Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurotransmitters, Cytokines, and Chemokines in Alzheimer’s and Lewy Body Diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mychael V. Lourenco ◽  
Felipe C. Ribeiro ◽  
Luis E. Santos ◽  
Danielle Beckman ◽  
Helen M. Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Lewy Body ◽  
Lewy Body Disease ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Lewy Body Diseases

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Lewy body disease (LBD) are complex neurodegenerative disorders that have been associated with brain inflammation and impaired neurotransmission. Objective: We aimed to determine concentrations of multiple cytokines, chemokines, and neurotransmitters previously associated with brain inflammation and synapse function in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from AD and LBD patients. Methods: We examined a panel of 50 analytes comprising neurotransmitters, cytokines, chemokines, and hormones in CSF in a cohort of patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD, LBD, or non-demented controls (NDC). Results: Among neurotransmitters, noradrenaline (NA) was increased in AD CSF, while homovanillic acid (HVA), a dopamine metabolite, was reduced in both AD and LBD CSF relative to NDC. Six cytokines/chemokines out of 30 investigated were reliably detected in CSF. CSF vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was significantly reduced in LBD patients relative to NDC. Conclusions: CSF alterations in NA, HVA, and VEGF in AD and LBD may reflect pathogenic features of these disorders and provide tools for improved diagnosis. Future studies are warranted to replicate current findings in larger, multicenter cohorts.

scholarly journals Insights into Lewy body disease from rare neurometabolic disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Erskine ◽  
Johannes Attems
Keyword(s):  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Lewy Body ◽  
Lewy Body Disease ◽  
Neuroaxonal Dystrophy ◽  
Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Neurometabolic Disorders ◽  
Lewy Body Diseases

AbstractProfessor Kurt Jellinger is well known for his seminal work on the neuropathology of age-associated neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Lewy body diseases. However, it is less well known that he also contributed important insights into the neuropathological features of several paediatric neurometabolic diseases, including Alpers–Huttenlocher syndrome, a syndrome of mitochondrial disease caused by POLG mutations, and infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy, a phenotype resulting from PLA2G6 mutations. Despite these rare diseases occurring in early life, they share many important pathological overlaps with age-associated Lewy body disease, particularly dysregulation of α-synuclein. In this review, we describe several neurometabolic diseases linked to Lewy body disease mechanisms, and discuss the wider context to pathological overlaps between neurometabolic and Lewy body diseases. In particular, we will focus on how understanding disease mechanisms in neurometabolic disorders with dysregulated α-synuclein may generate insights into predisposing factors for α-synuclein aggregation in idiopathic Lewy body diseases.

scholarly journals Low vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-8 in cerebrospinal fluid of suicide attempters

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. e196-e196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Isung ◽  
S Aeinehband ◽  
F Mobarrez ◽  
B Mårtensson ◽  
P Nordström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Reduced but not oxidized cerebrospinal fluid glutathione levels are lowered in Lewy body diseases

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Maetzler ◽  
Stefan P. Schmid ◽  
Isabel Wurster ◽  
Inga Liepelt ◽  
Alexandra Gaenslen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Lewy Body ◽  
Lewy Body Diseases

scholarly journals Implications of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, sFlt-1, and sTie-2 in Plasma, Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid during Cerebral Ischemia in Man

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Michael Scheufler ◽  
Joachim Drevs ◽  
Vera van Velthoven ◽  
Petra Reusch ◽  
Joachim Klisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Pyruvate Ratio

