scholarly journals The impact of dayshifts and sleepover nightshifts on the eating and driving behaviours of residential support workers: An exploratory workplace study

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-839
Author(s):  
Charlotte C. Gupta ◽  
Jill Dorrian ◽  
Alison M. Coates ◽  
Amy Zadow ◽  
Maureen Dollard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Safety Critical ◽  
Shift Type ◽  
Subjective Alertness ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Shift

BACKGROUND: Residential support workers (RSWs) provide 24-hour care to clients and many work overnight sleepover nightshifts. Although RSWs perform safety-critical tasks and are at high-risk of work stress and exhaustion, the health and safety of RSWs has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: This explorative workplace case study explored the impact of support work on the eating and driving behaviours of RSWs. METHODS: Thirteen RSWs who had worked a dayshift (n = 6) or a sleepover nightshift (n = 7) completed questions on the timing of food intake during their shift, motivations for eating during the shift, subjective work performance, alertness and sleepiness post-shift, and driving performance post-shift. RESULTS: RSWs reported snacking during the night on a sleepover nightshift. Time available was the biggest determinant for when RSWs ate during a day and sleepover nightshift. Ratings of subjective alertness and sleepiness after eating were not different between shift types, however participants reported an increase in work performance after eating during a dayshift. Driving events were more frequently reported post-sleepover nightshift, compared to post-dayshift. CONCLUSIONS: Findings demonstrate an impact of shift type on eating and driving behaviours of RSWs and highlight the importance of further investigation of this under-researched group to identify appropriate strategies for improving health and safety.

scholarly journals Doctors’ Extended Shifts as Risk to Practitioner and Patient: South Africa as a Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5853
Author(s):  
Koot Kotze ◽  
Helene-Mari van der Westhuizen ◽  
Eldi van Loggerenberg ◽  
Farah Jawitz ◽  
Rodney Ehrlich
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Safe Working ◽  
Working Hour

Extended shifts are common in medical practice. This is when doctors are required to work continuously for more than 16 h, with little or no rest, often without a maximum limit. These shifts have been a part of medical practice for more than a century. Research on the impact of fatigue presents compelling evidence that extended shifts increase the risk of harm to patients and practitioners. However, where the number of doctors is limited and their workloads are not easily reduced, there are numerous barriers to reform. Some of these include a perceived lack of safer alternatives, concerns about continuity of care, trainee education, and doctors’ preferences. As such, working hour reorganisation has been contentious globally. South Africa, a middle-income country where extended shifts are unregulated for most doctors, offers a useful case study of reform efforts. The South African Safe Working Hours campaign has promoted working hour reorganization through multi-level advocacy efforts, although extended shifts remain common. We propose that extended shifts should be regarded as an occupational hazard under health and safety legislation. We suggest options for managing the risks of extended shifts by adapting the hierarchy of controls for occupational hazards. Despite the challenges reform pose, the practice of unregulated extended shifts should not continue.

Analysis of Complexities in Natech Disaster Risk Reduction and Management: A Case Study of Cilegon, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1298-1308
Author(s):  
Fatma Lestari ◽  
Dicky Pelupessy ◽  
Yasuhito Jibiki ◽  
Fiori Amelia Putri ◽  
Ahmad Yurianto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
City Government ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Technological Disaster ◽  
The Impact

Complex disasters may occur as a result of a natural disaster combined with an industrial or a technological disaster. These are also called “natural-hazard triggered technological (natech) disasters.” Currently, there is increasing awareness of the hazards of these natech disasters. Natural disasters could trigger a technological disaster including oil spills and the release of hazardous and flammable materials and toxic chemicals, causing cascading events. The impact of the damage on public health and safety could be catastrophic, as it may result in massive loss of life, environmental destruction, and asset and property loss. Moreover, it could cause business disruptions and affect a country’s reputation. This paper describes a case study on the application of disaster risk reduction and management for natech disasters in Cilegon, Indonesia. We introduce the analysis of risk assessment conducted in Cilegon, the preparedness of the Cilegon City government, a contingency plan that has been developed, and the state of disaster preparedness in industrial zones. Natural and technological disaster risks as well as several emergency preparedness efforts are discussed and multiple stakeholders are identified. The paper serves as a foundation for future research to address natech disasters.

