scholarly journals The efficiency of certain methods of preserving milk samples for chemical analysis with special reference to the protein constituents

1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Lee Primm
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Milk Samples

scholarly journals Diagnóstico da Qualidade do Leite Pasteurizado Distribuído pelo Programa do Leite na Microrregião do Seridó Oriental - RN

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
J. K. B. Silva ◽  
R. A. Andrade ◽  
R. S. Falcão ◽  
R. P. Gusmão
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Garbage Collection ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Neste trabalho foi avaliada a qualidade do leite pasteurizado distribuído pelo Programa do Leite na microrregião do Seridó Oriental do Rio Grande do Norte. Para a avaliação do leite, foram aplicadas listas de verificação nos pontos de coleta do município de Currais Novos em que foi observada insuficiência do espaço físico e da infraestrutura, ausência de espaço coberto para abrigar filas, ventilação, iluminação, sanitários, freezers, computador e telefone. Ainda, foi observado que não há dedetização e desratização periódicas do ambiente, higienização correta, acondicionamento adequado e coleta diária de lixo. Além disso, foram realizadas análises físico-químicas, que compreenderam a determinação de gordura, teste de alizarol, sólidos não gordurosos, acidez e índice crioscópico, de amostras do leite fornecido por 3 usinas de beneficiamento que fazem parte do programa. As listas de verificação apontaram resultados insatisfatórios quanto à dimensão e infraestrutura dos pontos de entrega. O percentual de amostras que se apresentaram fora dos padrões estabelecidos pela legislação para as análises físico-químicas de gordura, acidez e índice crioscópico foi, respectivamente, 87,5, 62,5 e 100%. Diagnostic of Quality of Pasteurized Milk Distributed by the Milk Program in the Micro Eastern Seridó – RN ABSTRACT - This work evaluated the quality of pasteurized milk delivered by the milk program in the micro eastern Served Rio Grande do Norte. For the evaluation of milk, checklists were applied at collection points in the municipality of New corrals where insufficient physical space and infrastructure, absence of covered rows to house, ventilation, lighting, plumbing, freezers, computer space was observed and phone. Still, it was observed that there is no periodic fumigation and pest control of the environment, proper sanitation, adequate storage and daily garbage collection. In addition, physical and chemical analyzes, which comprised the determination of fat, alizarol test, not fat solids, acidity and cryoscopic index of the milk samples provided by three beneficiation plants that are part of the program were conducted. The checklists showed unsatisfactory results regarding the size and infrastructure of delivery points. The percentage of samples that were outside of the standards established by law for the physico-chemical analysis of fat, acidity and cryoscopic index was, respectively, 87.5, 62.5 and 100%.

The comparative efficiency of a new spot test for the detection of Streptococcus agalactiae, in milk

1955 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 786 ◽  
Author(s):  
MF Pulsford
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Spot Test ◽  
Minimum Amount ◽  
Comparative Efficiency ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Indirect Tests

Five methods for the detection of Strep. Agalactiae in milk samples were examined with special reference to their use as direct and indirect tests. Comparison was made of the sensitivity of all tests in detecting excretor cows. In the consideration of methods as direct tests particular attention was paid to their value for screening out frankly negative samples with the minimum amount of work. A newly developed test based on the CAMP reaction, the "spot" test, was found to combine high sensitivity and cheapness, and this is recommended for use under South Australian conditions.

The Chemical Analysis of Clays, with Special Reference to clay Fractions of Soils

1933 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruby C. Groves
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Fusion Method ◽  
Acid Method ◽  
Mixed Acids

1. Comparisons are made of the results obtained in the analysis of clays, especially of clay fractions separated from soils, by the standard sodium carbonate fusion method and by attack by means of mixed acids. Provided certain precautions are taken, in the latter case, the percentages of silica obtained are shown to be comparable with those given by the fusion method.2. A possible disadvantage of the acid method is that the attack of the clay is not invariably successful, but treatment of the silica with hydrofluoric acid provides a convenient and reliable means of detecting those cases in which failure occurs. Such clays must be decomposed by fusion with sodium carbonate.

Some soils of the Southern Island of New Zealand with special reference to their lime requirements

1917 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard John Wild
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Suitable Standard ◽  
Southern Island

1. The Hutchinson-MacLennan method for determining the lime requirements of soils, when practised under suitable standard conditions, gives more reliable indications than are obtainable by the ordinary methods of chemical analysis.2. The method gives indications which appear to be uniformly in excess of the actual requirement of the soil for lime as judged by economic standards: hence a correcting value seems advisable.3. The correcting value for the soils of Canterbury Plains is about 0·10%.4. The greater acidity and higher lime requirement of soils of the Southland Plains appears to be due to a combination of lack of natural under-drainage and high rainfall, which prevents aeration and oxidation of organic matter, so that “sour” humus accumulates in the soil.

