Priority employment concerns identified by Americans with MS residing in rural areas: Results of a national survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Phillip D. Rumrill, ◽  
David R. Strauser ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Richard T. Roessler ◽  
Fong Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Employment Concerns

Empathy not quarantined: Association between people’s empathy to others and the COVID-19 pandemic situations based on a national survey study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibin Jiang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Bu Zhong ◽  
Xuebing Qin
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Media ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Affective Response ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
The Social

BACKGROUND The Covid-19 pandemic had turned the world upside down, but not much is known about how people’s empathy might be affected by the pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study examined 1) how empathy towards others might be influenced by the social support people obtained by using social media; and 2) how the individual demographics (e.g., age, income) may affect empathy. METHODS A national survey (N = 943) was conducted in China in February 2020, in which the participants read three real scenarios about low-income urban workers (Scenario I), small business owners in cities (Scenario II), and farmers in rural areas (Scenario III) who underwent hardship due to COVID-19. After exposure to others’ difficulties in the scenarios, the participants’ empathy and anxiety levels were measured. We also measured the social support they had by using social media. RESULTS Results show that social support not only positively impacted empathy, β = .30, P < .001 for Scenario I, β = .30, P < .001 for Scenario II, and β = .29, P < .001 for Scenario III, but also interacted with anxiety in influencing the degree to which participants could maintain empathy towards others, β = .08, P = .010 for Scenario I, and β = .07, P = .033 for scenario II. Age negatively predicted empathy for Scenario I, β = -.08, P = .018 and Scenario III, β = -.08, P = .009, but not for Scenario II, β = -.03, P = .40. Income levels – low, medium, high – positively predicted empathy for Scenario III, F (2, 940) = 8.10, P < .001, but not for Scenario I, F (2, 940) = 2.14, P = .12, or Scenario II, F (2, 940) = 2.93, P = .06. Participants living in big cities expressed greater empathy towards others for Scenario III, F (2, 940) = 4.03, P =.018, but not for Scenario I, F (2, 940) = .81, P = .45, or Scenario II, F (2, 940) = 1.46, P =.23. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to the literature by discovering the critical role empathy plays in people’s affective response to others during the pandemic. Anxiety did not decrease empathy. However, those gaining more social support on social media showed more empathy for others. Those who resided in cities with higher income levels were more empathetic during the COVID-19 outbreak. This study reveals that the social support people obtained helped maintain empathy to others, making them resilient in challenging times.

scholarly journals Lending by Rural Banks Involved in Mergers

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Walraven
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Sample Period ◽  
Holding Companies ◽  
Rural Firms ◽  
Using Data

AbstractThis paper employed a variety of sources of data and a number of methods to describe rural lending markets. Over the sample period, 1992 through 1998, there was a pronounced trend towards affiliation of banks, both urban and rural, with holding companies, although over this period there was little change in the concentration of banking offices in rural areas. Using data from the 1993 National Survey of Small Business Finances, the study found some evidence that rural small businesses were less likely to apply for a loan than urban small firms although those rural firms that did apply were more likely to have their application accepted.

The Adoption and Use of Health Information Technology in Rural Areas: Results of a National Survey

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit Singh ◽  
Michael I. Lichter ◽  
Andrew Danzo ◽  
John Taylor ◽  
Thomas Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Health Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Rural Areas

scholarly journals Prevalence of double burden on malnutrition at household level in four Latin America countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanrieti Rotelli Temponi ◽  
Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Maternal Overweight

Abstract Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of maternal overweight and short stature in children at household level in Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia and Peru. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study. Population-based studies on children (0-5 years old) and women (15 to 49 years old) who participated in the Pesquisa Nacional de Demografia e Saúde da Criança e da Mulher(National Survey on Children and Women Demography and Health) in Brazil and the Encuesta Nacional de Demografía y Salud, (National Survey on Demography and Health), in Bolivia, Colombia and Peru. Variables of interest: overweight mother and child with short stature, a double burden when both outcomes are present. Global prevalence and stratification, according to rural and urban areas and 95% confidence intervals, were estimated. Results: the global sample consisted of 26,506 households. The prevalence of double burden was 9.3% in Bolivia (CI95%= 8.3-10.4), 6.7% in Peru (CI95%=5.9-7.5), Colombia (3.2%; CI95%=2.8-3.6) and Brazil (2.2%; CI95%=1.4-3.2). The highest prevalence were observed in the rural areas in Bolivia (13% vs 6.5%; p<0.001) and Peru (11.9% vs 4.1%; p<0.001). Conclusions: the highest prevalence were registered in Peru and Bolivia, and the lowest in Brazil and Colombia.

scholarly journals National fortification of staple foods can make a significant contribution to micronutrient intake of South African adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelia P Steyn ◽  
Petro Wolmarans ◽  
Johanna H Nel ◽  
Lesley T Bourne
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
South African ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Maize Meal ◽  
Calcium Iron

