The comparative efficiency of a new spot test for the detection of Streptococcus agalactiae, in milk

1955 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 786 ◽  
Author(s):  
MF Pulsford
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Spot Test ◽  
Minimum Amount ◽  
Comparative Efficiency ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Indirect Tests

Five methods for the detection of Strep. Agalactiae in milk samples were examined with special reference to their use as direct and indirect tests. Comparison was made of the sensitivity of all tests in detecting excretor cows. In the consideration of methods as direct tests particular attention was paid to their value for screening out frankly negative samples with the minimum amount of work. A newly developed test based on the CAMP reaction, the "spot" test, was found to combine high sensitivity and cheapness, and this is recommended for use under South Australian conditions.

scholarly journals Rapid Detection of Mycoplasma bovis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae in Cattle Bulk Tank Milk in Cyprus and Relations with Somatic Cell Counts

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Maria Liapi ◽  
George Botsaris ◽  
Costas Arsenoglou ◽  
Nikolas Markantonis ◽  
Christodoulos Michael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Mycoplasma Bovis ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Bulk Tank

One hundred and seventy-seven (177) bulk tank milk samples were analyzed with a commercially available real-time polymerase chain reaction kit and 11 (6.21%), 41 (23.16%), and 58 (32.77%) tested positive for Mycoplasma bovis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus agalactiae, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between the presence of S. aureus and S. agalactiae. Enumeration of somatic cells was performed in the same samples by flow cytometry. The somatic cell counts were found higher in S. aureus and S. agalactiae positive samples. No association was found between M. bovis presence and somatic cells counts. Low internal assay control Ct values were found to be related with high somatic cell counts. Noticeably, this is the first report for the presence of M. bovis in Cyprus. Therefore, its presence was confirmed by bulk tank milk culture, conventional PCR, and next generation sequencing. Furthermore, M. bovis was typed with multilocus sequencing typing and was allocated to sequence type 29 (ST 29). Real-time PCR in bulk tank milk samples is a useful tool to detect mammary infections, especially for neglected pathogens such as M. bovis.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination of C18 Fatty Acids in Milk by GC-MS

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Meiqing Chen ◽  
Yangdong Zhang ◽  
Fengen Wang ◽  
Nan Zheng ◽  
Jiaqi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Uht Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Chromatographic Resolution ◽  
Commercial Milk

The determination of C18 fatty acids (FAs) is a key and difficult aspect in FA profiling, and a qualified method with good chromatographic separation and high sensitivity, as well as easy methylation, is required. A GC-MS method was established to simultaneously determine C18 FAs in milk. To simplify the methylation protocol for milk samples, besides a base-catalyzation methylation (50 °C for 20 min), the necessity of an additional acid-catalyzation was also studied using different temperatures (60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C, and 90 °C) and durations (90 min and 150 min). The results showed that the chromatographic resolution was improved, although three co-eluted peaks existed. The base-catalyzation was sufficient, and an additional acid-catalyzation was not necessary. The proposed method was validated with good sensitivity, linearity, accuracy, and precision, and then applied in determining C18 FAs in 20 raw milk and 30 commercial milk samples. UHT milk presented a different profile of C18 FAs from raw milk and PAS milk samples, which indicated that excessive heating could change the profile. Overall, the proposed method is a high-throughput and competent approach for the determination of C18 FAs in milk, and which presents an improvement in chromatographic resolution and sensitivity, as well as a simplification of methylation.

scholarly journals Subclinical mastitis in dairy camels in Algeria: Comparison of screening tests

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Leyla HADEF ◽  
Hebib AGGAD ◽  
Brahim HAMAD ◽  
Mohamed Said MAHMOUD ◽  
Aicha ADAIKA
Keyword(s):  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Bacteriological Culture ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Cultural Isolation ◽  
Kappa Value ◽  
Indirect Tests ◽  
Reliable Diagnostic Method

The aim of the present study was to determine a threshold values and to assess the effectiveness of four indirect tests for the diagnosis of subclinical mastitis in dairy camels comparing with bacteriological culture. One hundred fifty three milk samples from 17 lactating camels were subjected to bacteriological culture, where 84 milk samples were positive, 47 were negative and 22 samples were considered as contaminated. A total of 131 milk samples were screened by pH, electrical conductivity (EC), California mastitis test (CMT) and somatic cell count (SCC). The good combination of sensitivity and specificity were obtained with a threshold of 6.55, 7.2 mS/cm, score trace was considered as CMT (+) and 240 000 cells/ml for the four tests, respectively. The sensitivity of the SCC, pH, EC and CMT was 72.61, 66.66, 47.61 and 39.28 %; the specificity 70.21, 38.02, 59.57 and 72.34 %; percentage accuracy 71.75, 51.14, 51.90 and 51.14 %; and positive predictive value 81.33, 47.61, 67.79 and 71.73 %, respectively. The SCC was significantly correlated with bacteriological culture (r = 0.415, p < 0.05). Kappa value of SCC was higher than that of other tests (SCC > CMT > EC > pH). In conclusion, the results suggest that the SCC was the most accurate, reliable, diagnostic method compared to other tests used in this study after cultural isolation for the detection of subclinical mastitis in dairy camel under field conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of sodium lauryl sulfate for the development of cow-side mastitis screening test

2021 ◽  
pp. 2290-2295
Author(s):  
Nobonita Sarker Tanni ◽  
Md. Shafiul Islam ◽  
Mojahidul Kabir ◽  
Mst. Sonia Parvin ◽  
Md. Amimul Ehsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Bromocresol Purple ◽  
Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Milk Samples

