scholarly journals Dysfunction of anterior insula in the non- affected hemisphere in patients with post- stroke depression: A resting-state fMRI study

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Eunhee Park ◽  
Jang Woo Park ◽  
Yu-Sun Min ◽  
Yang-Soo Lee ◽  
Byung-Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Anterior Insula ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Post Stroke Depression ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Subcortical Regions

BACKGROUND: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a consequential neuropsychiatric sequela that occurs after stroke. However, the pathophysiology of PSD are not well understood yet. OBJECTIVE: To explore alterations in functional connectivity (FC) between anterior insula and fronto-cortical and other subcortical regions in the non-affected hemisphere in patients with PSD compared to without PSD and healthy control. METHODS: Resting-state FC was estimated between the anterior insula and cortical and subcortical brain regions in the non-affected hemisphere in 13 patients with PSD, 12 patients without PSD, and 13 healthy controls. The severity of depressive mood was measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)-II. RESULTS: Patients with PSD showed significant differences in FC scores between the anterior insula and the superior frontal, middle frontal, and orbitofrontal gyrus in the non-affected hemisphere than healthy control or patients without PSD (P< 0.05). In post-hoc, patients with PSD showed higher FC scores between the anterior insula and the superior frontal region than patients without PSD (P< 0.05). Furthermore, alterations in FC of the superior frontal, middle frontal, and orbitofrontal gyrus were positively correlated with depression severity, as measured with the BDI-II (P< 0.001).

Distinguishing hypochondriasis and schizophrenia using regional homogeneity: a resting-state fMRI study and support vector machine analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Kangyu Jin ◽  
Zhe Shen ◽  
Guoxun Feng ◽  
Zhiyong Zhao ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Regional Homogeneity ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Fmri Study

Abstract Objective: A few former studies suggested there are partial overlaps in abnormal brain structure and cognitive function between Hypochondriasis (HS) and schizophrenia (SZ). But their differences in brain activity and cognitive function were unclear. Methods: 21 HS patients, 23 SZ patients, and 24 healthy controls (HC) underwent Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) with the regional homogeneity analysis (ReHo), subsequently exploring the relationship between ReHo value and cognitive functions. The support vector machines (SVM) were used on effectiveness evaluation of ReHo for differentiating HS from SZ. Results: Compared with HC, HS showed significantly increased ReHo values in right middle temporal gyrus (MTG), left inferior parietal lobe (IPL) and right fusiform gyrus (FG), while SZ showed increased ReHo in left insula, decreased ReHo values in right paracentral lobule. Additionally, HS showed significantly higher ReHo values in FG, MTG and left paracentral lobule but lower in insula than SZ. The higher ReHo values in insula were associated with worse performance in MCCB in HS group. SVM analysis showed a combination of the ReHo values in insula and FG was able to satisfactorily distinguish the HS and SZ patients. Conclusion: our results suggested the altered default mode network (DMN), of which abnormal spontaneous neural activity occurs in multiple brain regions, might play a key role in the pathogenesis of HS, and the resting-state alterations of insula closely related to cognitive dysfunction in HS. Furthermore, the combination of the ReHo in FG and insula was a relatively ideal indicator to distinguish HS from SZ.

scholarly journals Peripheral Interleukin-18 Is Negatively Correlated With Abnormal Brain Activity In Patients With Depression: A Resting-State fMRI Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangdong Du ◽  
Siyun Zou ◽  
Yan Yue ◽  
Xiaojia Fang ◽  
Yuxuan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Interleukin 18 ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Rest State Fmri ◽  
Healthy Control

Abstract Background: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) may participate in the development of major depressive disorder, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore whether IL-18 correlates with areas of the brain associated with depression.Methods: Using a case-control design, 68 subjects (34 patients and 34 healthy controls) underwent clinical assessment, blood sampling, and resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). The total Hamilton depression-17 (HAMD-17) score was used to assess depression severity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect IL-18 levels. Rest-state fMRI was conducted to explore the spontaneous brain activity. Results: The level of IL-18 was higher in patients with depression in comparison with health controls. IL-18 and degree centrality (DC) were negatively correlated with the left posterior cingulate gyrus in the depression patient group, but no correlation was found in the healthy control group. Conclusion: This study suggests the involvement of IL-18 in the pathophysiological mechanism for depression and interference with brain activity.

scholarly journals Altered functional connectivity of brain regions based on a meta‐analysis in patients with T2DM: A resting‐state fMRI study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongsheng Zhang ◽  
Jie Gao ◽  
Xuejiao Yan ◽  
Min Tang ◽  
Xia Zhe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Maximizing Dissimilarity in Resting State detects Heterogeneous Subtypes in Healthy population associated with High Substance-Use and Problems in Antisocial Personality

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan Kashyap ◽  
Sagarika Bhattacharjee ◽  
B.T. Thomas Yeo ◽  
SH Annabel Chen
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Single Subjects ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Common ◽  
Subcortical Regions

AbstractPatterns in resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) are widely used to characterize the trait effects of brain function. In this aspect, multiple rs-fMRI scans from single subjects can provide interesting clues about the rs-fMRI patterns, though scan-to-scan variability pose challenges. Therefore, rs-fMRI’s are either concatenated or the functional connectivity is averaged. This leads to loss of information. Here, we use an alternative way to extract the rs-fMRI features that are common across all the scans by applying Common-and-Orthogonal-Basis-Extraction (COBE) technique. To address this, we employed rs-fMRI of 788 subjects from the human connectome project and estimated the common-COBE-component of each subject from the four rs-fMRI runs. Since the common-COBE-component are specific to a subject, the pattern was used to classify the subjects based on the similarity/dissimilarity of the features. The subset of subjects (n=107) with maximal-COBE-Dissimilarity (MCD) was extracted and the remaining subjects (n = 681) formed the COBE-similarity (CS) group. The distribution of weights of the common-COBE-component for the two groups across rs-fMRI networks and subcortical regions was evaluated. We found the weights in the default mode network to be lower in the MCD compared to the CS. We compared the scores of 69 behavioral measures and found 6 behaviors related to the use of marijuana, illicit drugs, alcohol, and tobacco; and including a measure of antisocial personality to differentiate the two groups. Gender differences were also significant. Altogether findings suggested that subtypes exist even in healthy control population and comparison studies (Case vs Control) need to be mindful of it.

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