scholarly journals Effects of reduced protein, amino acid supplemented diets on production and economic performance of commercial broilers fed from hatch to market age

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Elisângela Aparecida Guaiume
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Protein Amino Acid ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Breast Meat Yield ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein

Five studies were conducted to determine the effects of reduced crude protein (CP) of commercial boilers fed for further processing. In experiments(EXP) 1, 2, and 3, birds were fed diets with up to 1.5% reduction in CP. The results were consistent for the three experiments. Performance and meat yield were not affected by the decrease in CP, but abdominal pat pad yield increased as CP decreased. In EXP3 and 4, birds were fed diets with up to 2.1% decrease in CP. To EXP4, the lowest CP-diet(CT-2.1%) received supplementation of arginine(Arg), valine(Val), isoleucine(Ile), leucine(Leu), or a mixture of these four amino acids(All). In EXP4, a decrease in breast meat yield was observed when CT-2.1% was fed whereas in EXP5 there was no effect on breast meat yield, which may have been due to the fewer replicates utilized for EXP2. In EXP4, carcass yield decreased and supplementation with Ile/All recovered carcass yield.

scholarly journals Progress towards reduced-crude protein diets for broiler chickens and sustainable chicken-meat production

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Yun Liu ◽  
Shemil P. Macelline ◽  
Peter V. Chrystal ◽  
Peter H. Selle
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein

AbstractThe prime purpose of this review is to explore the pathways whereby progress towards reduced-crude protein (CP) diets and sustainable chicken-meat production may be best achieved. Reduced-CP broiler diets have the potential to attenuate environmental pollution from nitrogen and ammonia emissions; moreover, they have the capacity to diminish the global chicken-meat industry’s dependence on soybean meal to tangible extents. The variable impacts of reduced-CP broiler diets on apparent amino acid digestibility coefficients are addressed. The more accurate identification of amino acid requirements for broiler chickens offered reduced-CP diets is essential as this would diminish amino acid imbalances and the deamination of surplus amino acids. Deamination of amino acids increases the synthesis and excretion of uric acid for which there is a requirement for glycine, this emphasises the value of so-called “non-essential” amino acids. Starch digestive dynamics and their possible impact of glucose on pancreatic secretions of insulin are discussed, although the functions of insulin in avian species require clarification. Maize is probably a superior feed grain to wheat as the basis of reduced-CP diets; if so, the identification of the underlying reasons for this difference should be instructive. Moderating increases in starch concentrations and condensing dietary starch:protein ratios in reduced-CP diets may prove to be advantageous as expanding ratios appear to be aligned to inferior broiler performance. Threonine is specifically examined because elevated free threonine plasma concentrations in birds offered reduced-CP diets may be indicative of compromised performance. If progress in these directions can be realised, then the prospects of reduced-CP diets contributing to sustainable chicken-meat production are promising.

039 Comparison of the effects of reduced–crude protein, amino acid–supplemented diets on growth performance in swine

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. 17-18
Author(s):  
C. E. Vonderohe ◽  
K. M. Mills ◽  
M. D. Asmus ◽  
E. R. Otto-Tice ◽  
C. V. Maxwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Amino Acid ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein

scholarly journals Net energy levels of reduced crude protein, amino acid-supplemented diets for heavy pigs

2017 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia Fracaroli ◽  
Dani Perondi ◽  
Luan Sousa dos Santos ◽  
Welex Cândido da Silva ◽  
Alini Mari Veira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Protein Amino Acid ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein

scholarly journals Bioavailability of liquid methionine hydroxy analogue-free acid relative to DL-methionine in broilers

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1513-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Zelenka ◽  
Jaroslav Heger ◽  
Vlastislav Machander ◽  
Markus Wiltafsky ◽  
Martin Lešták
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Breast Meat Yield

