scholarly journals The Evolution of the Concept of the "Yard" in Domestic Religious Culture

2004 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
S.V. Rabotkina
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Study ◽  
Religious Culture ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Transformation Processes ◽  
Religious Spirituality

The presented topic of scientific analysis is an integral part of the philosophical-religious analysis of the phenomenon of the ancient Russian "yard". In the context of contemporary spiritual research, the author considers it urgent to attempt a systematic study of the phenomenon of the "door" as a form of compromise in the history of pagan and Christian worldviews, as well as to combine this problem with the understanding of transformation processes in Ukrainian religious spirituality in the context of global postmodernity.

scholarly journals Wilhelm Mannhardt - A Pioneer in the Study of Rituals

1993 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Tove Tybjerg
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Study ◽  
Specific Interest ◽  
History Of

In the history of the study of religion the German folklorist Wilhelm Mannhardt (1831-1880) was the first to undertake a systematic study of rituals. This was not because of a specific interest in rituals; Mannhardt's  interests lay with mythology, and all his life he regarded himself as a mythologist. In focusing on mythology Mannhardt was in tune with the spirit of his age, but to undertake a systematic study of rituals was something new. At the time the novelty of this approach went practically unnoticed, and Mannhardt himself barely reflected on method. There are complicated relations between a scholar's ideas and the ideas of his time, between what he intends to do and what he actually does and achieves.

scholarly journals HISTORYOGRAPHY OF THE OF DEVELOPMENT THE CONTINUOUS PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER TRAINING TO WORK IN THE INCLUSIVE EDUCATION CONDITIONS IN THE UKRAINE (END OF THE XX – START OF THE XXI CENT.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
T. DZHAMAN
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Preparation ◽  
Teacher Training ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Primary School Teacher ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Definition Of

The article analyzes the views of scientists on the specified problem of study. It is specified that the problem of continuous primary school teacher training to work in the conditions of inclusive education that we studied is a certain chronological sequence of transformations of different visions and it is relevant to the sphere of scientific and pedagogical search. We made a scientific analysis of the studies and clarified the definition of some concepts. It is specified, that we understand the historiography of development the continuous primary school teacher training to work in a conditions of inclusive education as a totality of research scientific and pedagogical works directed on the study of the specified problem from the time of its actualization due to today and the main its task we see in the objective coverage of the history of the issue of continuous primary school teacher preparation to work in conditions of inclusive education with taking into account the transformation of the ideas and views on the problem, studied by us. We generalized the sources processed by us on the basis of the analysis in the historiographical dimension into the two groups: continuous primary school teacher training from the end of XX cent. due to today; The history of inclusive education in the Ukraine from the end of XX cent. due to today.

scholarly journals THE ISLAMIC CULTURE OF “WETU TELU ISLAM” AFFECTING SOCIAL RELIGION IN LOMBOK

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-115
Author(s):  
Muliadi Muliadi ◽  
Didin Komarudin
Keyword(s):  
Religious Culture ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
Religious System ◽  
The People ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
History Of

This writing is motivated by a very abundant religious culture in Indonesia, including the phenomenon found in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara which is famous for “Wetu Telu Islam”. It contains the religious system filled with ceremonies and rituals which are accompanied by special symbols that have certain meanings. The method used in this paper is historical descriptive, by systematically explaining the history of the people of Lombok, the cultural patterns of “Wetu Telu Islam”, including its historical figures, doctrine, development, and existence. Then the writer uses structural semiology in analyzing the meaning of symbol elements found in the religious rituals of “Wetu Telu Islam” in Lombok. “Wetu Telu Islam” according to the people of Lombok is a very perfect Islam as it is built from two solid dimensions, namely dzohir and ihsan. For that reason, “Wetu Telu Islam” for them is the teachings of Sufism which emphasize the spirit, and soul. It is the spirit of holistic Islamic teachings, namely: shari’a, thoriqot, haqiqot, and ma‘rifat. Everything is building up, mutually reinforcing, and inseparable.Tulisan ini bermuara dari budaya agama yang sangat berlimpah di Indonesia, termasuk fenomena yang ditemukan di Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat yang terkenal dengan “Islam Wetu Telu”. Sistem keagamaan yang terkandung di dalamnya sarat upacara dan ritual yang disertai simbol-simbol khusus bermakna tertentu. Metode yang digunakan dalam makalah ini adalah deskriptif historis, yaitu secara sistematis menjelaskan sejarah masyarakat Lombok, pola-pola budaya “Islam Wetu Telu”, termasuk tokoh sejarah, doktrin, perkembangan dan keberadaannya. Kemudian penulis menggunakan semiologi struktural dalam menganalisis makna elemen simbol yang ditemukan dalam ritual keagamaan “Islam Wetu Telu”di Lombok. “Islam Wetu Telu” menurut masyarakat Lombok adalah Islam yang sangat sempurna karena dibangun dari dua dimensi yang kuat, yaitu dzohir dan ihsan. Karena itu, “Islam Wetu Telu” bagi mereka adalah ajaran tasawuf yang menekankan hati dan jiwa. Ini adalah semangat ajaran Islam holistik, yaitu: syariah, thoriqot, haqiqot, dan ma’rifat. Semuanya membangun, saling menguatkan, dan tak terpisahkan.

