scholarly journals Focal Fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Focal Fibrosis

Focal Fibrosis of the Breast in Diabetes

2000 ◽  
Vol 174 (3) ◽  
pp. 870-870
Author(s):  
Ferris M. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Focal Fibrosis

scholarly journals Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis Is a Common Feature of Sickle Cell Anemia That Is Associated with Diastolic Dysfunction and Restrictive Cardiac Physiology

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
Omar Niss ◽  
Michael D. Taylor ◽  
Robert Fleck ◽  
Tarek Alsaied ◽  
Jeffrey Towbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Normal Systolic Function ◽  
Lv Ejection Fraction ◽  
Focal Fibrosis ◽  
Restrictive Physiology

Abstract Background: We have recently shown that the cardiomyopathy of sickle cell anemia (SCA) is characterized by restrictive physiology (diastolic dysfunction, left atrial [LA] enlargement and normal systolic function) superimposed on hyperdynamic features (left ventricular [LV] enlargement and eccentric hypertrophy) (JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 9:244-253;2016; PNAS 2016 in press). Similar to other restrictive cardiomyopathies, SCA-related cardiomyopathy may lead to mild, secondary pulmonary hypertension (PH) with elevated tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity (TRV), and can be complicated by arrhythmias and sudden death. Diastolic dysfunction is the principal pathology leading to restrictive physiology. Myocardial fibrosis is a common cause of non-SCA restrictive physiology, but the cause of the diastolic dysfunction that underlies SCA-related cardiomyopathy is undetermined. Focal fibrosis, as detected by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), is rare in SCA. However, diffuse myocardial fibrosis, which is not detected by LGE, has not been studied before in SCA. Therefore, we aimed to detect myocardial fibrosis in SCA using a novel CMR T1-mapping technique to quantify the myocardial extracellular volume (ECV) fraction, which correlates with histologic diffuse fibrosis. Methods: We conducted a prospective study of children and adults with SCA (NCT02410811) who underwent CMR, echocardiography, and laboratory testing (including N-terminal pro-brain type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP], a marker of ventricular stress). ECV was measured from pre- and post-gadolinium T1 maps using a modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) sequence. Chamber sizes and cardiac performance were evaluated using CMR, while TRV and diastolic parameters were measured by echocardiography. Results: Twenty-five patients with a median age of 19 years (range 6-61 years) were evaluated. ECV was increased in all SCA patients (mean 44 ± 8% vs. 25 ± 3% in normal subjects, P<0.001). One patient had focal fibrosis by LGE and one had systolic dysfunction. Among patients with normal systolic function, 17 patients (71%) had diastolic abnormalities and 7 (29%) had normal diastolic function. Seven out of 17 patients with diastolic abnormalities (29% of the total group) met the definition of diastolic dysfunction, and 10 had inconclusive classification. Patients with diastolic dysfunction had significantly higher ECV (49 ± 7% vs 37 ± 4%, P=0.01; Panel A), NT-proBNP (191 ± 261 vs. 33 ± 33 pg/mL, P=0.04; Panel B), and lower hemoglobin (8.4±0.3 vs.10.9±1.4 g/dL, P=0.004, Panel C) compared to patients with normal diastolic function. Systolic function was similar in both groups (LV ejection fraction 61 ± 4% vs. 62 ± 3.4%, P=0.86). In patients with higher ECV (³40%), LV diastolic abnormalities were more common (99% vs 33%, P=0.003) and LA volume index was significantly increased (57 ± 11 vs. 46 ± 12 mL/m2, P=0.04) compared to patients with ECV <40%. Increased ECV was associated with anemia (R=-0.46, P=0.03; Panel D) and elevated NT-proBNP (R=0.62, P=0.001; Panel E), but not with LV ejection fraction (P=0.66; Panel F), LV mass (P=0.92) or TRV (P=0.65). Conclusions: ECV is markedly elevated in SCA, indicating the presence of significant diffuse myocardial fibrosis in all patients studied. High ECV is associated with more severe anemia, diastolic dysfunction, and high NT-proBNP. Diffuse myocardial fibrosis is a novel process underlying diastolic dysfunction and SCA-related cardiomyopathy, the features of which may be mistaken for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Identifying and therapeutically targeting the root-cause of myocardial fibrosis, or interrupting the development of myocardial fibrosis, should be studied to mitigate cardiopulmonary disease and decrease early mortality in SCA. Figure. Figure. Disclosures Quinn: Silver Lake Research Corporation: Consultancy; Eli Lilly: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis of hepatic septal fibrosis associated with Capillaria hepatica infection of rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Benigno dos Santos ◽  
Miguel Tolentino Junior ◽  
Zilton A. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Hepatica Infection ◽  
Capillaria Hepatica ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Future Search ◽  
Focal Fibrosis