An experiment with broiler chickens was conducted to compare the relative bioavailability of liquid methionine hydroxy analogue free acid (MHA-FA) with that of DL-methionine (DLM) during fattening to 35 days of age. Ross 308 male chicks were allotted to 9 treatments, each consisting of six replicates of 140 birds/pen. Four graded levels (0.04, 0.08, 0.16, and 0.28 %) of MHA-FA or DLM products (weight/weight comparison) were added to a maize-wheat-soyabean meal basal diet deficient in sulphur amino acids. The criteria of response were body weight, feed conversion ratio, carcass yield and breast meat yield. Significant responses to graded levels of both methionine sources were observed in all response criteria. Using a multi-exponential model describing the dose-response relationships, the bioavailability estimates of MHA-FA relative to DLM on a weight-to-weight basis were 68, 70, 54 and 59 % for body weight, feed conversion, carcass yield and breast meat yield, respectively. If MHA-FA was compared with DLM on equimolar basis its bioavailability was 77.7, 79.0, 59.3 and 64.6 for body weight, feed conversion, carcass yield and breast meat yield, respectively. The bioavailability of MHA-FA for carcass yield and breast meat yield was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of DLM on a weight-to-weight and on equimolar basis.

scholarly journals Carcass characteristics of broilers at 42 days receiving diets with phytase in different energy and crude protein levels

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Kaneo Nagata ◽  
Paulo Borges Rodrigues ◽  
Renata Ribeiro Alvarenga ◽  
Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimo ◽  
Daniella Carolina Zanardo Donato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein

The aim of this study was to evaluate carcass characteristics and quality of breast meat after the inclusion of phytase in broiler diets with different levels of apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) corrected for nitrogen and reduced crude protein (CP) supplemented with essential amino acids following the concept of ideal protein. A total of 1,500 Cobb broilers from 22 to 42 days (initial weight of 833 ± 7 g and final weight of 2741 ± 48 g) were distributed in completely randomized design in a factorial 3x3+1 experiment (three levels of AMEn - 2,950; 3,100 and 3,250 kcal/kg - and three levels of CP - 14, 16 and 18% - and an additional treatment - control without phytase, with 3,100 kcal/kg EMAn, 19.2% PB and 0.4% available phosphorus), in six replications of 25 birds each. At the end of the trial, two birds of each experimental unit were slaughtered in order to measure carcass yield and yields of parts and to determine the chemical composition of the breast meat. The levels of AMEn and CP of diets with phytase influenced (P<0.05) the carcass, breast and abdominal fat yield and humidity, protein and fat percentage in the pectoralis major muscle of the birds. The levels of 3,100 kcal AMEn/kg and 18% CP showed higher carcass and breast yield and lower abdominal fat deposition, although with higher fat percentage in the breast meat. It was concluded that the manipulation of the energy levels of diets with reduced crude protein supplemented with amino acids and phytase influenced the yields of parts of carcass and the breast meat quality of the broilers at 42 days.

The effect of dietary lysine and methionine concentrations on the growth characteristics and breast meat yields of Australian broiler chickens

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gorman ◽  
D Balnave
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Standing Committee ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Breast Meat Yield ◽  
Indispensable Amino Acids ◽  
Finisher Diets

Two experiments were conducted with an Australian broiler strain to determine the optimum dietary lysine and methionine concentrations for growth and breast meat yield. In the first experiment, supplementing lysine to 14.1 and 13.0 g/kg in combination with methionine supplemented to 6.2 and 5.3 g/kg in starter and finisher diets respectively, resulted in significant improvements in breast meat yield with no effect on growth rate. Increasing the crude protein concentration by increasing the concentrations of all indispensable amino acids to balance the additional lysine and methionine supplements improved weight gain but gave no further improvement in breast meat yield. In the second experiment, dietary concentrations of 13.1 and 12.5 g lysine/kg and 6.5 and 5.1 g methionine/kg in starter and finisher diets respectively, were found to support optimum liveweight gain when supplemented individually. A further study was conducted to confirm that the ranges in age and bodyweight at which breast meat yield was measured had no significant effect on breast meat yield. The optimum dietary concentrations of lysine and methionine observed in these studies are higher than those recommended by the Standing Committee on Agriculture (1987) for broilers in Australia.

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