Vitis vinifera bZIP14 functions as a transcriptional activator and enhances drought stress resistance via suppression of reactive oxygen species

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-558
Author(s):  
Yi-He Yu ◽  
Lu Bian ◽  
Ke-Ke Yu ◽  
Sheng-Di Yang ◽  
He-Cheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Transient Expression Assay ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Catalase Peroxidase ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Accumulation ◽  
Physiologic Role

Background: Drought stress affects grapevine growth and development and reduces berry yield and quality. Identifying genes that are involved in the plant response to drought stress will enable the development of new grape strains that are tolerant to drought. Objective: We cloned the VvibZIP14 gene from Vitis vinifera and analyzed its role in drought resistance. Methods: Gene expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Subcellular localization was assessed with a transient expression assay. The transactivation activity of the protein was evaluated in yeast. The physiologic role of VvibZIP14 was analyzed by overexpressing VvibZIP14 in Arabidopsis following drought stress. Hydrogen peroxide accumulation in Arabidopsis was visualized by diaminobenzidine staining. Results: Drought stress caused the accumulation of VvibZIP14, which was localized in the nucleus and had transcriptional activity. Transgenic plants showed improved resistance to drought stress and reduced electrolyte leakage compared to plants overexpressing empty vector, whereas chlorophyll content, photosystem II maximal photochemical efficiency, and net photosynthetic rate were higher. Catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities were also increased in VvibZIP14-overexpressing plants subjected to drought stress. Conclusions: VvibZIP14 functions as a transcription factor that confers resistance to drought stress in grape by enhancing the antioxidant response.

Chloride and amino acids are associated with K+-alleviated drought stress in tea (Camellia sinesis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianchen Zhang ◽  
Honghong Wu ◽  
Jingguang Chen ◽  
Linmu Chen ◽  
Xiaochun Wan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Tea Plants

Drought is one of the main limiting factors affecting tea plant yield and quality. Previous studies have reported that K+ (potassium) application significantly alleviated drought-induced damage in tea plants. However, the intrinsic mechanisms underlying K+-alleviated drought stress are still obscure. In our study, two contrasting varieties, Taicha12 (drought tolerant) and Fuyun6 (drought sensitive), were used to investigate the intrinsic mechanisms behind K+-alleviated drought stress in tea plants. In the present study, we compared with the case of tea plants under drought: higher water and chlorophyll contents were found in drought-stressed tea plants with an external K+ supply, confirming the role of externally supplied K+ in mitigating drought stress. We also found that an adequate K+ supply promoted Cl– accumulation in the mesophyll of Taicha12 (drought tolerant) over that of in Fuyun6 (drought sensitive). Moreover, Gly, Cys, Lys and Arg were not detected in Fuyun6 under ‘Drought’ or ‘Drought + K+’ conditions. Results showed that an exogenous supply of Arg and Val significantly alleviated drought-induced damage in Fuyun6, suggesting their role in K+-alleviated drought stress in tea plants. Collectively, our results show that chloride and amino acids are important components associated with K+-alleviated drought stress in tea plants.

scholarly journals Selenium Supplementation and Crop Plant Tolerance to Metal/Metalloid Toxicity

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirza Hasanuzzaman ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Pedro García-Caparrós ◽  
Khursheda Parvin ◽  
Faisal Zulfiqar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Low Concentrations

Selenium (Se) supplementation can restrict metal uptake by roots and translocation to shoots, which is one of the vital stress tolerance mechanisms. Selenium can also enhance cellular functions like membrane stability, mineral nutrition homeostasis, antioxidant response, photosynthesis, and thus improve plant growth and development under metal/metalloid stress. Metal/metalloid toxicity decreases crop productivity and uptake of metal/metalloid through food chain causes health hazards. Selenium has been recognized as an element essential for the functioning of the human physiology and is a beneficial element for plants. Low concentrations of Se can mitigate metal/metalloid toxicity in plants and improve tolerance in various ways. Selenium stimulates the biosynthesis of hormones for remodeling the root architecture that decreases metal uptake. Growth enhancing function of Se has been reported in a number of studies, which is the outcome of improvement of various physiological features. Photosynthesis has been improved by Se supplementation under metal/metalloid stress due to the prevention of pigment destruction, sustained enzymatic activity, improved stomatal function, and photosystem activity. By modulating the antioxidant defense system Se mitigates oxidative stress. Selenium improves the yield and quality of plants. However, excessive concentration of Se exerts toxic effects on plants. This review presents the role of Se for improving plant tolerance to metal/metalloid stress.