scholarly journals The Special Apparatus (al-Niẓām al-Khāṣṣ): The Rise of Nationalist Militancy in the Ranks of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood

Religions ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abou El Zalaf
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
British Colonization ◽  
Special Apparatus ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

Existing scholarship has largely focused on the role of Sayyid Qutb’s ideas when analyzing the Muslim Brotherhood’s violent history. Perceiving Qutb’s ideas as paving the way for radical interpretations of jihad, many studies linked the Brotherhood’s violent history with this key ideologue. Yet, in so doing, many studies overlooked the importance of the Special Apparatus in shaping this violent history of the Brotherhood, long before Qutb joined the organization. Through an in-depth study of memoires and accounts penned by Brotherhood members and leaders, and a systematic study of British and American intelligence sources, I attempt to shed light on this understudied formation of the Brotherhood, the Special Apparatus. This paper looks at the development of anti-colonial militancy in Egypt, particularly the part played by the Brotherhood until 1954. It contends that political violence, in the context of British colonization, antedated the Brotherhood’s foundation, and was in some instances considered as a legitimate and even distinguished duty among anti-colonial factions. The application of violence was on no account a part of the Brotherhood’s core strategy, but the organization, nevertheless, established an armed and secret wing tasked with the fulfillment of what a segment of its members perceived as the duty of anti-colonial jihad.

The science of therapeutic images

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Convulsive Therapy ◽  
British Art ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Mechanism ◽  
Art And Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electro Convulsive Therapy

The Netherne Hospital in Surrey is perhaps the most prestigious site in the history of British art therapy, associated with the key figures Edward Adamson and Eric Cunningham Dax, whose pioneering work involved the setting-up of a large studio for psychiatric patients to create expressive paintings. What is little-known, however, is the work of the designated scientist for psychiatric research, Hungarian Jewish émigré Francis Reitman, who was charged with an overall scientific analysis of the artistic products of the studio. Schooled in the biological psychiatric tradition of Ladislas J. Meduna in Budapest prior to his exile to the Maudsley Hospital in 1938 – and committed to treatments such as leucotomy and electro-convulsive therapy (ECT) – Reitman was an unusual candidate for research into the unconscious processes behind art and psychosis. Yet he authored two highly popular and widely reviewed books on his analyses of the abundant artistic output created by patients with schizophrenic diagnoses at the Netherne. In his Psychotic Art (1950) and Insanity, Art and Culture (1954), Reitman compared such schizophrenic images with those produced by artists under the influence of mescaline and examined the artistic output of patients having undergone leucotomy. This article draws on archival materials and Reitman’s original research publications in order to reconstruct his theory of schizophrenic art within the complex context of postwar British psychiatry, negotiating as he did between biologically reductive understandings of Freudian and Jungian psychoanalytic categories, and ultimately synthesizing concepts from both. It also analyses Reitman’s implicit theory of the therapeutic mechanism of art in the treatment of psychiatric patients.

Topical aspects of the formation and development of surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Ilyinichna Kaspruk
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Predictive Analysis ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Great Contribution ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

The conducted research of the formation and development of surgery until the 19th century revealed that the accumulated experience in the development of surgery in the studies of Russian and foreign authors is relevant in the historical, methodological and organizational aspects. In the modern history of medicine and surgery, a significant segment is occupied by scientific analysis, which makes it possible to recognize the inner essence and connection of processes and phenomena in the formation and development of surgery, to understand the driving and controlling mechanisms. The identification of patterns and trends in the development of surgery, as well as the establishment of grounds for predictive analysis, must be implemented in further research in the history of medicine and surgery. Many medical workers who made a great contribution to the formation of Soviet surgery began their career in medicine directly as zemsky doctors. Zemsky surgery had a significant impact on the development of domestic medicine.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Durba Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Female Sexuality ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Scientific Practices ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Colonial Studies ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Social Scientific

