scholarly journals Dietary Sterol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Sterol

scholarly journals Evaluating Effects of a Critical Micronutrient (24-Methylenecholesterol) on Honey Bee Physiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyadarshini Chakrabarti ◽  
Hannah M Lucas ◽  
Ramesh R Sagili
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Pollinator Decline ◽  
Nutritional Physiology ◽  
Dietary Sterol ◽  
Dry Diet ◽  
Dietary Sterols

Abstract Although poor nutrition is cited as one of the crucial factors in global pollinator decline, the requirements and role of several important nutrients (especially micronutrients) in honey bees are not well understood. Micronutrients, viz. phytosterols, play a physiologically vital role in insects as precursors of important molting hormones and building blocks of cellular membranes. There is a gap in comprehensive understanding of the impacts of dietary sterols on honey bee physiology. In the present study, we investigated the role of 24-methylenecholesterol—a key phytosterol—in honey bee nutritional physiology. Artificial diets with varying concentrations of 24-methylenecholesterol (0%, 0.1%. 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1% dry diet weight) were formulated and fed to honey bees in a laboratory cage experiment. Survival, diet consumption, head protein content, and abdominal lipid contents were significantly higher in dietary sterol-supplemented bees. Our findings provide additional insights regarding the role of this important sterol in honey bee nutritional physiology. The insights gleaned from this study could also advance the understanding of sterol metabolism and regulation in other bee species that are dependent on pollen for sterols, and assist in formulation of a more complete artificial diet for honey bees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758) (Hymenoptera: Apidae).

scholarly journals Chronic Exposure to Dietary Sterol Glucosides is Neurotoxic to Motor Neurons and Induces an ALS–PDC Phenotype

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Tabata ◽  
J. M. B. Wilson ◽  
P. Ly ◽  
P. Zwiegers ◽  
D. Kwok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Dietary Sterol

High levels of dietary phytosterols affect lipid metabolism and increase liver and plasma TAG in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 1958-1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina S. Liland ◽  
Marit Espe ◽  
Grethe Rosenlund ◽  
Rune Waagbø ◽  
Jan I. Hjelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Sterol Composition ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Dietary Sterol ◽  
Low Levels

Replacing dietary fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO) with plant ingredients in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.) diets decreases dietary cholesterol and introduces phytosterols. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of dietary sterol composition on cholesterol metabolism in Atlantic salmon. For this purpose, two dietary trials were performed, in which Atlantic salmon were fed either 100 % FM and FO (FM-FO) diet or one of the three diets with either high (80 %) or medium (40 %) plant protein (PP) and a high (70 %) or medium (35 %) vegetable oil (VO) blend (trial 1); or 70 % PP with either 100 % FO or 80 % of the FO replaced with olive, rapeseed or soyabean oil (trial 2). Replacing ≥ 70 % of FM with PP and ≥ 70 % of FO with either a VO blend or rapeseed oil increased plasma and liver TAG concentrations. These diets contained high levels of phytosterols and low levels of cholesterol. Fish fed low-cholesterol diets, but with less phytosterols, exhibited an increased expression of genes encoding proteins involved in cholesterol uptake and synthesis. The expression of these genes was, however, partially inhibited in rapeseed oil-fed fish possibly due to the high dietary and tissue phytosterol:cholesterol ratio. Atlantic salmon tissue and plasma cholesterol concentrations were maintained stable independent of the dietary sterol content.

Dietary induction of pancreatic cholesterol esterase: a regulatory cycle for the intestinal absorption of cholesterol

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Sasser ◽  
Chakradhar Buddhiraju ◽  
Vijaya B. Kumar ◽  
Angel Lopez-Candales ◽  
Jackie Grosjlos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Absorption ◽  
Cholesterol Esterase ◽  
Intestinal Cholesterol Absorption ◽  
Sterol Esters ◽  
Mrna Induction ◽  
High Fraction ◽  
Dietary Sterol ◽  
Human Intestinal Cells

Atherosclerosis has a strong dietary basis without a proven molecular mechanism for cholesterol absorption. To investigate the potential role of pancreas in this process and its interaction with the two dietary forms of cholesterol (free and esterified), we undertook to study the role of pancreatic cholesterol esterase in cholesterol absorption. The results showed that (i) cholesterol esters contribute a disproportionately high fraction of absorbed dietary cholesterol, (ii) rates of intestinal cholesterol absorption are related to pancreatic cholesterol esterase activity, (iii) mRNA specific for pancreatic cholesterol esterase is induced 15-fold by dietary sterol esters and 10-fold by free sterol, (iv) the induction of cholesterol esterase mRNA is reversible, and (v) free cholesterol transport into cultured human intestinal cells is enhanced 300% by pancreatic cholesterol esterase. These data implicate pancreatic cholesterol esterase as pivotal in a metabolic loop under positive feedback control for the absorption of dietary cholesterol, whether free or esterified.Key words: cholesterol esterase, diet, transport, mRNA, induction.

Sterol sulfate alleviates atherosclerosis via mediating hepatic cholesterol metabolism in ApoE-/- mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Ding ◽  
Zhenjing Xu ◽  
Hao-hao Shi ◽  
Changhu Xue ◽  
Qingrong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Sulfate Group ◽  
Hepatic Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Sterol

Compared with terrestrial organisms, the sterol in sea cucumber exhibit a sulfate group at C-3 position. Our previous study demonstrated that dietary sterol sulfate was superior to phytosterol in alleviating...

scholarly journals A dietary sterol trade off determines lifespan responses to dietary restriction in Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooke Zanco ◽  
Christen K. Mirth ◽  
Carla M. Sgrò ◽  
Matthew D.W. Piper
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Important Principle ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Dietary Sterol ◽  
Mechanistic Basis ◽  
Dietary Sterols

AbstractDiet plays a significant role in maintaining lifelong health. In particular, lowering the dietary protein : carbohydrate ratio can improve lifespan. This has been interpreted as a direct effect of these macronutrients on physiology. Using Drosophila melanogaster, we show that the role of protein and carbohydrate on lifespan is indirect, acting by altering the partitioning of limiting amounts of dietary sterols between reproduction and lifespan. Shorter lifespans in flies fed on high protein : carbohydrate diets can be rescued by supplementing their food with cholesterol. Not only does this fundamentally alter the way we interpret the mechanisms of lifespan extension by dietary restriction, these data highlight the important principle that life histories can be affected by nutrient-dependent trade-offs that are indirect and independent of the nutrients (often macronutrients) that are the focus of study. This brings us closer to understanding the mechanistic basis of dietary restriction.

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