Neural Mechanism of Shentai Tea Polyphenols on Cognitive Improvements for Individuals with Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Lianghui Ni ◽  
Mingyan Zhao ◽  
Zhishan Hu ◽  
Kun Yang ◽  
Xing Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Tea Polyphenols ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Background: A growing awareness about non-pharmacological intervention for cognitively impaired individuals may represent an alternative therapeutic approach that is actively accepted by patients with very early stage of Alzheimer’s disease. Understanding the neural basis of non-pharmacological intervention is a crucial step toward wide use for patients with cognitive disorders. Objective: To investigate the underlying neural mechanism of shentai tea polyphenols in subjects with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods: A total number of 36 patients with SCD participated in the study and received supplementation with shentai tea polyphenols for three months. All participants underwent a series of tests on neuropsychological function and fNIRS assessment during n-back tasks at baseline and follow-up. Results: After intervention with shentai tea polyphenols in SCD, increased cerebral activity was observed in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), left premotor cortex (PMC), left primary somatosensory cortex (PSC), right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and premotor cortex (PMC). Moreover, shentai tea polyphenols intervention of three months significantly improved SCD subjects’ cognitive functions (memory, language, and subjective cognitive ability) and depression condition. We further found that the improvement of HAMD and AVLT-R scores had positive correlations with increased brain activity in right IFG and left DLPFC, respectively. Conclusion: This study provides new evidence that the frontal cortex was found to be specifically activated after non-pharmacological intervention of shentai tea polyphenols in SCD, which may be associated with cognitive enhancement and mental wellbeing. These findings provide important implications for the selection of shentai tea polyphenols interventions for SCD.

scholarly journals 161 Brain Activation Assessed with Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (FNIRS) During Stepping and Gait in Older People and Those with PD

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv34-iv39
Author(s):  
Jasmine Menant ◽  
Paulo Pelicioni ◽  
Yoshiro Okubo ◽  
Colleen Canning ◽  
Daina Sturnieks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Yahr Stage

Abstract Background and Aim Past research has shown that compared with healthy peers, people with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) generate poorer stepping responses and display reduced ability to adapt gait to unexpected targets and obstacles. However, the neural basis of these impairments in PD is unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate cortical activation in pre-frontal and motor areas using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during stepping and gait adaptability in people with PD, compared with healthy adults. Methods Forty-four people with PD (>40 years, Hoen & Yahr stage 1-3) and 44 healthy age and sex-matched healthy adults performed three cognitively-demanding stepping tasks and a test of gait adaptability. We recorded relative changes in oxy-haemoglobin (HbO) and deoxy-haemoglobin (HbR) concentrations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, supplementary motor area, premotor cortex and primary cortex using fNIRS. Results Data collection is ongoing with >75% participants already assessed. We will conduct between group-comparisons to compare HbO and HbR concentrations in the selected regions of interest in the stepping and the gait adaptability tests. Physical and cognitive predictors of brain activation in each task in each group will also be computed using regression models. Conclusion Based on the results of our recent systematic review of fNIRS-recorded brain activation during walking tasks (1), we hypothesise that compared with healthy-aged matched peers, people with PD will show increased prefrontal and motor cortices activation during stepping and gait adaptability tests. This would suggest that people with PD require more attentional resources for safe walking. Reference (1) Pelicioni et al. Prefrontal cortical activation measured by fNIRS during walking: effects of age, disease and secondary task. Peer J 2019; 7: e6833.

scholarly journals Mapping the small-world properties of brain networks in deception with functional near-infrared spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Zhang ◽  
Xiaohong Lin ◽  
Genyue Fu ◽  
Liyang Sai ◽  
Huafu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Small World ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Complex Network Theory ◽  
Path Lengths

Abstract Deception is not a rare occurrence among human behaviors; however, the present brain mapping techniques are insufficient to reveal the neural mechanism of deception under spontaneous or controlled conditions. Interestingly, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has emerged as a highly promising neuroimaging technique that enables continuous and noninvasive monitoring of changes in blood oxygenation and blood volume in the human brain. In this study, fNIRS was used in combination with complex network theory to extract the attribute features of the functional brain networks underling deception in subjects exhibiting spontaneous or controlled behaviors. Our findings revealed that the small-world networks of the subjects engaged in spontaneous behaviors exhibited greater clustering coefficients, shorter average path lengths, greater average node degrees, and stronger randomness compared with those of subjects engaged in control behaviors. Consequently, we suggest that small-world network topology is capable of distinguishing well between spontaneous and controlled deceptions.

