scholarly journals Data analysis of two-dimensional ground penetration radar profiles in three-dimensional space to study of underground objects

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duy Hoàng Đặng ◽  
Cường Văn Anh Lê ◽  
Trung Hoài Đặng ◽  
Vấn Thành Nguyễn
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Ground Penetration Radar ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

The Ground Penetrating Radar can be effectively applied in ground surface exploration geophysics. Underground anomalies are shown in the ground penetratingradar slices in the form of signals having similarity in amplitude and phase. Typically, each point-scattering object can be seen as a form of hyperbola. During the Ground Penetrating Radar measurement in an urban environment, the data including information of high frequency electromagnetic waveforms were easily affected by civil noise (human activities, etc.). Shielded antennas could help to eliminate mostly the civil noise, but processing and analysis of the data were still difficult because of attenuation of electromagnetic waves and wave energy dispersion during their propagation in the ground environment. Due to the field geometry condition, 2D profiles were conducted. In order to analyze and interpret data effectively, we processed each 2D profile separately and located all the 2D profiles into the 3D dimensional space for enhancing the ability of illuminating potential 3D anomalies and confirming the reliability of the data interpretation. We studied the data measured at an industrial company at Nhon Trach district, Dong Nai province, Vietnam. Results from the data analysis of ground penetration radar reflected the object in three-dimensional space.

scholarly journals Study Effect of Objects Orientation in the Mediums On GPR Signal Reflections Using FDTD Simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Aye Mint Mohamed Mostapha ◽  
Gamil Alsharahi ◽  
Abdellah Driouach
Keyword(s):  
Finite Difference ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Propagation Path ◽  
Fdtd Simulation ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Dielectric Objects

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a very effective tool for detecting and identifying objects below the ground surface.  based on  the propagation and reflection of high-frequency electromagnetic waves. The GPR reflection can be affected by many things like the type of objects orientation, their shapes ..ect. The purpose of this paper is to  study by simulation the effect of objects orientation in two different mediums (dry and wet sand) on the GPR signal reflection using Reflexw software which is based on a numerical method known as finite difference in time domain (FDTD).  The simulations that have been realized included a conductor  and dielectric objects. The results obtained have led us to find that the propagation path, the reflection strength and the signal form change with the change of object orientation and nature. To confirm the validity of the results, we compared them with experimental results previously published by researchers under the same conditions.

scholarly journals ROTATING ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES IN TOROID-SHAPED REGIONS

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLAUDIA CHINOSI ◽  
LUCIA DELLA CROCE ◽  
DANIELE FUNARO
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Maxwell Equations ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Angular Speed ◽  
Vortex Rings ◽  
Bounded Region ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

Electromagnetic waves, solving the full set of Maxwell equations in vacuum, are numerically computed. These waves occupy a fixed bounded region of the three-dimensional space, topologically equivalent to a toroid. Thus, their fluid dynamics analogs are vortex rings. An analysis of the shape of the sections of the rings, depending on the angular speed of rotation and the major diameter, is carried out. Successively, spherical electromagnetic vortex rings of Hill's type are taken into consideration. For some interesting peculiar configurations, explicit numerical solutions are exhibited.

REFLECTION COEFFICIENT OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE IN CONDUCTIVE MEDIA

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
M. S. Sudakova ◽  
M. L. Vladov ◽  
M. R. Sadurtdinov
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Direct And Inverse Problems ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Ideal Dielectric

Within the ground penetrating radar bandwidth the medium is considered to be an ideal dielectric, which is not always true. Electromagnetic waves reflection coefficient conductivity dependence showed a significant role of the difference in conductivity in reflection strength. It was confirmed by physical modeling. Conductivity of geological media should be taken into account when solving direct and inverse problems, survey design planning, etc. Ground penetrating radar can be used to solve the problem of mapping of halocline or determine water contamination.

Extension of the Spatial PDI Model to Three Dimensions

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-178
Author(s):  
Frank O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Finite Lattice ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Density Index ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

The author's population density index ( PDI) model is extended to three-dimensional distributions. A derived formula is presented that allows for the calculation of the lower and upper bounds of density in three-dimensional space for any finite lattice.

A Peptoid with Extended Shape in Water

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumpei Morimoto ◽  
Yasuhiro Fukuda ◽  
Takumu Watanabe ◽  
Daisuke Kuroda ◽  
Kouhei Tsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biomolecular Recognition ◽  
Biological Application ◽  
New Class ◽  
Proteolytic Resistance ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Optically Pure ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

<div> <div> <div> <p>“Peptoids” was proposed, over decades ago, as a term describing analogs of peptides that exhibit better physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties than peptides. Oligo-(N-substituted glycines) (oligo-NSG) was previously proposed as a peptoid due to its high proteolytic resistance and membrane permeability. However, oligo-NSG is conformationally flexible and is difficult to achieve a defined shape in water. This conformational flexibility is severely limiting biological application of oligo-NSG. Here, we propose oligo-(N-substituted alanines) (oligo-NSA) as a new peptoid that forms a defined shape in water. A synthetic method established in this study enabled the first isolation and conformational study of optically pure oligo-NSA. Computational simulations, crystallographic studies and spectroscopic analysis demonstrated the well-defined extended shape of oligo-NSA realized by backbone steric effects. The new class of peptoid achieves the constrained conformation without any assistance of N-substituents and serves as an ideal scaffold for displaying functional groups in well-defined three-dimensional space, which leads to effective biomolecular recognition. </p> </div> </div> </div>

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