scholarly journals Investigating the Impact of Misinformation Sources on Health Issues: Implications for Public Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Isaakidou ◽  
Emmanouil Zoulias ◽  
Marianna Diomidous
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Fake News ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Area ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this work is to shortly provide the public with an overview about fake news and artificial intelligence (AI) technology. Especially in our days, where there is a high speed of spreading news, the impact of fake news on public health is crucial and the development of valid and effective means of technology to support the provision of safe and trustworthy information about public health issues is vital. The role of informatics in health area is profoundly important and AI in public health, so people will be able to distinguish the genuine information from the fake one.

Last Rights? Funerals, Poverty and Social Exclusion

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK DRAKEFORD
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Poor People ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Welfare State

This article considers the current state of help with funeral expenses in Britain. It argues that assistance has been progressively and deliberately eroded to the point where the famous ‘from the cradle to the grave’ protection of the welfare state has been removed from increasing numbers of poor people. The article sets these developments within the context of the contemporary British funeral industry, with emphasis upon its treatment of less-well-off consumers. The changing nature of social security provision for funeral expenses is traced in detail, including the actions of the incoming 1997 Labour government. This article investigates the public health role of local authorities in the case of burials, concluding that such services are insufficiently robust to meet the new weight placed upon them. The article ends with a consideration of the impact which these different changes produce in the lives of individuals upon whom they have an effect.

scholarly journals Epidemics, genome editing and human rights

2021 ◽  
pp. 199-209
Author(s):  
Branislav Fabry
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Western World ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
The Impact

The article deals with the contemporary legal and ethical challenges, caused by coronavirus COVID-19. It analyses the reason why the western world was so much surprized by that pandemics. The text mentions the succeses of western medicine in the battle against epidemics in the 20th century and sees it as one of the reason for underestimating the public health issues in 21st century. The article also emphasizes on other contemporary threat, the antimicrobiotic resistance and the need for new legal answers to pandemics. It deals with problem of human genome editing as the central topic by creating of hereditary immunity against new viral threats. The text also mentions the risks of such new treatment and the impact on human dignity that is understood as leading value in the contemporary legal regulation on biotechnology.

scholarly journals The human exposome unraveling the impact of environment on health

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Polido Kaneshiro Olympio ◽  
Fernanda Junqueira Salles ◽  
Ana Paula Sacone da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Elizeu Chiodi Pereira ◽  
Allan Santos de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Area ◽  
The Impact

Considering the innovative nature of the approach to human exposome, we present the state of the art of studies on exposome, and discuss current challenges and perspectives in this area. Several reading and discussion activities were conducted by the Expossoma e Saúde do Trabalhador (eXsat – Group Exposome and Worker’s Health), with systematization of the literature in the area published between January 2005 and January 2017, available in the databases PubMed and Web of Science. This comment brings a thematic analysis to encourage the dissemination of the exposome approach for studies in the Public Health area.

scholarly journals Challenges and Opportunities for Communication about the Role of Genomics in Public Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Caitlin G. Allen ◽  
Ridgely Fisk Green ◽  
Scott Bowen ◽  
W. David Dotson ◽  
Wei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Genomic Information ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
The Public ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
The Impact

Despite growing awareness about the potential for genomic information to improve population health, lingering communication challenges remain in describing the role of genomics in public health programs. Identifying and addressing these challenges provide an important opportunity for appropriate communication to ensure the translation of genomic discoveries for public health benefits. In this commentary, we describe 5 common communication challenges encountered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Office of Genomics and Precision Public Health based on over 20 years of experience in the field. These include (1) communicating that using genomics to assess rare diseases can have an impact on public health; (2) providing evidence that genetic factors can add important information to environmental, behavioral, and social determinants of health; (3) communicating that although genetic factors are nonmodifiable, they can increase the impact of public health programs and communication strategies; (4) addressing the concern that genomics is not ready for clinical practice; and (5) communicating that genomics is valuable beyond the domain of health care and can be integrated as part of public health programs. We discuss opportunities for addressing these communication challenges and provide examples of ongoing approaches to communication about the role of genomics in public health to the public, researchers, and practitioners.

scholarly journals Public Health Communication in France during the Spanish Flu and the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Experts

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Klara Dankova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Public Health Communication ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Spanish Flu ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Impact

In times of crisis, a government’s communication with the public is fundamental, as one of the government’s main tasks is to provide critical information to protect the population. In the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic, public health communication has been paramount because of the elevated risk of contagion. Moreover, in public health communication, experts play a pivotal role by providing reliable information on the basis of their technical expertise. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is often compared to that of the Spanish flu, a pandemic occurring in 1918-1919, whose global spread decimated tens of millions of people. This contribution aims to assess the role of experts in the two crises by highlighting the differences in France’s public health communication during the two events. Assuming that the objectives of public health communication during the two pandemics were more or less identical, i.e. to prevent the spread of disease and inform and protect the public, the paper inquires about the means used to achieve them, focusing on the contribution of experts. The main characteristics of public health communication during the Spanish flu will be investigated by analysing articles published in the period between 1918 and 1919 in two French newspapers Le Matin and Le Petit Parisien. In terms of the current COVID-19 pandemic, this paper will probe articles published since December 2019 in the newspaper Le Monde.

scholarly journals It is Disturbing, in Spite of the Existence of Appropriate Legislation, Illegal Distribution of Medicines

