scholarly journals Development of a composite acellular tissue graft for musculoskeletal tissue engineering

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sarah Elizabeth Smith
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles ◽  
Musculoskeletal Tissue ◽  
Tissue Integration ◽  
Composite Grafts ◽  
Acellular Tissue

A composite acellular tissue graft comprised of decellularized tendon conjugated with nanomaterials has been developed for musculoskeletal tissue engineering applications. The focus of this dissertation is on the development of composite grafts derived from decellularized human tendon conjugated with gold nanoparticles and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles for use in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Gold nanoparticles are used to promote remodeling, cellularity, and biological incorporation of grafts. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles are used to promote osseointegration, cellularity, and to enhance the graft/bone interface. These composite grafts along with several other variations, were characterized in vitro using a variety of cell-based assays including cell viability, cell proliferation, and cell migration assays. Two in vivo studies were conducted. A green fluorescent protein (GFP) porcine model was investigated as a new method to evaluate host tissue integration into soft tissue grafts as well as the in vivo biocompatibility of subcutaneously implanted composite grafts. Results demonstrate biocompatibility and remodeling of composite grafts and the value of using the GFP model as a qualitative method for assessing host tissue integration. A rabbit ACL reconstruction model was used to investigate graft remodeling in addition to the overall viability of using composite grafts to serve as a functional ACL replacement. Results demonstrate successful replacement of ACLs using composite grafts with enhanced remodeling from the addition of nanoparticles. Overall, studies demonstrate the success and potential further application of using composite grafts for musculoskeletal tissue engineering applications. Future studies will include expanding development of variations of these composite materials to address additional clinical needs.

scholarly journals An overview of advanced biocompatible and biomimetic materials for creation of replacement structures in the musculoskeletal systems: focusing on cartilage tissue engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azizeh Rahmani Del Bakhshayesh ◽  
Nahideh Asadi ◽  
Alireza Alihemmati ◽  
Hamid Tayefi Nasrabadi ◽  
Azadeh Montaseri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Biomimetic Materials ◽  
Musculoskeletal Tissue ◽  
And Function

Abstract Tissue engineering, as an interdisciplinary approach, is seeking to create tissues with optimal performance for clinical applications. Various factors, including cells, biomaterials, cell or tissue culture conditions and signaling molecules such as growth factors, play a vital role in the engineering of tissues. In vivo microenvironment of cells imposes complex and specific stimuli on the cells, and has a direct effect on cellular behavior, including proliferation, differentiation and extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly. Therefore, to create appropriate tissues, the conditions of the natural environment around the cells should be well imitated. Therefore, researchers are trying to develop biomimetic scaffolds that can produce appropriate cellular responses. To achieve this, we need to know enough about biomimetic materials. Scaffolds made of biomaterials in musculoskeletal tissue engineering should also be multifunctional in order to be able to function better in mechanical properties, cell signaling and cell adhesion. Multiple combinations of different biomaterials are used to improve above-mentioned properties of various biomaterials and to better imitate the natural features of musculoskeletal tissue in the culture medium. These improvements ultimately lead to the creation of replacement structures in the musculoskeletal system, which are closer to natural tissues in terms of appearance and function. The present review article is focused on biocompatible and biomimetic materials, which are used in musculoskeletal tissue engineering, in particular, cartilage tissue engineering.

Preparation and performance evaluation of electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) composite scaffolds as a potential hard tissue engineering application

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 386-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moein Zarei ◽  
Nader Tanideh ◽  
Shahrokh Zare ◽  
Fatemeh Sari Aslani ◽  
Omid Koohi-Hosseinabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Tissue Engineering Application ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Hard Tissue Engineering

In the present study, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-based composite scaffolds were prepared with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles for hard tissue engineering applications by electrospinning. All the prepared scaffolds showed connective porous structure, which were suitable for cell proliferation and migration. The mechanical properties of the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) scaffold were improved by 0.5% of carbon nanotube addition, whereas the addition of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles up to 10% had an insignificant effect in tensile strength. However, scanning electron microscopy and MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay results suggested that the mesenchymal stem cells attachment and their metabolic activities on the surface of the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) scaffolds with hydroxyapatite were enhanced compared to poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) scaffolds. In addition, after 6 weeks of in vivo biocompatibility results in a model of rat indicated better tissue reactions for the scaffolds that contained hydroxyapatite. Overall, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) composite scaffolds with 10% hydroxyapatite and 0.5% carbon nanotube showed optimal performances for the potential scaffold for hard tissue engineering application.

scholarly journals Bletilla striata polysaccharide cryogel scaffold for spatial control of foreign-body reaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxi Chen ◽  
Huiqun Zhou ◽  
Daping Xie ◽  
Yiming Niu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Bletilla Striata ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Tissue Integration