A Case Study of Oshep's Training Partnership with the American Standard Corporation's Trenton Facility and Gmp Local 175

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Ochsner
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Facility Management ◽  
Union Activists ◽  
Worker Health And Safety ◽  
American Standard ◽  
The Impact

This case study examines the evolution and impact of a training partnership between the Rutgers University/N.J. Industrial Union Council's (IUC) Occupational Safety and Health Project and the American Standard Corporation's Trenton facility. The study draws on on-site interviews with three employees who played a key role in the training program as well as survey data from a broader cross-section of the facility's workforce. Insights about the impact of training are viewed within the context of the adult education and evaluation literature, particularly studies focusing on participatory, interactive training techniques. Committed activists, a supportive union and management, and the infusion of skills and ideas from the Rutgers/IUC worker-to-worker health and safety program are viewed as key factors in understanding developments at the facility. In addition, the study emphasizes the importance of relationships developed between union activists, facility management, and the OSHEP training staff. On January 2, 2001, the corporation announced plans to shut down the facility within the year, and plans for training the rest of the work force were dropped. Although the site-specific training program was cut short, this case study traces changes in the plant's health and safety culture that occurred over a three-year period.

scholarly journals The Role of Organization Culture, Leadership and Training Towards Improving Work Performance Country Civil Worker: Case Study in Financial and Development Supervisory Agency

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ramaditya ◽  
Amirul Wahid Prihantoro
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Organization Culture ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

The objective of this study is analyzed the impact of organizational culture, training, and leadership on the work performance of civil workers in financial and development supervisory agency. This research uses an associative approach with simple random sampling technique which is measured by SEM using the Smart PLS 3.0 application. The population of this study was 330 civil workers in Financial and Development Supervisory Agency (BPKP). The results of the study shown that the Organizational Culture Variables did not significantly influence work Performance of the civil worker in Financial and Development Supervisory Agency, but do not pass the reliability test. Training Variables have a positive and significant effect on the work performance of the civil workers. Leadership variables have a positive and significant effect on the work performance of the civil workers in Financial and Development Supervisory Agency.

Digital Social Networking Use Effect on Individual Job Performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-48
Author(s):  
Marwa Mallouli Ben Zouitina ◽  
Zouhour Smaoui Hachicha
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter aims to explore the impact of social networking sites (SNS) usage on individual work performance (IP). A literature review revealed contrasting results. A multiple-case study on 15 employees from eight Tunisian firms has been conducted to highlight the SNS effects on IP in the specific context of democratic transition. Data have been collected by semi-structured interviews and coded using the Nvivo 10 software. The analysis shows that, depending on the level of SNS usage, three types of effect are identified on IP at work: positive, negative, or null. This result invites researcher to consider the usage intensity when analyzing SNS effects on IP. Understanding the different types of SNS usage by actors and their effects on IP could help managers to take appropriate decisions to take profit from this usage. This research suggests also that organizational policy moderates the relationship between SNS usage and IP.

The SUPL Approach

2012 ◽  
pp. 233-254
Author(s):  
Michael Garrett ◽  
Mark McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Safety Training ◽  
Underground Mines ◽  
Traditional Training ◽  
The Impact

A case study has been undertaken using the SUPL approach to design an occupational health and safety training platform, designated the Fires in Underground Mines Evacuation Simulator (FUMES), to support traditional training for underground mining in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the SUPL approach as a design framework. This chapter offers guidance for the design of future e-simulations using the SUPL approach as well as report on current research and evaluation on the impact of FUMES within a blended learning environment.

scholarly journals Improving public sector knowledge sharing through communities of practice