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdeen Mustafa Omer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Drug Companies ◽  
Drug Regulations ◽  
Government Deficit ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The strategy of price liberalisation and privatisation had been implemented in Sudan over the last decade, and has had a positive result on government deficit. The investment law approved recently has good statements and rules on the above strategy in particular to pharmacy regulations. Under the pressure of the new privatisation policy, the government introduced radical changes in the pharmacy regulations. To improve the effectiveness of the public pharmacy, resources should be switched towards areas of need, reducing inequalities and promoting better health conditions. Medicines are financed either through cost sharing or full private. The role of the private services is significant. A review of reform of financing medicines in Sudan is given in this study. Also, it highlights the current drug supply system in the public sector, which is currently responsibility of the Central Medical Supplies Public Corporation (CMS). In Sudan, the researchers did not identify any rigorous evaluations or quantitative studies about the impact of drug regulations on the quality of medicines and how to protect public health against counterfeit or low quality medicines, although it is practically possible. However, the regulations must be continually evaluated to ensure the public health is protected against by marketing high quality medicines rather than commercial interests, and the drug companies are held accountable for their conduct.

scholarly journals DISINFORMATION TRANSGRESSION AND THE ANTI-VACINE GROUPS ON FACEBOOK

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. a13en
Author(s):  
Tiago Mainieri ◽  
Rafael Borges Marques
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
The Public ◽  
Prevention System ◽  
Coverage Rates

The article proposal is to discuss the role of social media spreading fake news in the health context analysing misinformation content that circulate in one of the main anti-vaccine groups on Facebook. The proliferation of fake news is supported by a misinformation network whose nature exposes the fragility of the public health prevention system and the risk of the return of some diseases in Brazil. As a result of the misinformation, there is a decrease in vaccination coverage rates and there is an increased exposure of people to diseases.

scholarly journals Organised lying and professional legitimacy: Public relations’ accountability in the disinformation debate

2020 ◽  
pp. 026732312096685
Author(s):  
Lee Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Commercial Opportunity ◽  
The Impact

The role of the public relations industry in the disinformation debate has been largely overlooked, while an emphasis has been put on the responsibilities of platforms, media organisations and audiences to monitor content and eliminate fake news. In contrast, this article argues that disinformation and fake news are well-established tools in public relations work and are implicated in the current crisis. Drawing on an exploratory study of UK industry publications about fake news and disinformation, the article shows that public relations has addressed disinformation as a commercial opportunity and a platform for demonstrating professional legitimacy. Industry narratives position professional practice as ethical, trustworthy and true, while simultaneously ‘othering’ dubious practices and normalising ‘organised lying’. The article concludes by arguing that the fight against disinformation must take seriously the impact of public relations, if it is to be effective.

scholarly journals Genetic Research: The Role of Citizens, Public Health and International Stakeholders

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piergiorgio Fedeli ◽  
Claudia Casella ◽  
Claudio Buccelli ◽  
Nunzia Cannovo ◽  
Vincenzo Graziano
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Health Utility ◽  
Good Clinical Practice ◽  
Family Risk ◽  
The Public ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

Background:Genetic research has become an indispensable instrument for medical research, and the subjects involved have both divergent and convergent interests.Objective:The possibility of having more detailed genetic information undoubtedly offers benefits for the health of the subject, but could also pose risks and make the subject vulnerable to discrimination.Methods:The scientific community has viewed very favorably the public health utility of family history, in which data from a family whose members suffer from chronic pathologies is collected and filed, in order to develop a sort of “stratification of family risk.”Even though in the last decade the scientific and juridical literature has contributed greatly to the topic of biobanks, the perplexities that continue to surround this theme give the idea that current ethical protocols on research are inadequate.Results:Researchers, citizens, International stakeholders, mass media, Public Health and Governments play a key role in genetic research. It is obvious that the methods used for genetic research do not present intrinsic risks; they are much less dangerous than other activities of diagnosis and research. Before authorizing a research project, it is important to reflect on the responsibility and transparency of the studies to be conducted, and on the impact they may have on the interests of public health.Conclusion:We believe that the highest priority need is to develop a common language on the theme, as is the case in the sphere of clinical experimentation where rules of good clinical practice, albeit at times conflicting, have led to uniform convergences in the scientific world on the points to be actuated.

scholarly journals Skills building seminar: Develop collaborative tools among public health societies to mutually reinforce their interventions

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
National Level ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mutual Support ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Collaborative Tools ◽  
Country Level ◽  
National Public Health ◽  
The Impact

Abstract National public health societies face specific national challenges but also common challenges in several countries but in specific national contexts. At EPH2018, a first workshop entitled ‘ Can national public health societies work together for mutual support on their daily challenges? “ had allowed the national public health societies represented to highlight their interest and their ability to work together. Among the different lines of work identified, one of them was particularly emphasized: ‘How to make allies and influence health policies?’. This line of work brings different reflections: When adopt postures of conflict and / or cooperation with the public authorities? How to choose to argue from evidence based public health and / or to build and tell simple and consistent stories? What are the situations where we risk going from ‘collaborating with’ actors to’being manipulated by’ actors? What are the conditions for forming effective alliances in public health? Several topics have been identified as common issues facing the different national public health societies: migration and health, alcohol, food and information of public, physical activities and active mobility, environmental pollution. As part of this workshop we want to share the feedback of experiences presented by several national public health companies on common public health issues to learn lessons to strengthen their actions. The feedback presented will help identify and construct shared analysis frameworks, to identify the conditions favoring the influence of national public health societies. The development of these common tools will strengthen their interventions at a national level and enhance their collective effectiveness at the European level. EUPHA is the relevant framework for inscribing this approach in time and space. Key messages Eupha is the ideal place to meet other public health companies and find opportunities to develop practical transnational collaborations for a better impact of public health at the national level. The sharing of experience on common topics will strengthen the influence of the SNSPs and the impact of their actions at the country level.

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