The role of biochar in alleviating soil drought stress in urban roadside greenery

Geoderma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 404 ◽  
pp. 115223
Author(s):  
You Jin Kim ◽  
Junge Hyun ◽  
Sin Yee Yoo ◽  
Gayoung Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Soil Drought

scholarly journals Deconjugation of bilirubin-IX alpha glucuronides: a physiologic role of hepatic microsomal beta-glucuronidase.

1993 ◽  
Vol 268 (31) ◽  
pp. 23197-23201
Author(s):  
J.F. Whiting ◽  
J.P. Narciso ◽  
V Chapman ◽  
B.J. Ransil ◽  
R.T. Swank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiologic Role

scholarly journals Spermine: Its Emerging Role in Regulating Drought Stress Responses in Plants

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Md. Mahadi Hasan ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Mohammad Shah Jahan ◽  
Md. Nazmul Hossain ◽  
Zunaira Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
New Information ◽  
Effects Of Drought

In recent years, research on spermine (Spm) has turned up a lot of new information about this essential polyamine, especially as it is able to counteract damage from abiotic stresses. Spm has been shown to protect plants from a variety of environmental insults, but whether it can prevent the adverse effects of drought has not yet been reported. Drought stress increases endogenous Spm in plants and exogenous application of Spm improves the plants’ ability to tolerate drought stress. Spm’s role in enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms, glyoxalase systems, methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification, and creating tolerance for drought-induced oxidative stress is well documented in plants. However, the influences of enzyme activity and osmoregulation on Spm biosynthesis and metabolism are variable. Spm interacts with other molecules like nitric oxide (NO) and phytohormones such as abscisic acid, salicylic acid, brassinosteroids, and ethylene, to coordinate the reactions necessary for developing drought tolerance. This review focuses on the role of Spm in plants under severe drought stress. We have proposed models to explain how Spm interacts with existing defense mechanisms in plants to improve drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Role of melatonin in improving growth, yield quantity and quality of Moringa oleifera L. plant under drought stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mervat Sh. Sadak ◽  
Aboelfetoh M. Abdalla ◽  
Ebtihal M. Abd Elhamid ◽  
M. I. Ezzo
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Growth Yield

Foliar application and seed priming of salicylic acid affect growth, fruit yield, and quality of grape tomato under drought stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 109904
Author(s):  
Remi Chakma ◽  
Arindam Biswas ◽  
Pantamit Saekong ◽  
Hayat Ullah ◽  
Avishek Datta
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Protein Synthesis in Human Leukocytes and Lymphocytes: 1. Effect of Steroids and Sterols

Blood ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEYMOUR WERTHAMER ◽  
CARL HICKS ◽  
LEONARD AMARAL
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Amino Acid Incorporation ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Physiologic Role

Abstract The in vitro effects of sterols, cholesterol and 3-methyl cholanthrene and steroids, cortisol, prednisolone and testosterone on protein synthesis in separate popultions of human lymphocytes and leukocytes has been investigated. It has been shown that all agents used result in the inhibition of protein synthesis under these conditions. It has also been shown that the inhibitory mechanism of the steroid hormones requires the presence of plasma, presumably as a protein binding factor in order to achieve its effect. The sterol, cholesterol and 3-methyl cholanthrene, in the absence of plasma, still inhibit amino acid incorporation. However, in the case of cholesterol, the magnitude of inhibition is lower than that observed in the presence of plasma, perhaps indicating a partial plasma dependence. The results presented therefore support the hypothesis that the inhibition of lymphocyte protein synthesis by steroid hormones occurs only when the steroid is bound to a plasma protein. The physiologic role of the plasma protein-cortisol complex and its relation to the condition of lymphopenia in man is discussed.

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