scholarly journals Early Emergence of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Cognitively Normal Subjects and Mild Cognitive Impairment

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Keiichiro Tsunoda ◽  
Toru Yamashita ◽  
Yosuke Osakada ◽  
Ryo Sasaki ◽  
Koh Tadokoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Early Emergence ◽  
Cognitively Normal Subjects

scholarly journals The Risk of Incident Mild Cognitive Impairment and Progression to Dementia Considering Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzeyu L. Michaud ◽  
Dejun Su ◽  
Mohammad Siahpush ◽  
Daniel L. Murman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Ε4 Allele ◽  
Cognitively Normal Subjects

Background: It remains unclear how demographic and clinical characteristics are related to the risk of incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by its subtypes. Moreover, the contribution of the subtypes of incident MCI to the progression to dementia remains puzzling. Methods: We used data collected by the National Alzheimer Coordinating Center. Our analysis sample included cognitively normal subjects at baseline. The associations were examined using competing-risks survival regression models and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: About 16.3% of subjects developed incident MCI of whom 15.8% progressed to Alz­heimer disease (overall mean follow-up of 4.3 years). The risk of incident amnestic MCI (aMCI) was greater in subjects with 1 copy (subhazard ratio [SHR]: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.00–1.50) or 2 copies (SHR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.49–3.05) of the APOE ε4 allele than in those who had no ε4 allele. Multiple-domain aMCI patients were more likely to progress to dementia than single-domain aMCI patients (hazard ratio: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.28–3.58). Conclusions: Cognitively normal subjects with an APOE ε4 allele had a higher likelihood of developing aMCI and the MCI subtype was associated with the dementia subtype. Our findings provide important information about practical indicators for the prediction of cognitive decline.

scholarly journals P1-309: NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS PREDICT CONVERSION TO MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN COGNITIVELY NORMAL OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. P361-P362
Author(s):  
Shanna Cooper ◽  
Kelsey R. Thomas ◽  
Alexandra J. Weigand ◽  
Christina G. Wong ◽  
Emily C. Edmonds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cognitively Normal

Hearing Loss and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Findings from the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Heywood ◽  
Qi Gao ◽  
Ma Shwe Zin Nyunt ◽  
Lei Feng ◽  
Mei Sian Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Cognitively Normal

Aim: To investigate the associations between hearing loss and prevalent and incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia and MCI or dementia (all cases). Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of baseline and follow-up data were performed in a population-based cohort. The baseline sample of 2,599 adults aged ≥55 included 1,515 cognitively normal subjects who were followed up to 8 years. Hearing loss at baseline was determined by the whispered voice test, and MCI and dementia by Mini-Mental State Examination screening, Clinical Dementia Rating scale, neurocognitive tests, MRI, and panel consensus diagnosis. Results: Hearing impairment was associated with increased prevalence of dementia (odds ratio = 3.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-11.4, p = 0.027) but not MCI alone or all cases of MCI or dementia, adjusted for sex, age, ethnicity, education, central obesity, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, alcohol, leisure time activity, cardiac diseases, and depressive symptoms. Among participants who were cognitively normal at baseline, those with hearing impairment were more likely to develop MCI or dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.30, 95% CI 1.08-4.92, p = 0.032). Hearing loss was associated with elevated but statistically nonsignificant estimates of adjusted HR (1.85, 95% CI 0.78-4.40) for incident MCI alone. Conclusions: Hearing loss is independently associated with prevalent dementia and incident MCI or dementia.

scholarly journals Voxel-based morphometry in Alzheimers disease and mild cognitive impairment: Systematic review of studies addressing the frontal lobe

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Gustavo Ribeiro ◽  
Geraldo Busatto Filho
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Brain Changes

ABSTRACT Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) is a useful approach for investigating neurostructural brain changes in dementia. We systematically reviewed VBM studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), specifically focusing on grey matter (GM) atrophy in the frontal lobe. Methods: Two searches were performed on the Pubmed database. A set of exclusion criteria was applied to ensure the selection of only VBM studies that directly investigated GM volume abnormalities in AD and/or MCI patients compared to cognitively normal controls. Results: From a total of 46 selected articles, 35 VBM studies reported GM volume reductions in the frontal lobe. The frontal subregions, where most of the volume reductions were reported, included the inferior, superior and middle frontal gyri, as well as the anterior cingulate gyrus. We also found studies in which reduced frontal GM was detected in MCI patients who converted to AD. In a minority of studies, correlations between frontal GM volumes and behavioural changes or cognitive deficits in AD patients were investigated, with variable findings. Conclusion: Results of VBM studies indicate that the frontal lobe should be regarded as an important brain area when investigating GM volume deficits in association with AD. Frontal GM loss might not be a feature specific to late AD only. Future VBM studies involving large AD samples are warranted to further investigate correlations between frontal volume deficits and both cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Tau Deposition with [18F]PI-2620 by Using a Semiquantitative Method in Cognitively Normal Subjects and Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Attapon Jantarato ◽  
Sira Vachatimanont ◽  
Natphimol Boonkawin ◽  
Sukanya Yaset ◽  
Anchisa Kunawudhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Semiquantitative Analysis ◽  
Cognitively Normal