scholarly journals Functional near-infrared spectroscopy combined with unilateral task-oriented training with and without an orthosis in subacute stroke: A pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Jin Zi Li ◽  
Yih Wong ◽  
Birgitta Langhammer ◽  
Fu Biao Huang ◽  
Xiao Xia Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Subacute Stroke ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Task Oriented

Abstract Background The recovery of upper extremity motor deficits represents a functional challenge for persons with stroke. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanisms of Unilateral task-oriented training combined with dynamic hand orthosis for the recovery in subacute stroke by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods This was a pilot randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded trial. A total sample of 30 subacute persons with stroke were randomized into two groups: the orthosis group and the usual exercise group. All participants received four weeks (60 min/day, 5 days/week) of unilateral upper limb training. The orthosis group wore a dynamic hand orthosis during half the training (30 min/day). O2Hb concentrations and a laterality index for bilateral premotor cortex, sensorimotor cortex by fNIRS were calculated as outcome indicators that were measured at baseline and 4 weeks after the interventions. Clinical outcomes were collected for correlation analysis. Results No significant difference in O2Hb concentrations change between two groups. Cortical activation shifted from the ipsilateral to the contralateral premotor cortex and from the contralateral to the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex in both groups. In the Orthosis group, the change of Fugl-Meyer Assessment of arm score was positively correlated to the shift to contralateral premotor cortex activation and the change of Action Research Arm Test score was positively correlated to the shift to ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex activation. In the UL group, a negative correlation was observed between the shift to ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex and changes of Fugl-Meyer Assessment of arm score. Conclusion This is the first fNIRS study to explore the mechanism of recovery in subacute stroke after utilizing unilateral task-oriented training and a dynamic orthosis. The current results suggest that fNIRS combined with clinical tests may be useful to evaluate the mechanism of stroke recovery after different rehabilitation interventions. Trial registration: Registered on January 11, 2018 at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03396939). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/home.

A Study of Frontal Signals in Brain Computer Interfaces: Interpretation of EEG & FNIRS

2020 ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
S. Srilekha ◽  
B. Vanathi
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Healthy Subject ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Brain Computer Interfaces ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Rehabilitation Devices

This paper focuses on electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) comparison to help the rehabilitation patients. Both methods have unique techniques and placement of electrodes. Usage of signals are different in application based on the economic conditions. This study helps in choosing the signal for the betterment of analysis. Ten healthy subject datasets of EEG & FNIRS are taken and applied to plot topography separately. Accuracy, Sensitivity, peaks, integral areas, etc are compared and plotted. The main advantages of this study are to prompt their necessities in the analysis of rehabilitation devices to manage their life as a typical individual.

61-LB: Use of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to Assess Cognitive Effort in KATP-Related Neonatal Diabetes (KATP-NDM)

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 61-LB
Author(s):  
LISA R. LETOURNEAU-FREIBERG ◽  
KIMBERLY L. MEIDENBAUER ◽  
ANNA M. DENSON ◽  
PERSEPHONE TIAN ◽  
KYOUNG WHAN CHOE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Neonatal Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy

The Use of fNIRS for Unique Contributions to Social and Affective Neuroscience

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Burns ◽  
Matthew D. Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Affective Neuroscience ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Psychological Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Meaningful Interaction

Social and affective neuroscience studies the neurophysiological underpinnings of psychological experience and behavior as it relates to the world around us. Yet, most neuroimaging methods require the removal of participants from their rich environment and the restriction of meaningful interaction with stimuli. In this Tools of the Trade article, we explain functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as a neuroimaging method that can address these concerns. First, we provide an overview of how fNIRS works and how it compares to other neuroimaging methods common in social and affective neuroscience. Next, we describe fNIRS research that highlights its usefulness to the field – when rich stimuli engagement or environment embedding is needed, studies of social interaction, and examples of how it can help the field become more diverse and generalizable across participant populations. Lastly, this article describes how to use fNIRS for neuroimaging research with points of advice that are particularly relevant to social and affective neuroscience studies.

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