scholarly journals Religious Belonging Today: Strategy and Values of Old-Believers and Neo-Pagans (Ural Case)

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Elena Golovneva

In contemporary Russia, on the one hand, there is a marked tendency towards re-strengthening of Orthodox Church. On the other hand, new patterns of religion and religious behaviour are manifest. This paper examines the alternative moral discourse in framework of “right-wing” religious practices in Ural region. Taking a comparative approach to religiosity, this investigation deals with different trajectories taken by Old-believers and Neopagans in Ural region to create new moral and social order for contemporary Russia. How do the people of different religious denominations within limits of region want to arrange their place, what do they aspire to, what do they want to express, and by what means? How do they create and maintain social cohesion? How do they express mutual acceptance and recognition, and how do they withhold it? These problems can obviously be described in terms of continuity and change, since religious models are either to be borrowed from some close or distant sources or to be elaborated anew according to particular social and ideological contexts.

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Wodak

Abstract In this paper, I discuss the attempt by all right-wing populist parties to create, on the one hand, the ‘real’ and ‘true’ people; and on the other, the ‘élites’ or ‘the establishment’ who are excluded from the true demos. Such divisions, as will be elaborated in detail, have emerged in many societies over centuries and decades. A brief example of the arbitrary construction of opposing groups illustrates the intricacies of such populist reasoning. Furthermore, I pose the question why such divisions resonate so well in many countries? I argue that – apart from a politics of fear (Wodak 2015) – much resentment is evoked which could be viewed as both accompanying as well as a reaction to the disenchantment with politics and the growing inequalities in globalized capitalist societies.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-653
Author(s):  
Gennadiy N. Mokshin

This article reconstructs the cultural doctrine of the famous publicist of populism (narodnichestvo), I.I. Kablits (Yuzov). To just equate Kablits views with the slogan of yuzovshchina would be a narrow interpretation of his kul'turnichestvo; the slogan is characteristic for extreme right-wing populism during the upsurge of the revolutionary populist movement (narodovol'cheskoe dvizhenie). In 1880, Kablits was the first of the legal populists to pose the question, What is populism? According to the publicist, true narodnichestvo should be based on the principle that the forms of public life of the people must be in conformity with the development level of their consciousness. The author explains Kablits evolution from Bakunism to a peasant-centered narodnichestvo by his interpretation of the reasons for the split between the intelligentsia and the people. Kablits considered them antagonists, and defined the ultimate goal of the narodniki as the liberation of the people from the power of the intellectualbureaucratic minority, the latter supposedly trying to subjugate the life of the masses to its will. The article analyzes the main provisions of Kablits sociocultural concept of social transformations: apolitism, populism, and the initiative of the masses. The article identifies the differences between his program of developing the cultural identity of the people, on the one hand, and other populists' understanding of the tasks of cultural work, on the other. Particular attention is paid to Kablits-Yuzov's attitude towards the problem of educating the masses. Kablits was one of the few Russian populists who opposed the idea that the foundations of the worldview of the people must be changed, arguing that this would eliminate the traditional moral values of the village, including the sense of collectivism. The author assesses how Kablits, the leading publicist of the newspaper Nedelya, contributed to the establishment of a cultural direction in narodnichestvo at the turn of the 1870s and 1880s. According to the author, Kablits played a leading role in shaping the ideology of the right flank of the cultural direction in narodnichestvo. However, the pure populism of Kablits turned out to be too pseudo-scientific, dogmatic and irrational to attract the democratic intelligentsia for a long time; the latter had already become disillusioned with the idea of the people as the creator of new forms of social life.


