medicinal plants: a case study of Moringa oleifera Lam. from selected areas in Accra, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Michael Lartey ◽  
Samuel Frimpong-Manso ◽  
Prince Osei Banahene ◽  
Adolphina Addo-Lartey ◽  
Nathaniel N A Okine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Background: Anthropogenic activities release metals into the environment that could be absorbed by plants and assimilate into herbal medicines. Objective: This study sought to correlate the outcome of anthropogenic activities that release metals into the environment with levels of metals in medicinal plants using the leaves of Moringa oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera)as a case study. Methods: Leaves of M. oleifera and soil around sampled plants were collected from three locations in the Accra Metropolis: a commercial area, an area with dense vehicular traffic, and a quasi-natural habitat. Samples were analyzed with Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectroscopy for the presence and levels of arsenic (As), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn). Statistical analyses were performed and the correlation between metal concentrations in leaves and soil was assessed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Results: Levels of metals in the leaves and soil samples varied with the site of sample collection. Levels of metals in leaves were significantly lower than permissible limits (p< 0.05) in herbal medicines. Translocation factor (TF) estimates indicated that the M. oleifera leaves exclude the metals under investigation irrespective of the site of collection. However, the TF > 1 in the case of Zn from the quasi-natural habitat signifying bioaccumulation in the leaves. Except forCo, the total concentration of each metal in the soil was not correlated with its concentration in the leaves. Conclusion: The concentration of sampled metals in the leaves and soil varied with the site of sampling and potentially with the anthropogenic activities that release metals into that environment.

scholarly journals Physiological characteristics of two accessions of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) at different planting sites in Madura

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Catur Wasonowati ◽  
Endang Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Didik Indradewa ◽  
Budiastuti Kurniasih
Keyword(s):  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Climate Classification ◽  
Climate Type ◽  
Purple Leaf ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Moringa plants grow in Sumenep with semi-intensive planting at the moor and several planting sites. Sumenep is one of the districts in Madura Island, which is categorized as a dry area based on the Oldeman climate classification. Based on the color of the leaf stalk, moringa plants growing in Sumenep area are categorized as green and purple moringa. The study aimed to examine the differences in physiological characteristics of two accession of moringa plants at different planting sites in Madura. The study was arranged in Oversite Sub-sampling Design with planting site as first factor consisting of Bluto with E5 climate type and Guluk-guluk with D3 climate type. Meanwhile, the second factor was the type of moringa consisting of moringa with green and purple leaf stalks. The results showed that the different planting sites represented the differences in environmental elements, which influenced the physiological characteristics of moringa plants. Based on the observation in September 2016, moringa plants with green stalks planted in Guluk-guluk had high ANR content. The stomatal opening on moringa leaves with green stalks was larger than that on moringa plants with purple stalks, whereas ANR content in green-stalked moringa was lower than in the purple-stalked ones. Meanwhile, in February 2017, the purple-stalked moringa plants planted at Bluto had the highest transpiration rate and proline content compared to the others.

scholarly journals Use-dependent plasticity explains aftereffects in visually guided locomotor learning of a novel step length asymmetry

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Wood ◽  
Hyosub E. Kim ◽  
Margaret A. French ◽  
Darcy S. Reisman ◽  
Susanne M. Morton
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Visually Guided ◽  
Important Process ◽  
Dependent Plasticity ◽  
Sensory Prediction ◽  
Dose Dependent

Use-dependent plasticity, or learning from repetition, is an important process for upper extremity reaching tasks, but its contribution to walking is not well established. Here, we demonstrate the existence of a dose-dependent, use-dependent process during visually guided treadmill walking. We also show that sensory prediction errors, previously thought to drive aftereffects in similar locomotor learning paradigms, do not appear to play a significant role in visually driven learning of a novel step asymmetry during treadmill walking.

The Study on the Heavy Metal Concentrations and Translocations in Moringa Oleifera (Moringaceae) Plants and Soil of Potiskum Metropolis, North Eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
M. A Dahiru
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Heavy Metals Pollution ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

In recent times, the heavy metals pollution in the environment through soil, plant and air has increasingly gathered global concern. The aims of this study is to determine the heavy metals concentrations in the root, stems and leaves of Moringa oleifera plants and the soil sample of Potiskum metropolis as the plant is widely getting popularity and acceptance for used medicinally to cure different ailments in humans and also to compute the translocation factor from different sites. The heavy metals such as (lead, cadmium, zinc and iron) were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry method. Results from different sample of M. oleifera showed the highest mean concentrations of the following heavy metals from different parts of M. oleifera , for cadmium root (Jigawa Cd= 0.007±0.001 ppm),lead leaves (Nahuta Pb = 0.100 ±0.021 ppm), Zinc and Iron from the leaves and stem of samples (Arikeme Zn = 0.063±0.001 ppm and Fe =2.464±2.393ppm) respectively. Also, the soil samples, with the highest mean concentrations of cadmium and lead was obtained from Jigawa soil and were (Cd = 0.007±0.000 ppm and Pb = 0.080±0.009 ppm) respectively. Also for the Zinc and Iron recorded at Mamudo soils were (Zn =0.032±0.014 ppm and Fe= 5.468±0.753 ppm) respectively. Moreover, the translocation factor (Tf ), for the Cd in all the study areas were recorded (Tf ≤1) except in Jigawa (Tf ≥1), the lead Tf values reported for all study sites was (Tf < 1) and that of Arikeme site (Tf ≥1). While for the Zn and Fe Tf values of all study sites were recorded reciprocal as (Tf ≥1) and (Tf ≤1) respectively. It was concluded that the heavy metals in M. oleifera plants and soil samples of all the study areas are safe for humans as outlined by FAO/WHO.