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus Jørgensen ◽  
Kasper Edwards ◽  
Enrico Scarso ◽  
Christine Ipsen
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practice Improvement ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to study the impact of intentionally developed communities of practice (CoPs) on knowledge sharing and practice improvement in an administrative public sector organisation (PSO). Design/methodology/approach A case study approach was used to analyse the impact of the CoPs intentionally developed by four different teams at a Danish PSO. The study applied a CoP development framework suggested by the literature to develop the CoPs. Findings Three out of the four CoPs were successfully developed, and they positively affected knowledge sharing and practice improvement. CoP participants engaged in conversations to explore individual ways of working, share knowledge and ultimately improve practice. Standardisation and boundary spanning were identified as contextual factors influencing the CoP activities. Research limitations/implications The findings verify the framework and contribute to a better understanding of the factors affecting the development of CoPs that positively impact knowledge sharing and practice improvements in a PSO context. Practical implications The study provides operations managers in PSOs with a framework for developing CoPs to improve work performance through better knowledge sharing among employees. Originality/value The paper provides case study evidence for the relevance of CoPs in PSO settings and highlights the necessity of investing resources in employee knowledge-sharing interactions.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Highway Traffic and Management: The Case Study of An Operator Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5320
Author(s):  
Carlos Oliveira Cruz ◽  
Joaquim Miranda Sarmento
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Service Disruption ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic created an enormous disruption to the everyday life of the modern society. Among the various urban systems, transportation services were among those that suffered the most significant impacts, particularly severe in the case of highways. This paper addresses the challenges and responses to the pandemic from a private highway operator’s perspective and from a multidisciplinary perspective. Highway operators faced two main challenges: on one hand, the need to cope with the potential disruption caused by the pandemic and a national lockdown for almost three months, the provision of road services, and the requirement to ensure the proper operation and maintenance, and on the other hand, the strong negative impact of the pandemic on levels of traffic. Our case study shows that the operator’s management response in question is essentially characterised by being a first response to short term impacts while balancing for workers health and safety, engineering and management, internal business management, and overall economic impact. Highway operators were hardly prepared for such an event and became more focused on prioritising their employees and clients’ safety to avoid service disruption. Regarding levels of traffic, the pandemic has had severe effects, although to a varying degree, depending on the different types of vehicles (heavy, light, passenger, freight, among other types of vehicles) and the location of highways (coastal vs. interior). The lessons learnt can be valuable in future disruptive events and for other highway concession operators.

scholarly journals The Impact of Knowledge Management on Work Performance through the Employees’ Competence: A Case Study of “MP” Bank

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Annasrudin Nasikhin ◽  
Nevi Danila
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Human Resources Development ◽  
Indirect Impact ◽  
The Impact

Since it was established in 2003 until 2014, the “MP” bank had never provided its human resources development training. As a result, it decreased its employees’ performance which ultimately gave a bad impact on the bank. This was a serious concern for the management in 2015. This study aimed to determine and analyze the impact of knowledge management variables consisting of socialization, externalization, combination, and Internalisation on the employees performance indirectly through their competence. The path analysis was used to determine the indirect impact of knowledge management on the wmployess’ performance, with the  samples of 140 people. The data analysis and hypothesis testing proved that knowledge management had significant effect on the employees performance indirectly through the employees competence. The R-square of socialization, externalization, combination, and internalisation of the employees competence were 70.5%; and the R-square of competence variable to the performance was 52%. This showed that knowledge management played an important role in improving the employees performance through their competence. It implies that the bank needs to provide in-house training for its employees resource development because only relying on the quality the employees get from the college was not enough

scholarly journals Developing a Sustainability Performance Assessment Tool for Public Funded Projects According to Policies and Stakeholders’ Perceptions

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousong Wang ◽  
Honglei Yi ◽  
Mian Fang
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
System Dynamic Model ◽  
Sustainability Performance ◽  
Project Governance ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
The Impact

Sustainable principles have been applied in many sectors including the construction industry. In light of this requirement, delivery and operation of public funded projects have been given particular attention since they are seen as benchmarks in this industry and possess more significant impact on economy, environment, society, resource utilization, health and safety, as well as project governance. Current studies on assessing sustainability performance of these projects are found to have some gaps. By calculating the sustainability performance indicator, the research reported in this paper introduced an improved System Dynamic model addressing the impact of policies and stakeholders’ perceptions based on the previous studies. In addition, the improved model alters the way in which sustainability performance indicator evolves to make it more precise. A real stadium project in Shenzhen, China is presented to illustrate the application of the improved model in appraising the sustainability performance of public funded projects. The case study also reveals the aspects to be enhanced to make the sustainability performance better in this project.

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