Nurt fenomenologiczno-egzystencjalny w polskiej współczesnej filozofii Boga

Stanisław Kowalczyk

doi:10.31743/vp.8879

Nurt fenomenologiczno-egzystencjalny w polskiej współczesnej filozofii Boga

Vox Patrum ◽

10.31743/vp.8879 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 505-511

Author(s):

Stanisław Kowalczyk

Keyword(s):

Personal Values ◽

Religious Faith ◽

Existence Of God ◽

Philosophy Of God

The main followers of phenomenological-existential trend in the field of philosophy of God in Poland are: Marian Jaworski, Józef Tischner and Karol Tarnowski. Jaworski united thomistic arguments for existence of God with augustian philosophy of subject and personal-axiological experience. Tischner completely rejected thomism and his philosophy of God based on anthropology and personal values. Tarnowski also was critical toward ontological-cosmological arguments for existence of God. He is fallower of G. Marcel and therefore accepted religious faith as basis of theism.

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BERTRAND RUSSELL E O DEBATE ATUAL SOBRE FÉ E RAZÃO

Síntese Revista de Filosofia ◽

10.20911/21769389v40n128p407-426/2013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (128) ◽

pp. 407

Author(s):

Agnaldo Cuoco Portugal

Keyword(s):

20Th Century ◽

Basic Assumption ◽

Religious Faith ◽

Alternative Conceptions ◽

Bertrand Russell ◽

Current Debate ◽

Existence Of God ◽

Faith And Reason ◽

The Third ◽

The Relationship

O presente artigo parte do famoso texto “Por que não sou cristão” de Bertrand Russell para apresentar algumas linhas fundamentais do debate atual sobre a relação entre fé e razão, e avaliar o quanto esse debate responde as indagações de Russell. Após expor as críticas do filósofo britânico aos principais argumentos em favor do teísmo, o artigo vai mostrar quatro abordagens da questão no debate atual. A primeira tenta dissolver o problema razão versus fé, ao defender que há concepções de fé que dispensam uma fundamentação da crença na existência de Deus. A segunda exemplifica as recentes abordagens da defesa argumentativa da crença na existência de Deus em termos indutivos e probabilísticos, apresentando algumas respostas às objeções de Russell. A terceira rejeita a tese fundamental de que a crença na existência de Deus só é racional se for baseada em argumentos. A quarta ataca o naturalismo cientificista pressuposto nas críticas de Russell à fé religiosa. Longe do que parecia no início do século XX, o debate sobre razão e fé está longe de resolvido.Abstract: This article stems from Bertrand Russell’s famous text “Why I am not a Christian” in order to present some fundamental lines of the current debate on the relationship between faith and reason and to assess to which extent this debate responds to Russell’s questions. After expounding the British philosopher’s criticisms to the main arguments offered to support theism, the article will show four approaches to the question in the current debate. The first one intends to dissolve the problem of faith versus reason by defending that there are alternative conceptions of faith which do not require a rational justification of the belief in the existence of God. The second exemplifies recent approaches concerning the arguments for the existence of God. This second approach uses inductive and probabilistic terms and presents some answers to Russell’s objections. The third one rejects the basic assumption that belief in the existence of God can only be rational if it is based on arguments. The fourth attacks the scientific naturalism which is presupposed by Russell’s criticisms towards religious faith. Different from what appeared to be at the beginning of the 20th century, the debate about faith and reason has yet to be resolved.

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Epistemology of “Natural Religion” by D. Hume: Hidden Paradoxes

History of Philosophy ◽

10.21146/2074-5869-2021-26-1-5-12 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 5-12

Author(s):

Vitaliy J. Darenskiy ◽

Keyword(s):

Scientific Knowledge ◽

Religious Faith ◽

Existence Of God ◽

Natural Religion ◽

The Real ◽

Radical Skepticism ◽

Proofs Of Knowledge

The article examines the paradoxes of the concept of “natural religion” by D. Hume, which arose as a result of his application of the method of radical skepticism to the subjects of religious faith. It is shown that the analysis of D. Hume is a movement from the original theses of a skeptical nature – to theses that coincide with traditional views. The main paradox of his concept is that the impossibility of rational proofs of knowledge of anything (including knowledge of the existence of God) leads to the fact that the basic epistemological category of D. Hume is the category of faith (belief). This, in turn, leads to the disappearance of fundamental differences between what is commonly called “positive” (scientific) knowledge and religious faith. Moreover, in this case, it is religious faith that turns out to be a kind of “model” of any knowledge as such. The merit of D. Hume in clarifying this question is that he clearly pointed out the illegality of separating the representation from the judgment and conclusion in acts of knowledge – and returning reflection to their primary unity in the real experience of consciousness.

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Philosophy of God in The View of Philosophers

Edugama: Jurnal Kependidikan dan Sosial Keagamaan ◽

10.32923/edugama.v5i2.967 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 16-35

Author(s):

Zaprulkhan Zaprulkhan

Keyword(s):

Religious Experience ◽

Human Being ◽

Human History ◽

Existence Of God ◽

Concept Of God ◽

Modern Times ◽

Moral Arguments ◽

Existential Needs ◽

Perceptions Of God ◽

Philosophy Of God

In every episode of human history, every human being must need God. There is no one who is not godless, even though they worship God according to their respective perceptions of God himself. According to historians, human devotion to God, the Creator is something that is both essential and existential needs of every human being. This fact can be seen also in the historical-sociological intellectual exploration conducted by Karen Armstrong about the search for humanity against God. From classical times to modern times, in Armstrong's search it turns out that every human being always constructs the concept of God. It is done by theologians, philosophers, Sufis, or reformers. Therefore, this article will explore the existence of God in the perspectives of philosophers which includes ontological arguments, cosmological arguments, teleological arguments, moral arguments, and arguments of religious experience.

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