Author(s):  
Наталья Ивановна Шитова

Работа посвящена выявлению и анализу архивных материалов из фонда Алтайской духовной миссии (Государственный архив Алтайского края, фонд 164), освещающих особенности этно-культурной идентичности русского населения подведомственной миссии территории (Горный Алтай и его предгорья). При этом религиозная идентичность рассматривается в неразрывной взаимосвязи с этнокультурной и как ее важнейшая составляющая. Выявление подобных материалов представляется актуальным, поскольку позволяет впоследствии осуществить метод интеграции архивных и полевых этнографических источников и получить более достоверную картину особенностей этнокультурной идентичности русских и ее трансформаций в условиях иноэтнического окружения и поликонфессиональной среды. Рассмотрение наблюдений миссионеров начала ХХ в. особенно интересно тем, что отражает процессы, последовавшие за провозглашением свободы совести в 1905 г. По рассматриваемым материалам прослеживается активизация религиозной деятельности старообрядцев и охлаждение к церкви православных. Также наблюдается своеобразная конкуренция православной церкви и старообрядческих общин за своих прихожан, особенно актуальной проблема становится в смешанных в конфессиональном отношении населенных пунктах. Прослеживаются процессы трансформации идентичности, такие как переходы из православия в старообрядчество и, реже, наоборот, также переходы из одного старообрядческого согласия в другое, что, безусловно является интереснейшим проявлением трансформации этнокультурной идентичности. Выявляются наиболее распространенные причины таких переходов, по большей части связанные с практическими соображениями, такими как желание вступить в брак, часто повторный, или получить более выгодные экономические условия. Миссионеры в своих записках выделяют также ряд важнейших этнокультурных маркеров принадлежности к старообрядчеству, не только обрядовых, но и связанных с внешним видом, одеждой, приятием или неприятием некоторых новых явлений жизни. В целом, можно говорить о том, что в начале ХХ в. в Горном и предгорном Алтае наблюдается достаточно пестрый этнокультурный состав русского населения и разнообразные процессы трансформации этнокультурной идентичности. The research is dedicated to revealing and analyzing of archival materials from the fund of the Altai ecclesiastical mission (State archive of the Altai Krai, Fund 164) that concern the specifics of ethnocultural identity of the Russian population who lived at the territory (Gorny Altai and low elevational parts of the Altai) that referred to the running of this mission. The religious identity of the people is seen as closely connected to the ethnocultural identity and is its important integral part. The finding of these materials is believed of much relevance, for it allows using the method of integration of archival and field ethnographical resources and further obtaining of a more clear picture of the specific features in the ethnocultural identity of the Russians, and how it was transformed in conditions of the foreign surrounding and multiconventional environment. The study of the observations of missionaries of the 20th century is especially interesting due to its potential to reflect processes that followed the declaration of freedom of worship in 1905. The studied materials show a growing activity in the sphere of religion among Old Believers and alienation from church among the Orthodox believers. The research reveals a particular competition between the Orthodox church and the communities of Old Believers to have more parishioners, which was a specially evident problem at settlements with confessionally mixed relationships. The research discovers processes of transformation of the identity of people, such as transferring of from the Orthodox church to Old Believers and on the contrary visa versa, what is still noticed much rarer. There were cases of leaving one Old Beleivers’ community for another, and these cases most interesting explosion of the transformation processes of the ethnocultural identity. The work also names the most common reasons of these transformative changes, which were largely dependent on practical perspectives of the people, including willing to get married again, or acquiring a more lucrative economic conditions. The missionaries note in their records a number of most essential ethnocultural markers that belong to the Old Belief, such markers that not only concern rituals, but referring to the outlook of a person, his clothes, accepting or not accepting some new things in life. In general, one can say that in the beginning of the 20th century in Gorny Altai and its neighboring low elevations in Russia the ethnocultural composition of the Russian population was quite varied and was subject to different transformation processes of the ethnocultural identity.


1989 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 724-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia G. Steinhoff

A tiny, radical student group seems at first glance to be an unlikely vantage point from which to evaluate continuity and change in the social organization of Japan. Yet social scientists often study extremes and misfits in order to gain new perspective on the conventional and normative. Whatever the people on the margin share unquestioningly with the rest of the society hints at the breadth and power of social norms; whatever they question, or have trouble doing, points to the inevitable cracks in the social order. Moreover, when a society seems to emphasize harmony and order, it is particularly important to examine the points and processes of conflict. Points of conflict are the harbingers of social change, and processes for managing conflict reveal the price that is paid for order.


2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 138-149
Author(s):  
Sorin Marinescu

The present work is intended to be a retrieval of the history of the contribution of personalities that have marked the history of the Romanian Orthodox Church and, implicitly, the history of Romania. Thus, In the “Commemorative Year of the Patriarchs Nicodim Munteanu and Iustin Moisescu and of the translators of church books” in the Romanian Patriarchate, addressed to the Romanian Orthodox hierarchies and eparchies in the country and abroad, we set out to talk about the Patriarch Iustin Moisescu for understand the role it played in promoting living theology as a model, based on prayer, experience and life, even if the historical times were very difficult for the Church, the communists wanting to destroy it, because it maintained the consciousness of national identity and a hierarchy of authentic values, that opposed the atheist ideology promoted by them. Thus, starting from a brief biography of the one who was the fourth Romanian Patriarch, we were interested in the perception of contemporaries, as well as those who succeeded him, as I have not neglected his quality as a theologian, teacher university and publisher. Iustin Moisescu was an intellectual, theologian, who devoted all his energy to maintaining the right faith, to support the monastery life, to relieve the people and to give cultural brilliance to the Church, as he alone confessed.


1997 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Natalia Fatyushyna

In the domestic literature, the beginnings of comparative ideas about supernatural belong to the writing of Kievan Rus. The most meaningful such representation is presented by "The Word of St. Gregory, reproduced in the interpretation of how the first pagans, that is, the pagans, worshiped the idols and laid them down, as they now do." The basis of this monument of the Kyivan culture of the 12th century, also known as the "Word of the Idols," was the sermon of the prominent patriarch Gregory the Theologian on the Epiphany, in which he reacted negatively to ancient paganism. But "The Word," as Y. Anichkov noted, is not a preaching, nor a translation of the thoughts of Gregory the Theologian, but an attempt to study Old Believers: it gives an interpretation of the work of the Byzantine theologian "in the interpretation" of the local paganism.