Septal fibrosis is a common form of hepatic fibrosis, but its etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood. Rats infected with the helminth Capillaria hepatica constitute a good experimental model of such fibrosis. To investigate the pathogenetic contribution of the several parasitic factors involved, the following procedures were performed in rats: a) regarding the role of eggs, these were isolated and injected either into the peritoneal cavity or directly into the liver parenchyma; b) for worms alone, 15-day-old infection was treated with mebendazole, killing the parasites before oviposition started; c) for both eggs and worms, rats at the 30th day of infection were treated with either mebendazole or ivermectin. Eggs only originated focal fibrosis from cicatricial granulomas, but no septal fibrosis. Worms alone induced a mild degree of perifocal septal fibrosis. Systematized septal fibrosis of the liver, similar to that observed in the infected controls, occurred only in the rats treated with mebendazole or ivermectin, with dead worms and immature eggs in their livers. Thus, future search for fibrogenic factors associated with C. hepatica infection in rats should consider lesions with both eggs and worms.

Focal Fibrosis of the Breast: Imaging Characteristics and Histopathologic Correlation

Radiology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 216 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine Revelon ◽  
Mark E. Sherman ◽  
Olga M. B. Gatewood ◽  
Rachel F. Brem
Keyword(s):  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Focal Fibrosis

Focal fibrosis: a common breast lesion diagnosed at imaging-guided core biopsy.

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 (6) ◽  
pp. 1657-1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
E L Rosen ◽  
M S Soo ◽  
R C Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Core Biopsy ◽  
Breast Lesion ◽  
Focal Fibrosis

scholarly journals Pulmonary focal fibrosis associated with microscopic arterio-venous fistula manifesting as focal ground-glass opacity on thin-section CT

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Sudo ◽  
Atsushi Nambu ◽  
Takana Yamakawa ◽  
Masashi Kawamoto ◽  
Shozo Fujino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Section ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Venous Fistula ◽  
Focal Fibrosis

Abstract 16544: Focal Fibrosis Predicts Monomorphic VT but Not Polymorphic VT or VF in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiaan R Piers ◽  
Kimberly Everaerts ◽  
Rob Van der Geest ◽  
Mark R Hazebroek ◽  
Jeroen Venlet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Arrhythmia ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Border Zone ◽  
Icd Implantation ◽  
Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Focal Fibrosis ◽  
Maximal Signal Intensity

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the effect of focal myocardial fibrosis, assessed by late gadolinium enhancement MRI (LGE-MRI), on the occurrence and type of ventricular arrhythmia in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM). Methods: We included consecutive patients with NIDCM who underwent LGE-MRI before implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation at two centers. LGE was defined by signal intensity ≥35% of maximal signal intensity and subdivided into core and border zone (≥50% and 35-50% of maximal signal intensity, respectively), and according to (non)basal location and transmurality. ICD recordings and 12-lead ECGs were reviewed to determine the occurrence and type of ventricular arrhythmia during follow-up. Results: Of all 87 patients (62% male, age 56±13 years, LVEF 29±12%), 55 patients (63%) had LGE (median 6.3g, IQR 0.0-13.8g). During a median follow-up of 45 months (interquartile range, 23-67), monomorphic VT occurred in 18 (21%) patients, and polymorphic VT/VF in 10 (11%). LGE predicted monomorphic VT (Log-rank, p<0.001), but not polymorphic VT/VF (Log-rank, p=0.40). The optimal cut-off value for LGE to predict monomorphic VT was 7.2 grams (area under curve 0.84). Features associated with high risk for monomorphic VT were core extent, location in basal segments and area with 51-75% transmurality. Conclusion: Focal fibrosis assessed by LGE-MRI predicts monomorphic VT, but not polymorphic VT/VF. The risk for monomorphic VT was particularly high when the LGE extent was ≥7.2 grams. The differences in underlying substrate and associated types of arrhythmia may have important implications for risk stratification and therapeutic interventions in patients with NIDCM.

Focal fibrosis of rat liver with hepatic damage

1972 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-66
Author(s):  
K. Hiramatsu ◽  
T. Koizumi ◽  
T. Suematsu ◽  
N. Nakamura ◽  
H. Abe
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Hepatic Damage ◽  
Focal Fibrosis
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