Comparison of soil microorganism abundance and diversity in stands of European aspen (Populus tremulaL.) and hybrid aspen (Populus tremuloidesMichx. ×P. tremulaL.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Grantina-Ievina ◽  
D Saulite ◽  
M Zeps ◽  
V Nikolajeva ◽  
N Rostoks
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microorganism ◽  
Hybrid Aspen ◽  
European Aspen ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

scholarly journals Stem damages caused by heart rot and large poplar borer on hybrid and European aspen

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martins Zeps ◽  
Silva Senhofa ◽  
Mara Zadina ◽  
Una Neimane ◽  
Aris Jansons
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Hybrid Aspen ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Rotation Periods ◽  
European Aspen ◽  
Increasing Risk

Abstract Solid wood production of hybrid aspen requires relative longer rotation periods, thus increasing risk of wood damages by pests and diseases. We compared damages by heart rot and poplar borer of 48 years old hybrid (Populus tremuloides Michx. × P. tremula L.) and European aspen in a progeny trial located in Eastern part of Latvia. Trees were harvested and rot patches and galleries were recorded and measured at a stump level. The number of galleries had positive relation on number of patches and total area of rot. The susceptibility of the rot and poplar borer was similar for both hybrid and European aspen. Yet, some differences among families were detected. No effect of pathogens damage was observed on the tree growth. Larger trees had smaller proportion and incidence of rot and galleries per unit of area as well as wider outer rot-free wood layer.

scholarly journals Assessment of European and hybrid aspen clones efficiency based on height growth and removal percentage of petroleum hydrocarbons—a field trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (36) ◽  
pp. 45555-45567
Author(s):  
Mir Md Abdus Salam ◽  
Muhammad Mohsin ◽  
Fahad Rasheed ◽  
Muhammad Ramzan ◽  
Zikria Zafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Hybrid Aspen ◽  
Global Environmental Issue ◽  
European Aspen ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
A Site

AbstractSoils polluted by organic or inorganic pollutants are an emerging global environmental issue due to their toxic effects. A phytoremediation experiment was conducted to evaluate the extraction potential of three European aspen clones (R2, R3, and R4) and seven hybrid aspen clones (14, 27, 34, 134, 172, 191, and 291) grown in soils polluted with hydrocarbons (includes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH)). Height growth, plant survival rates, and .hydrocarbon removal efficiencies were investigated over a 4-year period at a site in Somerharju, Luumaki Finland, to assess the remediation potential of the clones. Hydrocarbon content in the soil was determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The results revealed that hybrid aspen clones 14 and 34 and European aspen clone R3 achieved greater height growth (171, 171, and 114 cm, respectively) than the other clones in the study. Further, the greatest removals of PAH (90% at depth 10–50 cm) and (86% at depth 5–10 cm) were observed in plot G15 planted with clone R2. Furthermore, the greatest TPH removal rate at 5–10 cm depth (C22–C40, 97%; C10–C40, 96%; and C10–C21, 90%) was observed in plot 117 with clone 134. However, other clones demonstrated an ability to grow in soils with elevated levels of TPH and PAH, which indicates their tolerance to hydrocarbons and their potential capacity for phytoremediation of hydrocarbon-polluted soils. Our study suggests that European aspen and hybrid aspen clones could be used for the remediation of soils polluted with PAH and TPH.

DEVELOPMENTAL LOCALIZATION OF HOMOGALACTURONAN AND XYLOGLUCAN EPITOPES IN PIT MEMBRANES VARIES BETWEEN PIT TYPES IN TWO POPLAR SPECIES

IAWA Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Sik Kim ◽  
Geoffrey Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Immunogold Labeling ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Hybrid Aspen ◽  
Localization Pattern ◽  
Protective Layers ◽  
European Aspen ◽  
Ray Parenchyma ◽  
Xylem Formation ◽  
Late Stages