Abstract Background Implantation of a biomaterial may induce the foreign-body reaction to the host tissue that determines the outcome of the integration and the biological performance of the implants. The foreign-body reaction can be modulated by control of the material properties of the implants. Methods First, we synthesized methacrylated Bletilla striata Polysaccharide (BSP-MA) and constructed a series of open porous cryogels utilizing this material via the freezing-thawing treatment of solvent-precursors systems. Second, Pore size and modulus were measured to characterize the properties of BSP cryogels. Live/dead staining of cells and CCK-8 were performed to test the cytocompatibility of the scaffolds. In addition, the Real-Time qPCR experiments were carried for the tests. Finally, the BSP scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously to verify the foreign-body reaction between host tissue and materials. Results Our data demonstrated that cryogels with different pore sizes and modulus can be fabricated by just adjusting the concentration. Besides, the cryogels showed well cytocompatibility in the in vitro experiments and exhibited upregulated expression levels of pro-inflammation-related genes (Tnfa and Il1b) with the increase of pore size. In vivo experiments further proved that with the increase of pore size, more immune cells infiltrated into the inner zone of materials. The foreign-body reaction and the distribution of immune-regulatory cells could be modulated by tuning the material microstructure. Conclusions Collectively, our findings revealed Bletilla striata polysaccharide cryogel scaffold with different pore sizes can spatially control foreign-body reaction. The microstructure of cryogels could differentially guide the distribution of inflammatory cells, affect the formation of blood vessels and fibrous capsules, which eventually influence the material-tissue integration. This work demonstrates a practical strategy to regulate foreign body reaction and promote the performance of medical devices.

Effect of Immunocompromising Therapy on In Vivo Cell Survival in Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
Sebastian E. Dunda ◽  
Laura K. Krings ◽  
Markus F. Ranker ◽  
Christoph Wruck ◽  
Sabien G. van Neerven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Musculoskeletal Tissue

scholarly journals Bletilla striata Polysaccharide Cryogel Scaffold for Spatial Control of Foreign-body Reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxi Chen ◽  
Huiqun Zhou ◽  
Daping Xie ◽  
Yiming Niu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Foreign Body Response ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Bletilla Striata ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Tissue Integration

Abstract BackgroundImplantation of a biomaterial may induce the foreign-body reaction to the host tissue that determines the outcome of the integration and the biological performance of the implant. The level of foreign-body reaction can be modulated by material properties.MethodsFirst, we synthesized methacrylated Bletilla striata Polysaccharide (BSP-MA) and constructed a series of open porous cryogels utilizing this material via the freezing-thawing treatment of solvent-precursors systems. Second, Pore size and rheology were measured to characterize the material properties of cryogels. Live/dead staining of cells and CCK-8 was performed to test the cytocompatibility of the scaffolds. In addition, the Real-Time qPCR experiments were carried for in vitro tests. Finally, the BSP scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously to verify the foreign-body reaction between host tissue and materials.ResultsOur data demonstrated that cryogels with different pore sizes and modulus can be fabricated by just adjusting the concentration. Besides, the cryogels show well cytocompatibility in the in vitro experiments and exhibited upregulated expression levels of pro-inflammation-related genes (Tnfa and Il1b) with the increase of pore size. In vivo experiments further proved that with the increase of pore size, more immune cells infiltrated into the inner zone of materials. The foreign-body reaction and the distribution of immune-regulatory cells could be modulated by tuning the material microstructure.ConclusionsCollectively, our findings revealed Bletilla striata polysaccharide cryogel scaffold with different pore sizes can spatially control foreign-body reaction. The microstructure of cryogels could differentially guide the distribution of inflammatory cells, affect the formation of blood vessels and fibrous capsules, which eventually influence the material-tissue integration. This work demonstrates a practical strategy to regulate foreign body response and promote the performance of medical devices.

scholarly journals Advances in Tendon and Ligament Tissue Engineering: Materials Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feras Alshomer ◽  
Camilo Chaves ◽  
Deepak M. Kalaskar
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Advanced Composite ◽  
Tissue Integration ◽  
Ligament Tissue Engineering

