Acute effects of moderate-intensity cycling exercise on endothelial function in young healthy men: An investigation using the reactive hyperemia index

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hiroya Koshiba ◽  
Etsuko Maeshima
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia Index

scholarly journals Exercise intensity and the protection from postprandial vascular dysfunction in adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (11) ◽  
pp. H1443-H1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bond ◽  
P. E. Gates ◽  
S. R. Jackman ◽  
L. M. Corless ◽  
C. A. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Acute exercise transiently improves endothelial function and protects the vasculature from the deleterious effects of a high-fat meal (HFM). We sought to identify whether this response is dependent on exercise intensity in adolescents. Twenty adolescents (10 male, 14.3 ± 0.3 yr) completed three 1-day trials: 1) rest (CON); 2) 8 × 1 min cycling at 90% peak power with 75 s recovery [high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE)]; and 3) cycling at 90% of the gas exchange threshold [moderate-intensity exercise (MIE)] 1 h before consuming a HFM (1.50 g/kg fat). Macrovascular and microvascular endothelial function was assessed before and immediately after exercise and 3 h after the HFM by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and laser Doppler imaging [peak reactive hyperemia (PRH)]. FMD and PRH increased 1 h after HIIE [ P < 0.001, effect size (ES) = 1.20 and P = 0.048, ES = 0.56] but were unchanged after MIE. FMD and PRH were attenuated 3 h after the HFM in CON ( P < 0.001, ES = 1.78 and P = 0.02, ES = 0.59). FMD remained greater 3 h after the HFM in HIIE compared with MIE ( P < 0.001, ES = 1.47) and CON ( P < 0.001, ES = 2.54), and in MIE compared with CON ( P < 0.001, ES = 1.40). Compared with CON, PRH was greater 3 h after the HFM in HIIE ( P = 0.02, ES = 0.71) and MIE ( P = 0.02, ES = 0.84), with no differences between HIIE and MIE ( P = 0.72, ES = 0.16). Plasma triacylglycerol concentration and total antioxidant status concentration were not different between trials. We conclude that exercise intensity plays an important role in protecting the vasculature from the deleterious effects of a HFM. Performing HIIE may provide superior vascular benefits than MIE in adolescent groups.

scholarly journals Effects of Upright and Recumbent Cycling on Executive Function and Prefrontal Cortex Oxygenation in Young Healthy Men

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 882-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Faulkner ◽  
Danielle Lambrick ◽  
Sebastian Kaufmann ◽  
Lee Stoner
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Cycle Exercise ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Healthy Men

Background:The purpose of this study was to assess the acute effects of posture (upright vs recumbent) during moderate-intensity cycle exercise on executive function and prefrontal cortex oxygenation in young healthy adults.Methods:Seventeen physically active men (24.6 ± 4.3 years) completed 2 30-minute submaximal exercise tests (conditions: upright and recumbent cycle ergometry). Executive function was assessed using the “color” and “word” Stroop task, preexercise (resting) and postexercise. Regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) to the prefrontal cortex was continuously monitored using near-infrared spectroscopy.Results:Significant improvements in executive function (Stroop color and word tasks) were observed after 30 minutes of exercise for both upright and recumbent cycling (P < .05). However, there were no differences in executive function between cycling conditions (P > .05). A significant increase in rSO2 was recorded immediately postexercise compared with preexercise for both conditions (P < .05), with a trend (P = .06) for higher peak rSO2 following recumbent cycling compared with upright cycling (81.9% ± 6.5% cf 79.7% ± 9.3%, respectively).Conclusions:Although submaximal cycling exercise acutely improves cognitive performance and prefrontal oxygenation, changes in cognition are not perceived to be dependent on body posture in young, healthy men.

scholarly journals Changes in brachial artery endothelial function and resting diameter with moderate-intensity continuous but not sprint interval training in sedentary men

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninette Shenouda ◽  
Jenna B. Gillen ◽  
Martin J. Gibala ◽  
Maureen J. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Sprint Interval Training ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Healthy Men

Moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) improves peripheral artery function in healthy adults, a phenomenon that reverses as continued training induces structural remodeling. Sprint interval training (SIT) elicits physiological adaptations similar to MICT, despite a lower exercise volume and time commitment; however, its effect on peripheral artery function and structure is largely unexplored. We compared peripheral artery responses to 12 wk of MICT and SIT in sedentary, healthy men (age = 27 ± 8 yr). Participants performed MICT (45 min of cycling at 70% peak heart rate; n = 10) or SIT (3 × 20-s “all out” cycling sprints with 2 min of recovery; n = 9), and responses were compared with a nontraining control group (CTL, n = 6). Allometrically scaled brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) increased 2.2% after 6 wk of MICT and returned to baseline levels by 12 wk, but did not change in SIT or CTL (group × time interaction, P = 0.04). Brachial artery diameter increased after 6 and 12 wk (main effect, P = 0.03), with the largest increases observed in MICT. Neither training protocol affected popliteal relative FMD and diameter, or central and lower limb arterial stiffness (carotid distensibility, central and leg pulse wave velocity) ( P > 0.05 for all). Whereas earlier and more frequent measurements are needed to establish the potential presence and time course of arterial responses to low-volume SIT, our findings suggest that MICT was superior to the intense, but brief and intermittent SIT stimulus at inducing brachial artery responses in healthy men. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We compared the effects of 12 wk of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and sprint interval training (SIT) on peripheral artery endothelial function and diameter, and central and lower limb stiffness in sedentary, healthy men. Whereas neither training program affected the popliteal artery or stiffness indexes, we observed changes in brachial artery function and diameter with MICT but not SIT. Brachial artery responses to SIT may follow a different time course or may not occur at all.

scholarly journals Acute effects of chlorogenic acids on endothelial function and blood pressure in healthy men and women

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 2197-2203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie C. Ward ◽  
Jonathan M. Hodgson ◽  
Richard J. Woodman ◽  
Diane Zimmermann ◽  
Laure Poquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Chlorogenic Acids ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Healthy Men

Coffee is a rich source of polyphenols, primarily chlorogenic acids (CGA).