Background. Some studies have reported the effectiveness of [18F]PI-2620 as an effective tau-binding radiotracer; however, few reports have applied semiquantitative analysis to the tracer. Therefore, this study’s aim was to perform a semiquantitative analysis of [18F]PI-2620 in individuals with normal cognition and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods. Twenty-six cognitively normal (CN) subjects, 7 patients with AD, and 36 patients with MCI were enrolled. A dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) scan was performed 30–75 min postinjection. PET and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were coregistered. The standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr) was used for semiquantitative analysis. The P-Mod software was applied to create volumes of interest. The ANOVA and post hoc Tukey HSD were used for statistical analysis. Results. In the AD group, the occipital lobe had a significantly higher mean SUVr ( 1.46 ± 0.57 ) than in the CN and MCI groups. Compared with the CN group, the AD group showed significantly higher mean SUVr in the fusiform gyrus ( 1.06 ± 0.09 vs. 1.49 ± 0.86 ), inferior temporal ( 1.07 ± 0.07 vs. 1.46 ± 0.08 ), parietal lobe, lingual gyrus, and precuneus regions. Similarly, the AD group demonstrated a higher mean SUVr than the MCI group in the precuneus, lingual, inferior temporal, fusiform, supramarginal, orbitofrontal, and superior temporal regions. The remaining observed regions, including the striatum, basal ganglia, thalamus, and white matter, showed a low SUVr across all groups with no statistically significant differences. Conclusion. A significantly higher mean SUVr of [18F]PI-2620 was observed in the AD group; a significant area of the brain in the AD group demonstrated tau protein deposit in concordance with Braak Stages III–V, providing useful information to differentiate AD from CN and MCI. Moreover, the low SUVr in the deep striatum and thalamus could be useful for excluding primary tauopathies.

Ethnic Differences Between Hispanics and Non-Hispanic Whites in Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Predict Conversion to Mild Cognitive Impairment

2020 ◽  
pp. 089198872095708
Author(s):  
Bhaskar Thakur ◽  
Luis Alvarado ◽  
Christopher Dodoo ◽  
Ricardo Salazar ◽  
Alberto J. Espay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Physical Behavior ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Normal Cognition

The aim of the study is to ascertain the neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) subtypes significantly influencing progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by ethnicity. In this retrospective cohort study, we included 386 cognitively normal individuals participating in the longitudinal Texas Alzheimer’s Research and Care Consortium between February 2007 and August 2014. The primary outcome was time to incident MCI. Data driven NPS subtypes at baseline were identified and the effects of these subtypes on the outcome were obtained for Hispanic and non-Hispanic ethnic cohorts and summarized with a hazard ratio (HR). Three NPS subtypes were identified and internally validated: psychomotor apathy factor (including agitation, irritability, apathy), affective mood factor (including depression, anxiety), and physical behavior factor (including nighttime behavior, eating/appetite disturbances). In adjusted analysis, a psychomotor apathy score of NPS was the best predictor for MCI (HR = 2.19, p = 0.037) among non-Hispanics whereas physical behavior score was the most predictive of MCI (HR = 2.55, p = 0.029) among Hispanics. A high score of affective mood factor also tended to increase the risk of MCI (HR = 2.09, p = 0.06) in Hispanics. Progression from normal cognition to MCI was differentially predicted by NPS subtypes in Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites. These data may inform the allocation of efforts for monitoring individuals at-risk of MCI.

P3-266: NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS AND FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY IN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND COGNITIVELY NORMAL ELDERLY

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. P729-P729
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Munro ◽  
Nancy J. Donovan ◽  
Brendan Guercio ◽  
Sarah E. Wigman ◽  
Aaron Schultz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cognitively Normal

scholarly journals Validation of the Argentine version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MOCA): A screening tool for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia in Elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Cecilia M. Serrano ◽  
Marcos Sorbara ◽  
Alexander Minond ◽  
John B. Finlay ◽  
Raul L. Arizaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Sensory Disturbances ◽  
Cognitively Normal Subjects

ABSTRACT. The MoCA is a brief useful test to diagnose mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia (MD). To date, no Argentine cross-cultural adapted validations of the Spanish version have been reported. Objective: To validate the MoCA in the elderly and study its usefulness in MCI and MD. Methods: This study included 399 individuals over 60 years old evaluated in the Cognitive-Behavioral Department (2017-2018). Patients with<3 years of education, sensory disturbances, psychiatric disorders, or moderate-severe dementia were excluded. The control group comprised cognitively normal subjects. Participants were classified according to neuropsychological assessment and clinical standard criteria into Control, MCI or MD groups. A locally adapted MoCA (MOCA-A) was administered to the patients and controls. Results: Mean educational level was 10.34 years (SD 3.5 years). MoCA-A score differed significantly among groups (p<0.0001). MoCA-A performance correlated with educational level (r: 0.406 p<0.00001). Adopting a cut-off score ≥25 (YI=0.55), the sensitivity for MCI was 84.8% and for MD 100%, with specificity of 69.7%. When adding a single point to the score in patients with ≤12 years of education, the specificity of the test reached 81%. Conclusion: The MoCA-A is an accurate reliable screening test for MCI and MD in Argentina.

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