Introduction. Tendons are specialised, heterogeneous connective tissues, which represent a significant healthcare challenge after injury. Primary surgical repair is the gold standard modality of care; however, it is highly dependent on the extent of injuries. Tissue engineering represents an alternative solution for good tissue integration and regeneration. In this review, we look at the advanced biomaterial composites employed to improve cellular growth while providing appropriate mechanical properties for tendon and ligament repair. Methodology. Comprehensive literature searches focused on advanced composite biomaterials for tendon and ligament tissue engineering. Studies were categorised depending on the application. Results. In the literature, a range of natural and/or synthetic materials have been combined to produce composite scaffolds tendon and ligament tissue engineering. In vitro and in vivo assessment demonstrate promising cellular integration with sufficient mechanical strength. The biological properties were improved with the addition of growth factors within the composite materials. Most in vivo studies were completed in small-scale animal models. Conclusions. Advanced composite materials represent a promising solution to the challenges associated with tendon and ligament tissue engineering. Nevertheless, these approaches still demonstrate limitations, including the necessity of larger-scale animal models to ease future clinical translation and comprehensive assessment of tissue response after implantation.

scholarly journals A New Approach of In Vivo Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Using the Epigastric Artery as Central Core Vessel of a 3-Dimensional Construct

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sebastian E. Dunda ◽  
T. Schriever ◽  
C. Rosen ◽  
C. Opländer ◽  
R. H. Tolba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bioluminescence Imaging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Musculoskeletal Tissue ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Epigastric Artery ◽  
Artificial Tissue ◽  
The Matrix

The creation of musculoskeletal tissue represents an alternative for the replacement of soft tissue in reconstructive surgery. However, most of the approaches of creating artificial tissue have their limitations in the size as the maximally obtainable dimension of bioartificial tissue (BAT) is limited due to the lack of supporting vessels within the 3-dimensional construct. The seeded myoblasts require high amounts of perfusion, oxygen, and nutrients to survive. To achieve this, we developed a 3-dimensional scaffold which features the epigastric artery as macroscopic core vessel inside the BAT in a rat model (perfused group, ) and a control group () without the epigastric vessels and, therefore, without perfusion. The in vivo monitoring of the transplanted myoblasts was assessed by bioluminescence imaging and showed both the viability of the epigastric artery within the 3-dimensional construct and again that cell survival in vivo is highly depending on the blood supply with the beginning of capillarization within the BAT seven days after transplantation in the perfused group. However, further studies focussing on the matrix improvement will be necessary to create a transplantable BAT with the epigastric artery as anastomosable vessel.

scholarly journals Bioengineered 3D nanocomposite based on gold nanoparticles and gelatin nanofibers for bone regeneration: in vitro and in vivo study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Samadian ◽  
Hossein Khastar ◽  
Arian Ehterami ◽  
Majid Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
3D Scaffold ◽  
Matrix Polymer

AbstractThe main aim of the present study was to fabricate 3D scaffold based on poly (l-lactic acid) (PLLA)/Polycaprolactone (PCL) matrix polymer containing gelatin nanofibers (GNFs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as the scaffold for bone tissue engineering application. AuNPs were synthesized via the Turkevich method as the osteogenic factor. GNFs were fabricated by the electrospinning methods and implemented into the scaffold as the extracellular matrix mimicry structure. The prepared AuNPs and Gel nanofibers were composited by PLLA/PCL matrix polymer and converted to a 3D scaffold using thermal-induced phase separation. SEM imaging illustrated the scaffold's porous structure with a porosity range of 80–90% and a pore size range of 80 to 130 µm. The in vitro studies showed that the highest concentration of AuNPs (160 ppm) induced toxicity and 80 ppm AuNPs exhibited the highest cell proliferation. The in vivo studies showed that PCL/PLLA/Gel/80ppmAuNPs induced the highest neo-bone formation, osteocyte in lacuna woven bone formation, and angiogenesis in the defect site. In conclusion, this study showed that the prepared scaffold exhibited suitable properties for bone tissue engineering in terms of porosity, pore size, mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and osteoconduction activities.

Decellularized bone extracellular matrix in skeletal tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-764
Author(s):  
Benjamin B. Rothrauff ◽  
Rocky S. Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Skeletal Tissue ◽  
Large Bone

Bone possesses an intrinsic regenerative capacity, which can be compromised by aging, disease, trauma, and iatrogenesis (e.g. tumor resection, pharmacological). At present, autografts and allografts are the principal biological treatments available to replace large bone segments, but both entail several limitations that reduce wider use and consistent success. The use of decellularized extracellular matrices (ECM), often derived from xenogeneic sources, has been shown to favorably influence the immune response to injury and promote site-appropriate tissue regeneration. Decellularized bone ECM (dbECM), utilized in several forms — whole organ, particles, hydrogels — has shown promise in both in vitro and in vivo animal studies to promote osteogenic differentiation of stem/progenitor cells and enhance bone regeneration. However, dbECM has yet to be investigated in clinical studies, which are needed to determine the relative efficacy of this emerging biomaterial as compared with established treatments. This mini-review highlights the recent exploration of dbECM as a biomaterial for skeletal tissue engineering and considers modifications on its future use to more consistently promote bone regeneration.

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