Oral Cavity Hairy Leukoplakia

How to recognize an HIV-infected patient in dental practice

Stomatoloski glasnik Srbije ◽

10.2298/sgs0701044l ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 44-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marina Latkovic

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Opportunistic Infections ◽

Kaposi Sarcoma ◽

Body Fluids ◽

Virus Concentration ◽

Blood Products ◽

Hairy Leukoplakia ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

The Family

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) belongs to the family of retroviruses, the subfamily of lentiviruses and can be found in all body fluids. Virus concentration in body fluids determines the way of HIV transmission (through sexual contact, blood and blood products, vertical transmission). The results from literature indicate that, among the first manifestations of HIV, there are gingival and periodontal changes. Besides, certain number of opportunistic infections start and manifest themselves in the oral cavity. The aim of this paper was to present the most frequent changes in the oral cavity, such as: HIV gingivitis, HIV periodontitis, Candidiasis (pseudomembranous, erythematous, hyperplastic and agular cheilitis), hairy leukoplakia, HSV1 and Kaposi sarcoma. .

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Identification of Epstein-Barr Virus Strain Variants in Hairy Leukoplakia and Peripheral Blood by Use of a Heteroduplex Tracking Assay

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.76.19.9645-9656.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 76 (19) ◽

pp. 9645-9656 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Diane Sitki-Green ◽

Rachel H. Edwards ◽

Jennifer Webster-Cyriaque ◽

Nancy Raab-Traub

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Epstein Barr Virus ◽

Specific Sequence ◽

Strain Profile ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Hairy Leukoplakia ◽

Throat Wash ◽

Epstein Barr ◽

Relationship Of

ABSTRACT Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) strains can be distinguished by specific sequence variations in the LMP1 gene. In this study, a heteroduplex tracking assay (HTA) specific for LMP1 was developed to precisely identify the prototypic undeleted strain B958, other undeleted strains (Ch2, AL, NC, and Med−), and strains with the 30-bp deletion (Med+ and Ch1). This technique also provides an estimate of the relative abundance of strains in patient samples. In this study, EBV strains were identified in 25 hairy leukoplakia (HLP) biopsies and six matched peripheral blood samples and throat washes with the LMP1-HTA. To investigate the relationship of the virus found in the peripheral blood to that in the HLP lesion, the strain variants in the peripheral blood B lymphocytes and those present within the epithelial cells in the HLP lesion and in throat washes were identified. In many of the subjects, compartmental differences in the EBV strain profiles in the oral cavity and peripheral blood were readily apparent. The throat wash specimens usually had a strain profile similar to that within the corresponding HLP sample, which was distinct from the strain profile detected in the peripheral blood. These analyses reveal that the nature of EBV infection can be very dynamic, with changes in relative strain abundance over time as well as the appearance of new strains. The patterns of abundance in the blood and oral cavity provide evidence for compartmentalization and for the transmission of strains between the blood and oropharynx.

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Automated Detection of Oral Pre-Cancerous Tongue Lesions Using Deep Learning for Early Diagnosis of Oral Cavity Cancer

The Computer Journal ◽

10.1093/comjnl/bxaa136 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammed Zubair M Shamim ◽

Sadatullah Syed ◽

Mohammad Shiblee ◽

Mohammed Usman ◽

Syed Jaffar Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Oral Cavity Cancer ◽

Early Stage ◽

Classification Performance ◽

Initial Screening ◽

Screening Process ◽

Photographic Images ◽

Early Signs ◽

Hairy Leukoplakia ◽

To Receive

Abstract Discovering oral cavity cancer (OCC) at an early stage is an effective way to increase patient survival rate. However, current initial screening process is done manually and is expensive for the average individual, especially in developing countries worldwide. This problem is further compounded due to the lack of specialists in such areas. Automating the initial screening process using artificial intelligence (AI) to detect pre-cancerous lesions can prove to be an effective and inexpensive technique that would allow patients to be triaged accordingly to receive appropriate clinical management. In this study, we have applied and evaluated the efficacy of six deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) models using transfer learning, for identifying pre-cancerous tongue lesions directly using a small dataset of clinically annotated photographic images to diagnose early signs of OCC. DCNN models were able to differentiate between benign and pre-cancerous tongue lesions and were also able to distinguish between five types of tongue lesions, i.e. hairy tongue, fissured tongue, geographic tongue, strawberry tongue and oral hairy leukoplakia with high classification performances. Preliminary results using an (AI + Physician) ensemble model demonstrate that an automated pre-screening process of oral tongue lesions using DCNNs can achieve ‘near-human’ level classification performance for diagnosing early signs of OCC in patients.

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Hairy Lesions of the Oral Cavity Clinical and Histopathologic Differentiation of Hairy Leukoplakia from Hairy Tongue

American Journal of Dermatopathology ◽

10.1097/00000372-198804000-00010 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 155-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Brad Neville ◽

Jens Pindborg ◽

Martin Winzer ◽

Ursula Gilliar ◽

A. Bernard Ackerman

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Hairy Leukoplakia

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Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology ◽

10.1044/2019_ajslp-19-00095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 864-872

Author(s):

Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽

Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽

Catriona M. Steele ◽

Renata Mancopes

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Thermal Sensation ◽

Sensory Function ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Age Related ◽

Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

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