Localization of homogalacturonan (HG) and xyloglucan epitopes in developing and mature pit membranes from different pit types in xylem of Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michx. (hybrid aspen) and Populus tremula L. (European aspen) was investigated using immunogold labeling. Pit types not mediated by ray parenchyma (intervessel- and fiber pits) showed significant developmental changes in HG epitope localization. Both low- and high methyl-esterified HG epitopes (recognized by LM19 and LM20, respectively) were detected in developing pit membranes of intervessel- and fiber pits until late stages of xylem formation, whereas no HG- and high methyl-esterified HG epitopes were detected in mature intervessel (except for annulus regions of pit membranes)- and mature fiber pit membranes, respectively. In contrast, no notable developmental changes in HG epitope localization were detected in pit types mediated by ray parenchyma (vessel-ray-, ray- and fiber-ray pits) during pit maturation. Vesselray- and fiber-ray pits showed abundant low- and high methyl-esterified HG epitopes in pit membranes, while ray pits showed presence of primarily low methyl-esterified HG epitope during all stages of pit development including at maturity. With xyloglucan (recognized by LM15), specific developmental changes in epitope localization were detected in vessel-ray pits. Xyloglucan epitope was detected in developing vessel-ray pit membranes, but was almost absent in mature pit membranes. Instead, xyloglucan was detected in the protective layers of vessel-ray pits showing completely different localization pattern than homogalacturonan, which was only detected in pit membranes. Together, our results suggest that the chemistry of pit membranes varies depending on both the developmental stage and pit type.

X-ray scattering and microtomography study on the structural changes of never-dried silver birch, European aspen and hybrid aspen during drying

Holzforschung ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsi Leppänen ◽  
Ingela Bjurhager ◽  
Marko Peura ◽  
Aki Kallonen ◽  
Jussi-Petteri Suuronen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Tension Wood ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Hybrid Aspen ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
European Aspen ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ray Scattering

Abstract The impact of drying on the structure of the never-dried hardwood cell wall was studied at nanometer level by means of wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS, SAXS), and at micrometer level by X-ray microtomography (μCT). Never-dried silver birch, European aspen and hybrid aspen samples were measured by WAXS in situ during drying in air. The samples included juvenile and mature wood, as well as normal and tension wood to allow comparison of the effects of different matrix compositions and microfibril angles. The deformations of cellulose crystallites and amorphous components of the cell wall were detected as changes in the cellulose reflections 200 and 004 and amorphous halo in the WAXS patterns. Especially, the width of the reflection 004, corresponding to the cellulose chain direction, increased due to drying in all the samples, indicating an increase of strain and disorder of the chains. Also, the cellulose unit cell shrank 0.2–0.3% during drying in this direction in all the samples except in hybrid aspen tension wood. According to the SAXS results of silver birch, the distance between micro-fibrils decreased during drying. It was detected by μCT that the mean cross-sectional maximum width of the parenchymatous rays decreased from that of never-dried to air-dried birch by roughly 16%.

Impacts of elevated ozone and nitrogen on growth and photosynthesis of European aspen (Populus tremula) and hybrid aspen (P. tremula × Populus tremuloides) clones

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 2326-2336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Häikiö ◽  
Vera Freiwald ◽  
Tarja Silfver ◽  
Egbert Beuker ◽  
Toini Holopainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Hybrid Aspen ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Exposure System ◽  
European Aspen ◽  
Nitrogen Amendment

Impacts of elevated tropospheric ozone and soil nitrogen amendment on two native European aspen ( Populus tremula L.) and eight hybrid aspen (P. tremula L. × Populus tremuloides Michx.) clones were studied in a free-air ozone exposure system. Potted saplings were exposed to ambient (ca. 20 ppb) or 1.5× ambient ozone and two levels of soil nitrogen (39 and 78 kg N·ha–1·year–1 in the first year, 60 and 140 kg N·ha–1·year–1 in the second year for low-nitrogen and high-nitrogen treatments, respectively) over two growing seasons. The plants were measured for photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and biomass accumulation. Ozone decreased leaf-level net photosynthesis (Asat) in particular early in the growing season and maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) at the end of the growing season. Nitrogen amendment increased the growth of all plant parts and mitigated the adverse ozone effects. There were significant differences in ozone responses among the clones, and we were able to cluster the clones into sensitivity groups based on their growth responses. The most ozone-tolerant genotypes were hybrid aspen clones, indicating that populations that have already experienced selection for ozone-tolerant genotypes should be used to cross-breed with ozone-sensitive populations to achieve tolerance of a climate with increasing tropospheric ozone concentrations.

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