scholarly journals Control of zinc homeostasis in Agrobacterium tumefaciens via zur and the zinc uptake genes znuABC and zinT

Microbiology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 160 (11) ◽  
pp. 2452-2463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakkarin Bhubhanil ◽  
Panida Sittipo ◽  
Paweena Chaoprasid ◽  
Sumontha Nookabkaew ◽  
Rojana Sukchawalit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Zinc Uptake ◽  
Zinc Homeostasis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Transporter Family ◽  
Zinc Depletion ◽  
Zinc Uptake Regulator ◽  
Dose Dependent

The Agrobacterium tumefaciens zinc uptake regulator (Zur) was shown to negatively regulate the zinc uptake genes znuABC, encoding a zinc transport system belonging to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family, and zinT, which encodes a periplasmic zinc-binding protein. The expression of znuABC and zinT was inducible when cells were grown in medium containing a metal chelator (EDTA), and this induction was shown to be specific for zinc depletion. The expression of znuABC was reduced in response to increased zinc in a dose-dependent manner, and zinT had a less pronounced but similar pattern of zinc-regulated expression. The inactivation of zur led to constitutively high expression of znuABC and zinT. In addition, a zur mutant had an increased total zinc content compared to the WT NTL4 strain, whereas the inactivation of zinT caused a reduction in the total zinc content. The zinT gene is shown to play a dominant role and to be more important than znuA and znuB for A. tumefaciens survival under zinc deprivation. ZinT can function even when ZnuABC is inactivated. However, mutations in zur, znuA, znuB or zinT did not affect the virulence of A. tumefaciens.

scholarly journals Antipuritive Effect of Aqueous Root Extracts of Moringa oliefera on Alcohol-induced Haematoxicity in Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Grace Ekpo ◽  
Eteng Ofem ◽  
Stella Bassey ◽  
Kenyoh Abam ◽  
Iwara Arikpo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Aqueous Root Extract

Aim: The study is aimed at investigating the antinutritive effects of aqueous root extract of Moringa oleifera on haematological indices following sub-chronic consumption of alcohol in Wistar rats. Methods and Materials: Thirty (30) experimental rats weighing 100-120 g were randomly divided into 6 groups of 5 rats each. Group 1, the normal control group was given just rat feed and water, group 2, negative control was administered alcohol only (1.5 ml/kg body weight), rats in group 3, 4 and 5 received combined administration of alcohol 1.5 ml/kg body weight and 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight of aqueous root extract of Moringa oleifera respectively, group 6 rats were administered 250 mg/body weight of extract only. At the end of fourteen days (14) the experimental rats were then sacrificed, and blood was collected for haematological analysis. Results: The result obtained shows a dose-dependent response in almost all the parameters, white blood cell (WBC) count increases significantly(P<0.05) with 600 mg/kg while dose 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/g shows no significant change. Red blood cells (RBC) decreases non-significantly (P<0.05) with increased amount of aqueous Moringa root extract.  Likewise, there was also a dose-dependent decrease in the haematological count and more noticeable with 200 mg/kg dose. It was also observed that mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) increases in all the treatment groups with significant observed in 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg. The increase in alcohol can bring about suppression of the blood cells production, enhance if there is reduction in the red blood cells, it, therefore, implies that the will be reduction in the oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cells, that would be carried to the tissues as well as the level of carbon dioxide returned to the lungs. Also, the PCV is involved in the transport of oxygen and absorption of the nutrient. Therefore, increase in PCV, shows a better transportation and thus results in an increase in both primary and secondary polycythemias. Conclusion: This research work shows that the plant extract contains some bioactive component or phytochemical constituents that are capable of ameliorating the toxicity effect of alcohol on animal models.

Study of the antiallergic activity of the leaves of Moringa oleifera (moringaceae) in the albino mouse Mus musculus

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 042-052
Author(s):  
OUATTARA-SORO Fatou Shcherazade ◽  
ACRAY-ZENGBE Pétronille ◽  
ZAHOUI Christian Michel Vianney ◽  
ABIZI Georges
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Antiallergic Activity ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Tools ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Different Doses

Allergic diseases are constantly growing, however the efficiency of classical treatments is not total. Thus, new therapeutic tools are considered such as phytotherapy. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effect of the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera in mice. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of poly terpenes/sterols, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids but also the absence of quinones and saponosides. The acute toxicity study at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight (bw) by the oral route revealed that the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera is not toxic and would have an oral LD50 greater than to 2000 mg/kg bw. The anti-allergic effect of Moringa oleifera leaf Total Aquous Extract (E.T.A.) was evaluated by observing the number of scratching in allergic mice treated orally with two different doses of this extract. A reduction of the number of scratching in mice treated with the extract was observed. This was confirmed by hematological analysis where a considerable increase in the number of immune cells and a decrease in the recruitment of these cells to inflammatory sites were observed. This confirms that the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera has a dose-dependent antiallergic activity

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