Background and Aim: Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is an economically important disease for dairy cattle worldwide; therefore, regular screening is imperative to detect SCM at an early stage so as to control it. The study was conducted to compare the test characteristics of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) as a test reagent to detect SCM in dairy cows. Materials and Methods: First, 106 milk samples of dairy cows were subjected to available indirect screening tests (white side test [WST], surf field mastitis test, Leucocytest, and Immucell) considering somatic cell count (SCC) as gold standard test. Then 273 milk samples were allowed to react with different concentrations of SLS with or without sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and indicators (bromothymol blue [BTB] and bromocresol purple [BCP]). Results: SLS with or without NaOH yielded best reaction with the milk samples similar to Leucocytest. It was observed that the reaction of milk samples with SLS added with indicators (BTB and BCP) was easier to visualize than without indicators. SLS 3%+NaOH 1.5% with BTB and SLS 2% with BCP had high sensitivity, specificity, and substantial agreement with SCC. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of SLS 2% with BCP and SLS 3%+NaOH 1.5% with BTB was 0.917 and 0.875, respectively. Conclusion: It may be concluded that SLS 3%+NaOH 1.5% with BTB and SLS 2% with BCP may be the potential reagents for the development of an effective cow-side test to detect SCM, as the main ingredient SLS is considerably cheap and readily available in developing countries.

scholarly journals Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis of bovine detection by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test in AL-Diwanyia province

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Gh. K. A. Al-kuzaay ◽  
Q. H. Kshash
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bacteriological Testing ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Test

This study was conducted for exam 348 milk samples from (clinically mastitic and other healthy cows) in many areas in AL-Diwanyia province by using CMT and bacteriological testing , which appeared that (64.9%) as percentage of mastitis ( clinically 15.9% , subclinically 84.0% ) Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis 13.2% ( 26.6% clinically , 73.3 % subclinicaly) diagnose by PCR assay by using specific primer (16SrRNA). Streptococcus agalactiae (30 isolates) after classical methods applied for streptococcus agalactiae identification (86 isolates).

scholarly journals The antimicrobial activity of cationic proteins isolated from the cells in bulk milk samples

1971 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Hibbitt ◽  
J. Brownlie ◽  
C. B. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Fast Green ◽  
Cationic Proteins ◽  
Disk Electrophoresis ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Micrococcus Lysodeikticus ◽  
Fast Green Fcf

SUMMARYCationic proteins isolated from the cells in bulk milk samples were shown to inhibit the growth of two pathogenic strains of staphylococci and alsoStreptococcus agalactiaeS 13. Polyacrylamide gel disk electrophoresis studies on these proteins revealed the presence of at least 9 components some of which had isoelectric pH's between 7·0 and 9·0. Trace amounts of the isolated protein had isoelectric pH's greater than 9·0. Staphylococci incubated with milk-cell cationic proteins absorbed the protein, thereby allowing the organism to be stained with the anionic dye Fast Green FCF. Protein-treated staphylococci in isotonic solutions autoagglutinated. This autoagglutination was more marked in hypo- and hypertonic solutions. Lysozyme was not demonstrated in the isolated protein fractions in assays involving incubation withMicrococcus lysodeikticusfor 90 min. The antimicrobial activity of the cationic proteins isolated from the bulk milk samples was not destroyed after heating to temperatures up to 70° C for 30 min., whereas at higher temperatures the activity diminished and was almost completely lost at 100° C.

scholarly journals Bacterial identification, somatic cell count, antimicrobial profile and toxigenic Staphylococcus strains search from mastitic cow milk samples on small farms properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 715-722
Author(s):  
Ubirajara L. Lavor ◽  
Felipe F. Guimarães ◽  
Anelise Salina ◽  
Mateus S.R. Mioni ◽  
Helio Langoni
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts

ABSTRACT: Bovine mastitis has a negative impact on milk production and can pose risks to public health. The present study aimed to evaluate the quality of bovine milk from small farms in the Botucatu/SP region. Somatic cell counts (SCC), identification of pathogens involved in mastitis, and sensitivity antimicrobial profile of staphylococci isolated were performed. The presence of enterotoxin encoding genes in isolates of staphylococci obtained from milk was investigated. Milk samples from individual mammary quarters of cows were submitted to the California mastitis test (CMT) and SCC. Of the 239 dairy cows from 21 dairy herds evaluated (mean = 11.4 animals/property), two cows (0.8%) presented clinical mastitis and 86 (35.9%) subclinical mastitis. Bacterial culture was performed in 177 quarter milk samples. Staphylococci were identified in 55 (31.1%), corynebacteria in 45 (25.4%), streptococci in 25 (14.1%) and coliforms in four (2.3%) milk samples. Average SCC from culture-positive samples was 1598x103 cells/mL, in case of staphylococci was 1362x103 cells/ml, streptococci was 2857x103 cells/mL, corynebacteria was 976x103 cells/mL and in the cases of coliforms 1161x103 cells/mL were obtained. Staphylococci showed a high sensitivity (>95%) to cephalothin, cotrimoxazole, enrofloxacin, and gentamicin, with a 41.2% resistance to penicillin and 11.8% to oxacillin. Both coagulase positive (CPS) and negative staphylococci (CNS) carried genes encoding enterotoxins in 21.6% of the first group and 41.9% in the second. The sea gene was the most detected 45.8% (n=24) between them, followed by seb with 29.2% and sec with 25.0%. The sed gene was not identified. We highlight the potential risk to public health in the possibility of strains of Staphylococcus spp. enterotoxin-producing genes that can cause staphylococcal food poisoning.

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