The relation between cerebral ischemia and local release of angiogenic factors was investigated after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in humans. Time-dependent concentration-changes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), sFlt-1 and sTie-2 extracted from plasma, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid (ventricular, cisternal, and lumbar) were analyzed in 15 patients surgically treated for ruptured aneurysms of the anterior circulation (Hunt and Hess grades I-V). Data were related to brain Po2 (Pbro2) and cerebral energy metabolites (extracellular lactate, pyruvate, glutamate, and glycerin concentrations) as well as clinical and radiologic reference data. Delayed impairment of cerebral perfusion secondary to progressive microcirculatory alterations was associated with reduced local Pbro2 and energy metabolism (increased lactate-pyruvate ratio, glutamate and glycerine levels). Elevated serum/plasma and CSF concentrations of VEGF, sFlt-1, and sTie-2 matched the scale of ischemic tissue hypoxia. Excessive VEGF/sFlt-1 and sTie-2 levels were related to Pbro2 values consistently less than 5 mm Hg, glutamate concentrations greater than 300 μmol/L, lactate-pyruvate ratio greater than 300, cerebral infarction, and reduced outcome ( P < 0.01). Delayed microcirculatory impairment was mirrored by distinct elevation of cisternal and arterial VEGF and sFlt-1 concentrations, suggesting local induction of angiogenesis. Arterial levels of VEGF, sFlt-1, and sTie-2 reflect both extent and time course of compensatory, yet clinically inefficient, angiogenesis in the absence of general hypoxia.

Elevated Levels of Cytokines and Chemokines in Patients with Antiphospholipid (aPL) Antibodies.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 5062-5062
Author(s):  
Silvia S Pierangeli ◽  
Laura Aline Martinez-Martinez ◽  
Renan Aguilar-Valenzuela ◽  
Gerald Mc Gwin ◽  
Ellis Doan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Multiplex Assay ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Pilot Clinical Study ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Abstract Abstract 5062 Purpose Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) are two closely related diseases. APL antibodies are present in 30-40% of SLE patients. Studies have indicated that certain cytokines, chemokines, tissue factor (TF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble (s) E-selectin (sE-sel), tumor necrosis (TNF)-a, may be associated with APS and/or SLE. However, whether those biomarkers are elevated in plasma of APS patients with or without SLE is uncertain. Here we examined whether the levels of cytokines/chemokines in aPL antibody-positive patients positive are different from controls. Methods Twenty-two sera/plasma of patients with significantly and persistently elevated levels aPL antibodies (IgG and/or IgM aCL, and/or IgG and/or IgM anti-β2glycoprotein I (β2GPI) and/or positive lupus anticoagulant (LAC), demographic and clinical data were obtained from an on-going pilot clinical study (clinical trials.gov#NCT00674297). Patients that were on more than 10 mg prednisone/day, or on other immunosuppressive therapy, or on hydroxychloroquine or on statins were excluded. Thirty-two healthy donors with no evidence of autoimmune, infectious or inflammatory diseases were used as controls. .Levels of IL1b, IL6, IL8, TNF-a, VEGF, IP-10, sCD40L were measured in serum using a Millipore Millliplex” Multiplex Assay; titers of sE-sel, and sTF were detected by ELISA. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare levels of biomarkers in aPL positive subjects vs. controls and Spearman tests to correlate levels of the biomarkers in the different subgroups of patients. Results Significant number of aPL-positive samples had elevated levels of IL1b, IL6, TNF-a, VEGF, IP-10, sCD40L, sTF, sCD40L and sE-sel and their titers were significantly different when compared to controls. APS /SLE patients (n=8) showed significantly higher levels of TNF-a compared to APS without SLE (n=6), to “asymptomatic” aPL positive (n=4), to “asymptomatic” aPL positive with SLE (n=2) or with “catastrophic” APS (n=2) patients (p=0.00630). Conclusions This study underscores the importance of identifying biomarkers of disease that may help to better understand pathogenic mechanisms, predict disease activity and possibly to better address treatment of patients with aPL antibodies. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

The CST3 BB Genotype and Low Cystatin C Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels are Associated with Dementia in Lewy Body Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 937-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Maetzler ◽  
Benjamin Schmid ◽  
Matthis Synofzik ◽  
Claudia Schulte ◽  
Karin Riester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Lewy Body ◽  
Lewy Body Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels ◽  
Fluid Levels
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