Renovation of Phalaris pastures with special reference to nitrogen and sulphur relationships

1957 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 617 ◽  
Author(s):  
NJ Barrow
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Sulphur Deficiency ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Plant

Renovation of phalaris (Phalaris tuberosa L.) pastures by mouldboard ploughing resulted in an increased yield of phalaris but a decreased yield of other species. Only at one of three sites was there a net increase in yield. The increased yield of phalaris may have been due to its greater ability to survive the fairly drastic ploughing treatment. The phalaris then had a competitive advantage when the pasture grew again. From data for soil ionic nitrogen, plant response to nitrogen and sulphur, and chemical analysis of plant material, it was concluded that the increase in yield was due to greater availability of nitrogen and sulphur, indicating accelerated breakdown of organic matter. This effect was considered to be due to the temporary prevention of plant growth, since the continual removal of ionic nitrogen by plants would tend to reduce the nitrogen available to microorganisms, thus widening the carbon : nitrogen ratio. A similar competition for sulphur may also be important. Recurring sulphur deficiency due to infrequent applications of fertilizer may be important in the decline of pastures on sulphur-deficient soils. The clover fraction would be particularly affected since grasses are considered to compete strongly with clovers for sulphate. The data for ionic nitrogen in soil showed that high exchangeable ammonium occurred during the winter months.

Aspects of microanalysis in a transmission electron microscope

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 510-511
Author(s):  
R. Sinclair ◽  
B.E. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Critical Currents ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Transmission Electron

INTRODUCTIONThe prospect of performing chemical analysis of thin specimens at any desired level of resolution is particularly appealing to the materials scientist. Commercial TEM-based systems are now available which virtually provide this capability. The purpose of this contribution is to illustrate its application to problems which would have been intractable until recently, pointing out some current limitations.X-RAY ANALYSISIn an attempt to fabricate superconducting materials with high critical currents and temperature, thin Nb3Sn films have been prepared by electron beam vapor deposition [1]. Fine-grain size material is desirable which may be achieved by codeposition with small amounts of Al2O3 . Figure 1 shows the STEM microstructure, with large (∽ 200 Å dia) voids present at the grain boundaries. Higher quality TEM micrographs (e.g. fig. 2) reveal the presence of small voids within the grains which are absent in pure Nb3Sn prepared under identical conditions. The X-ray spectrum from large (∽ lμ dia) or small (∽100 Ǻ dia) areas within the grains indicates only small amounts of A1 (fig.3).

Integrated morphometrical and electron energy loss image analysis in cytochemistry

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 402-403
Author(s):  
W.C. de Bruijn ◽  
A.A.W. de Jong ◽  
C.W.J. Sorber
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Active Form ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Enzyme Cytochemistry ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Endogenous Peroxidase ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

One aspect of enzyme cytochemistry is, whether all macrophage lysosomal hydrolytical enzymes are present in an active form, or are activated upon stimulation. Integrated morphometrical and chemical analysis has been chosen as a tool to illucidate that cytochemical problem. Mouse peritoneal resident macrophages have been used as a model for this complicated integration of morphometrical and element-related data. Only aldehyde-fixed cells were treated with three cytochemical reactions to detect different enzyme activities within one cell (for details see [1,2]). The enzyme-related precipitates anticipated to be differentiated, were:(1).lysosomal barium and sulphur from aryl sulphatase activity,(2).lysosomal cerium and phosphate from acid phosphatase activity and(3).platinum/di-amino-benzidine( D A B) complex from endogenous peroxidase activity.

Microdomains in BaFeO3-y (0.35 < y < 0.50)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 780-781
Author(s):  
M. Vallet-Regí ◽  
M. Parras ◽  
J.M. González-Calbet ◽  
J.C. Grenier
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Monoclinic Phase ◽  
Orthorhombic Phase ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Zone Axis ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Compositional Variations

BaFeO3-y compositions (0.35<y<0.50) have been investigated by means of electron diffraction and microscopy to resolve contradictory results from powder X-ray diffraction data.The samples were obtained by annealing BaFeO2.56 for 48 h. in the temperature range from 980°C to 1050°C . Total iron and barium in the samples were determined using chemical analysis and gravimetric methods, respectively.In the BaFeO3-y system, according to the electron diffraction and microscopy results, the nonstoichiometry is accommodated in different ways as a function of the composition (y):In the domain between BaFeO2.5+δBaFeO2.54, compositional variations are accommodated through the formation of microdomains. Fig. la shows the ED pattern of the BaFeO2.52 material along thezone axis. The corresponding electron micrograph is seen in Fig. 1b. Several domains corresponding to the monoclinic BaFeO2.50 phase, intergrow with domains of the orthorhombic phase. According to that, the ED pattern of Fig. 1a, can be interpreted as formed by the superposition of three types of diffraction maxima : Very strong spots corresponding to a cubic perovskite, a set of maxima due to the superposition of three domains of the monoclinic phase along [100]m and a series of maxima corresponding to three domains corresponding to the orthorhombic phase along the [100]o.

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