This introductory chapter traces the history of the concept of the sexually deviant female in colonial India. It first takes a look at how the figure of the prostitute appears across different archives from colonial India and within analyses of Indian social life. The chapter then shows how colonial studies on the nature of Indian society were to become the empirical basis for universalist theories of comparative societies. Indeed, the colonial state in India was, at its inception, an experiment in new forms of scientific and social scientific practices that were to influence state practices and the formation of disciplinary knowledge in the colony and metropole. At the heart of these sciences of society was a concern about structuring, tracing, and mapping the social world of colonial India through the assessment of women's sexuality. These histories reveal the way key debates about gender, caste, communal difference, and social hierarchy in India became objects of social scientific analysis through the description and evaluation of female sexuality. And, as the chapter shows, this social scientific imaginary had extraordinary reach.

Nadir Shah's determination to statehood

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (04) ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
Xalidə Qələndər qızı İsmayılova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
State Building ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Management Experience ◽  
Special Case

The article "Nadir Shah's determination to statehood" is a scientific analysis of Nadir Shah's legacy of statehood, his historical perspectives, and state-building resources in general, who fought strongly and decisively for the ideas of Azerbaijanism and the renaissance of statehood. In short, the exceptional services of this great and powerful commander in the history of Azerbaijan have been studied from a wide angle. The article highlights Nadir Shah's success, ability and restraint in state and military affairs as a special case. It is not overlooked that these processes played a significant role in the Shah's determination to win, emphasizing security as a key issue. It turns out that Nadir Shah, like Shah Khatai, had always considered the internal strife that dragged our country into the abyss to be extremely urgent, and used his political wisdom, rich management experience, rescue and creative mission to conquer large areas in difficult, extreme conditions. Basically, he took decisive steps to solve these fateful tasks quickly, and the implementation of his multi-vector action plan was one of the important tasks for Nadir Shah at that time. Key words: Nadir Shah, Tahmasib, Khatai, statehood, warlord

Hume and the Customary Causes of Industry, Knowledge and Humanity

2018 ◽  
pp. 184-207
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Causal Analysis ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Treatise Of Human Nature ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

Examines Hume’s account of economic development as a subset of the history of civilisation, which is presented by him as a history of customs and manners. Since Hume believes that the subject matter of ‘economics’ is amenable to scientific analysis, the focus is on his employment of causal analysis and how he elaborates an analysis of customs as causes to account for social change. This is executed chiefly via an examination Hume’s Essays, though the History of England (as a test case) and the Treatise of Human Nature for its expression of Hume’s seminal analysis of causation are also incorporated.

From the History of the Reign of Solomon I in Imereti (1766-1768)

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Zalina M. Basieva
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Religious Culture ◽  
Political Asylum ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Important Message ◽  
History Of

All known official appeals from Imereti to the Russian court in the 18th century were made under strict secrecy from the Ottoman Empire, and the embassies were either headed by clergy or representatives of the clergy were always part of the embassies. The principle of forming the composition of the embassy clearly indicates that the clergy of Imereti, as well as Kartli-Kakheti, was directly involved in political issues, and the ambassadors were supporters of the current rulers or kings. The clergy served as a living proof of Imereti’s commitment to the Christian world, despite Ottoman rule, oppression and the decline of religious culture. However, during the period we are considering, the first appeal of Solomon I to Russia for support (1766), he attracts only a representative from the Imeretian princes. The organization of the message was entrusted to Prince Kaihosro Tsereteli. Then the connection with Kizlyar was secretly maintained through the hegumen of the Ossetian spiritual commission Gregory, who already in 1768 was instructed to deliver a response message from Russia to Solomon, on condition that the secrecy of the owner’s correspondence with Russia be kept. The Imeretian and Abkhaz Catholicos Vissarion, acting at that time, cannot participate in this secret case, due to opposition to the king of the Rachinsky Eristovs, other persons from the Georgian clergy are not involved by Solomon either. Solomon’s non-representative appeal to Russia can only be associated with his position ol an exile and his inability to form the composition of the embassy, which is assigned to the tsar. Instead, we see that King Solomon is sending a single “messenger” with an important message from the princes of Tsereteli. Based on a comparison of the known historical facts of the reign of Solomon I in Imereti and the information presented in the document under consideration, the conditions and reasons that led Solomon in 1766 to a written appeal to Russia about the possibility of granting him political asylum are clarified.

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