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory fitness modulates the acute flow-mediated dilation response following high-intensity but not moderate-intensity exercise in elderly men

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 1238-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom G. Bailey ◽  
Maria Perissiou ◽  
Mark Windsor ◽  
Fraser Russell ◽  
Jonathan Golledge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Vascular Adaptation

Impaired endothelial function is observed with aging and in those with low cardiorespiratory fitness (V̇o2peak). Improvements in endothelial function with exercise training are somewhat dependent on the intensity of exercise. While the acute stimulus for this improvement is not completely understood, it may, in part, be due to the flow-mediated dilation (FMD) response to acute exercise. We examined the hypothesis that exercise intensity alters the brachial (systemic) FMD response in elderly men and is modulated by V̇o2peak. Forty-seven elderly men were stratified into lower (V̇o2peak = 24.3 ± 2.9 ml·kg−1·min−1; n = 27) and higher fit groups (V̇o2peak = 35.4 ± 5.5 ml·kg−1·min−1; n = 20) after a test of cycling peak power output (PPO). In randomized order, participants undertook moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE; 40% PPO) or high-intensity interval cycling exercise (HIIE; 70% PPO) or no-exercise control. Brachial FMD was assessed at rest and 10 and 60 min after exercise. FMD increased after MICE in both groups {increase of 0.86% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.17–1.56], P = 0.01} and normalized after 60 min. In the lower fit group, FMD was reduced after HIIE [reduction of 0.85% (95% CI, 0.12–1.58), P = 0.02] and remained decreased at 60 min. In the higher fit group, FMD was unchanged immediately after HIIE and increased after 60 min [increase of 1.52% (95% CI, 0.41–2.62), P < 0.01, which was correlated with V̇o2peak, r = 0.41; P < 0.01]. In the no-exercise control, FMD was reduced in both groups after 60 min ( P = 0.05). Exercise intensity alters the acute FMD response in elderly men and V̇o2peak modulates the FMD response following HIIE but not MICE. The sustained decrease in FMD in the lower fit group following HIIE may represent a signal for vascular adaptation or endothelial fatigue. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to show that moderate-intensity continuous cycling exercise increased flow-mediated dilation (FMD) transiently before normalization of FMD after 1 h, irrespective of cardiorespiratory fitness level in elderly men. Interestingly, we show increased FMD after high-intensity cycling exercise in higher fit men, with a sustained reduction in FMD in lower fit men. The prolonged reduction in FMD after high-intensity cycling exercise may be associated with future vascular adaptation but may also reflect a period of increased cardiovascular risk in lower fit elderly men.

Effect of drug-coated balloons versus bare-metal stents on endothelial function in patients with severe lower limb peripheral artery disease

Vascular ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 548-556
Author(s):  
Omid Shafe ◽  
Jamal Moosavi ◽  
Mehdi H Shishehbor ◽  
Hamid Sedigh ◽  
Hooman Bakhshandeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Bare Metal Stents ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Metal Stents ◽  
Bare Metal ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia Index ◽  
Vessel Patency

Background Research shows impaired endothelial function in patients with vascular diseases and improved endothelial function following revascularization and medical treatment. There is, however, a dearth of data on the effects of different endovascular therapeutic strategies on endothelial function. We sought to compare the effects of two endovascular strategies of drug-coated balloons versus stenting on endothelial function. Methods The reactive hyperemia index, the ankle-brachial index, and the toe-brachial index were measured in patients undergoing endovascular revascularization preprocedurally and on the 90th postprocedural day. After adjusting for baseline line characteristics, reactive hyperemia index were compared between the two groups at baseline and at 90 days. Results Between January 2018 and March 2019, 86 patients were prospectively included in a non-randomized manner. Drug-coated ballooning alone was carried out on 46 patients, and bailout stenting after plain balloon angioplasty was performed on the remaining 40 patients The post-revascularization reactive hyperemia index exhibited a significant rise in both groups (1.58 ± 0.21 vs. 1.43 ± 0.20; P =  0.0001). There was no difference in the postprocedural reactive hyperemia index between the two treatment groups. Additionally, the follow-up reactive hyperemia index showed no significant change compared with the postprocedural reactive hyperemia index (1.58 ± 0.23 vs. 1.57 ± 0.22). The results of subgroup analysis between a group of clinically high-risk patients and a group of patients with complex lesions were similar to the aforementioned results. Conclusions The reactive hyperemia index was significantly improved by endovascular therapy in our study population. However, no difference was observed between drug-coated ballooning and bare-metal stenting, which highlights the effects of vessel patency on endothelial function.

Physiological changes in blood pressure impact peripheral endothelial function during adolescence

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Deda ◽  
Etienne B. Sochett ◽  
Farid H. Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Pubertal Status ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia Index ◽  
Pressure Impact ◽  
Principal Contributor

AbstractReactive hyperemia index is a measure of endothelial function used to assess subclinical atherosclerosis. When evaluated in healthy adolescents, significant changes in endothelial function were correlated with advancing age, pubertal status, and blood pressure. Blood pressure was the principal contributor to reactive hyperemia index variability independent of age, lipid profile, body mass index, and/or pubertal status. Interpretation of this peripheral vascular marker should include age and maturational changes in paediatric patients.

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