AbstractBackgroundA national survey found that micronutrient deficiencies are prevalent in South African children, particularly calcium, iron, zinc, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin A, E and C. Mandatory fortification of maize meal and wheat flour were introduced in 2003 to combat some of the deficiencies found in children. To date however, there has not been a national survey on dietary intake in adults.ObjectivesThe main objectives of this study were to evaluate the micronutrient intake of the diet consumed by the average adult South African by means of secondary data analyses and secondly to evaluate the effects of fortification on selected nutrient intakes.Study designSecondary data analysis was carried out with numerous dietary surveys on adults to create a database that included sampling (and weighting) according to ethnic/urban–rural residence in line with the population census, of which 79% were black Africans and the majority resided in rural areas. The effect of fortification was evaluated by substituting fortified foods in the diet for the unfortified products.SubjectsThe combined database used in this study comprised 3229 adults.ResultsMean calcium, iron, folate and vitamin B6 intakes were very low particularly in women. Mean intakes of most micronutrients were lower in rural areas. Fortification of maize meal and wheat flour (bread) raised mean levels of thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6 and folate above the recommended nutrient intakes (RNIs). In women, despite fortification, mean iron intakes remained below the RNIs, as did calcium since it was not in the fortification mix.ConclusionThe average dietary intake of adults was of poor nutrient density, particularly in rural areas. Fortification of maize meal and wheat flour (bread) considerably improved mean vitamin B6, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, folate and iron intakes as well as the overall mean adequacy ratio of the diet.

Day-case adenoidectomy: how popular and safe in a rural environment?

1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Siddiqui ◽  
M. W. Yung
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Day Case ◽  
East Anglia ◽  
Better Than

AbstractIn spite of previously favourable reports on day-case adenoidectomy, thereare still worries amongst otolaryngologists that such practice is unsafe, especially in arural environment. A national survey was therefore carried out which shows that only 41 per cent of respondents perform adenoidectomy routinely as day-case, and even fewer in rural areas. A regional audit on day-case adenoidectomy, covering five hospitals, was conducted in East Anglia. Between 1994 to 1995, 73 day-case adenoidectomies were performed and the outcome was compared to those of 183 in-patient adenoidectomies during the same period. The children in the day-case group recovered post-operatively even better than the in-patient group. None of them stayed overnight or required re-admission. There was no increased in post-operative consultation to the general practitioner. The parents in the day-case group were mostly in favour of the day-case arrangement (88 per cent). The results suggest that day-case adenoidectomy is safe and popular with parents even in a rural environment.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZING INTERVENTION OPPORTUNITIES AMONG HOME-DELIVERED MEALS PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS: RESULTS FROM THE 2017 NATIONAL SURVEY OF OLDER AMERICANS ACT PARTICIPANTS AND A NEW YORK CITY SURVEY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. El Shatanofy ◽  
J. Chodosh ◽  
M.A. Sevick ◽  
J. Wylie-Rosett ◽  
L. DeLuca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Technology Readiness ◽  
Computer Design ◽  
Technological Readiness

Background: The Home Delivered Meals Program (HDMP) serves a vulnerable population of adults aged 60 and older who may benefit from technological services to improve health and social connectedness. Objective: The objectives of this study are (a) to better understand the needs of HDMP participants, and (b) to characterize the technology-readiness and the utility of delivering information via the computer. Design: We analyzed data from the 2017 NSOAAP to assess the health and functional status and demographic characteristics of HDMP participants. We also conducted a telephone survey to assess technology use and educational interests among NYC HDMP participants. Measurements: Functional measures of the national sample included comorbidities, recent hospitalizations, and ADL/IADL limitations. Participants from our local NYC sample completed a modified version of the validated Computer Proficiency Questionnaire. Technology readiness was assessed by levels of technology use, desired methods for receiving health information, and interest in learning more about virtual senior centers. Results: About one-third (32.4%) of national survey HDMP participants (n=902) reported insufficient resources to buy food and 17.1% chose between food or medications. Within the NYC HDMP participant survey sample (n=33), over half reported having access to the internet (54.5%), 48.5% used a desktop or laptop, and 30.3% used a tablet, iPad, or smartphone. Conclusion: The HDMP provides an opportunity to reach vulnerable older adults and offer additional resources that can enhance social support and improve nutrition and health outcomes. Research is warranted to compare technological readiness of HDMP participants across urban and rural areas in the United States.

scholarly journals Towards a Reconsideration of Female Migration Patterns in Burkina Faso

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gael Le Jeune ◽  
Victor Piché ◽  
Jean Poirier
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Event History ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
History Data ◽  
Female Migration ◽  
Event History Data ◽  
Migration Dynamics

This study focuses on changes in female migration patterns during the last fifty years in Burkina Faso. We examine migration paths and reasons for moving between ages 12 and 25 for women of rural origin using event history data drawn from the Migration Dynamics, Urban Integration and Environment in Burkina Faso National Survey conducted in 2000. The results show that female migration patterns are changing in a subtle and complex way. Women are emigrating more out of rural areas and experiencing increased multiple move trajectories. Motives are also less-family driven and more related to education and labour market considerations.

Training Aides to Screen Children for Speech and Language Problems

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisue Pickering ◽  
William R. Dopheide
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
School Personnel ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Elementary School Age ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
Language Problems ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Large Scale Screening

This report deals with an effort to begin the process of effectively identifying children in rural areas with speech and language problems using existing school personnel. A two-day competency-based workshop for the purpose of training aides to conduct a large-scale screening of speech and language problems in elementary-school-age children is described. Training strategies, implementation, and evaluation procedures are discussed.

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