scholarly journals High Grade Anal Canal Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Anal Canal ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia

scholarly journals Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Managed With Classical Homeopathy: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seema Mahesh ◽  
Olga Habchi ◽  
George Vithoulkas
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Malignant Condition

We present the case of 33-year-old woman diagnosed with low to high grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia that benefited with individualized classical homeopathy. The outcomes were resolution of the pre-malignant condition and the HPV infection, preventing the use of invasive procedures that were otherwise deemed necessary.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical expression of p16INK4A in the lesions of uterine cervix

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. A502-508
Author(s):  
Niharika Rawat ◽  
Shivapriya Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Background: Cervical cancer is the major cause of cancer deaths among women. Globally, around 5,70,000 new cases of cervical cancer and 3,11,000 deaths occurred in the year 2018. In India, Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer related mortality among women and the number of deaths is 60,000 per year among 97,000 diagnosed patients, especially those from lower socioeconomic group. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) plays a crucial role in causing cervical dysplasia. This is done by upregulating p16INK4A, a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor through interaction with cellular regulatory proteins. Hence p16INK4A can be used as a biomarker, since it is directly related variable for the presence of HPV. This study was conducted to evaluate the expression of p16INK4A in benign, premalignant and malignant cervical lesions and to assess its utility in diagnosing and grading cervical lesions. Methods: A total of 80 cervical specimens categorized histopathologically into nonspecific cervicitis, low grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (LSIL), high grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma cervix were included in this prospective study of one-year duration. Immunohistochemical study of p16INK4A were interpreted qualitatively and semi-quantitatively by Allred scoring system (0 to 8 points) which measures the proportion of stained cells and intensity of staining of cells. The collected data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and chi square test. Result: Qualitative method showed absence of p16INK4A expression in all nonspecific cervicitis. 16.7% (2/12) LSIL, 100% (12/12) HSIL and 100% (28/28) squamous cell carcinoma cases showed p16INK4A positivity. Allred scoring of p16INK4A showed 66% (8/12) HSIL and 85.7% (24/28) squamous cell carcinoma cases with score 3 positivity. Hence high-grade lesions showed higher expression of this marker. Conclusion: IHC expression of p16INK4A showed increasing degree of expression from benign to premalignant and malignant lesions suggesting its diagnostic and prognostic value in the cervical cancer management

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