scholarly journals Mapping the small-world properties of brain networks in deception with functional near-infrared spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Zhang ◽  
Xiaohong Lin ◽  
Genyue Fu ◽  
Liyang Sai ◽  
Huafu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Small World ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Complex Network Theory ◽  
Path Lengths

Abstract Deception is not a rare occurrence among human behaviors; however, the present brain mapping techniques are insufficient to reveal the neural mechanism of deception under spontaneous or controlled conditions. Interestingly, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has emerged as a highly promising neuroimaging technique that enables continuous and noninvasive monitoring of changes in blood oxygenation and blood volume in the human brain. In this study, fNIRS was used in combination with complex network theory to extract the attribute features of the functional brain networks underling deception in subjects exhibiting spontaneous or controlled behaviors. Our findings revealed that the small-world networks of the subjects engaged in spontaneous behaviors exhibited greater clustering coefficients, shorter average path lengths, greater average node degrees, and stronger randomness compared with those of subjects engaged in control behaviors. Consequently, we suggest that small-world network topology is capable of distinguishing well between spontaneous and controlled deceptions.

scholarly journals Mapping the small-world properties of brain networks in Chinese to English simultaneous interpreting by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 1840001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Lin ◽  
Victoria Lai Cheng Lei ◽  
Defeng Li ◽  
Zhishan Hu ◽  
Yutao Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Small World ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Simultaneous Interpreting ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Functional Brain Networks

The aim of this study is to examine the small-world properties of functional brain networks in Chinese to English simultaneous interpreting (SI) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). In particular, the fNIRS neuroimaging combined with complex network analysis was performed to extract the features of functional brain networks underling three translation strategies associated with Chinese to English SI: “transcoding” that takes the “shortcut” linking translation equivalents between Chinese and the English, “code-mixing” that basically does not involve bilingual processing, and “transphrasing” that takes the “long route” involving a monolingual processing of meaning in Chinese and then another monolingual processing of meaning in English. Our results demonstrated that the small-world network topology was able to distinguish well between the transcoding, code-mixing and transphrasing strategies related to Chinese to English SI.

scholarly journals Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for the Classification of Motor-Related Brain Activity on the Sensor-Level

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander E. Hramov ◽  
Vadim Grubov ◽  
Artem Badarin ◽  
Vladimir A. Maksimenko ◽  
Alexander N. Pisarchik
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Hemispheric Lateralization ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Sensor-level human brain activity is studied during real and imaginary motor execution using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Blood oxygenation and deoxygenation spatial dynamics exhibit pronounced hemispheric lateralization when performing motor tasks with the left and right hands. This fact allowed us to reveal biomarkers of hemodynamical response of the motor cortex on the motor execution, and use them for designing a sensing method for classification of the type of movement. The recognition accuracy of real movements is close to 100%, while the classification accuracy of imaginary movements is lower but quite high (at the level of 90%). The advantage of the proposed method is its ability to classify real and imaginary movements with sufficiently high efficiency without the need for recalculating parameters. The proposed system can serve as a sensor of motor activity to be used for neurorehabilitation after severe brain injuries, including traumas and strokes.

scholarly journals Multimodal Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Monitoring Cerebral Haemodynamic: A Review Article

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Fairuz Mohd Nasir ◽  
Hiroshi Watabe
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Xenon Ct ◽  
Cerebral Hemodynamic

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an optical imaging tool to study brain activities. Moreover, many researchers combined fNIRS with other modalities to gain a better understanding of the brain. This paper provides an overview of the combination of fNIRS with other imaging modalities in the detection and measurement of the cerebral hemodynamic. Cerebral haemodynamic such as the cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV) and cerebral blood oxygenation (CBO) are the important parameters in many neuroimaging studies. Cerebral hemodynamic had been studied by various medical imaging modalities.  Initially, Xenon enhanced Computed Tomography (Xenon CT), Computed Tomography (CT) perfusion; Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET) are used to measure the cerebral hemodynamic. Recently, fNIRS is used to optically observe the changes in cerebral haemodynamic during brain activities and the combination of fNIRS with other modalities also become an interest to study the relations within brain activities and the cerebral hemodynamic. Therefore, this paper provides an overview of existing multimodal fNIRS in detection of cerebral haemodynamic changes and provides an important insight on how multimodal fNIRS aid in advancing modern investigations of human brain function.       Keywords: multimodal imaging, fNIRS-fMRI, fNIRS-PET, fNIRS-EEG

Neural Mechanism of Shentai Tea Polyphenols on Cognitive Improvements for Individuals with Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Lianghui Ni ◽  
Mingyan Zhao ◽  
Zhishan Hu ◽  
Kun Yang ◽  
Xing Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Tea Polyphenols ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Background: A growing awareness about non-pharmacological intervention for cognitively impaired individuals may represent an alternative therapeutic approach that is actively accepted by patients with very early stage of Alzheimer’s disease. Understanding the neural basis of non-pharmacological intervention is a crucial step toward wide use for patients with cognitive disorders. Objective: To investigate the underlying neural mechanism of shentai tea polyphenols in subjects with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods: A total number of 36 patients with SCD participated in the study and received supplementation with shentai tea polyphenols for three months. All participants underwent a series of tests on neuropsychological function and fNIRS assessment during n-back tasks at baseline and follow-up. Results: After intervention with shentai tea polyphenols in SCD, increased cerebral activity was observed in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), left premotor cortex (PMC), left primary somatosensory cortex (PSC), right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and premotor cortex (PMC). Moreover, shentai tea polyphenols intervention of three months significantly improved SCD subjects’ cognitive functions (memory, language, and subjective cognitive ability) and depression condition. We further found that the improvement of HAMD and AVLT-R scores had positive correlations with increased brain activity in right IFG and left DLPFC, respectively. Conclusion: This study provides new evidence that the frontal cortex was found to be specifically activated after non-pharmacological intervention of shentai tea polyphenols in SCD, which may be associated with cognitive enhancement and mental wellbeing. These findings provide important implications for the selection of shentai tea polyphenols interventions for SCD.

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