2020 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 656-676
Author(s):  
Igor V. Omeliyanchuk

The article examines the main forms and methods of agitation and propagandistic activities of monarchic parties in Russia in the beginning of the 20th century. Among them the author singles out such ones as periodical press, publication of books, brochures and flyers, organization of manifestations, religious processions, public prayers and funeral services, sending deputations to the monarch, organization of public lectures and readings for the people, as well as various philanthropic events. Using various forms of propagandistic activities the monarchists aspired to embrace all social groups and classes of the population in order to organize all-class and all-estate political movement in support of the autocracy. While they gained certain success in promoting their ideology, the Rights, nevertheless, lost to their adversaries from the radical opposition camp, as the monarchists constrained by their conservative ideology, could not promise immediate social and political changes to the population, and that fact was excessively used by their opponents. Moreover, the ideological paradigm of the Right camp expressed in the “Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationality” formula no longer agreed with the social and economic realities of Russia due to modernization processes that were underway in the country from the middle of the 19th century.


Trictrac ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petru Adrian Danciu

Starting from the cry of the seraphim in Isaiahʹ s prophecy, this article aims to follow the rhythm of the sacred harmony, transcending the symbols of the angelic world and of the divine names, to get to the face to face meeting between man and God, just as the seraphim, reflecting their existence, stand face to face. The finality of the sacred harmony is that, during the search for God inside the human being, He reveals Himself, which is the reason for the affirmation of “I Am that I Am.” Through its hypnotic cyclicality, the profane temporality has its own musicality. Its purpose is to incubate the unsuspected potencies of the beings “caught” in the material world. Due to the fact that it belongs to the aeonic time, the divine music will exceed in harmony the mechanical musicality of profane time, dilating and temporarily cancelling it. Isaiah is witness to such revelation offering access to the heavenly concert. He is witness to divine harmonies produced by two divine singers, whose musical history is presented in our article. The seraphim accompanied the chosen people after their exodus from Egypt. The cultic use of the trumpet is related to the characteristics and behaviour of the seraphim. The seraphic music does not belong to the Creator, but its lyrics speak about the presence of the Creator in two realities, a spiritual and a material one. Only the transcendence of the divine names that are sung/cried affirms a unique reality: God. The chant-cry is a divine invocation with a double aim. On the one hand, the angels and the people affirm God’s presence and call His name and, on the other, the Creator affirms His presence through the angels or in man, the one who is His image and His likeness. The divine music does not only create, it is also a means of communion, implementing the relation of man to God and, thus, God’s connection with man. It is a relation in which both filiation and paternity disappear inside the harmony of the mutual recognition produced by music, a reality much older than Adam’s language.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
See Seng Tan

Abstract: The longstanding effort to develop a people-based regionalism in Southeast Asia has been shaped by an inherent tension between the liberal inclination to privilege the individual and the community under formation, on the one hand, and the realist insistence on the primacy of the state, on the other. This article explores the conditions and constraints affecting ASEAN’s progress in remaking Southeast Asia into a people-focused and caring community in three areas: disaster management, development, and democratization (understood here as human rights). Arguably, the persistent gap in Southeast Asia between aspiration and expectation is determined less by political ideology than by the pragmatic responses of ASEAN member states to the forces of nationalism and protectionism, as well as their respective sense of local and regional responsibility.Resumen: El esfuerzo histórico para desarrollar un regionalismo basado en las personas del sudeste de Asia ha estado marcado por una tensión fundamental entre la inclinación liberal de privilegiar el individuo y la comunidad y la insistencia realista sobre la primacía del estado. Este artículo explora las condiciones y limitaciones que afectan el progreso de la ASEAN en la reestructuración de Asia sudoriental en una comunidad centrada en el cuidado de las personas en: gestión de desastres, desarrollo y democratización (i.e., derechos humanos). La brecha persistente en el sudeste asiático entre la aspiración y la expectativa está determinada por las respuestas pragmáticas de los miembros de la ASEAN sometidos a las fuerzas del nacionalismo y proteccionismo, así como su respectivo sentido de responsabilidad local y regional.Résumé: L’effort historique pour développer un régionalisme fondé sur les peuples en Asie du Sud-Est a été marqué par une tension fondamentale entre l’inclination libérale qui privilégie, d’une part, l’individu et la communauté et, d’autre part, l’insistance réaliste sur la primauté de l’État. Cet article explore les conditions et les contraintes qui nuisent aux progrès de l’ANASE dans le cadre d’une refonte de l’Asie du Sud-Est en une communauté centrée et attentive aux peuples dans trois domaines : la gestion des désastres, le développement et la démocratisation (en référence aux droits humains). Le fossé persistant en Asie du Sud-Est entre les aspirations et les attentes est vraisemblablement moins déterminé par l’idéologie politique que par les réponses pragmatiques des États membres de l’ANASE soumis aux forces du nationalisme et du protectionnisme ainsi que par leur sens respectif de la responsabilité locale et régionale.


Author(s):  
David Rondel

This chapter distinguishes between “vertical” and “horizontal” egalitarianism. The vertical and horizontal metaphors differentiate primarily between two types of relationship in which equality is said to play an important role—the “vertical” relationship between state and citizen, on the one hand, and the “horizontal” relationship between or among the people of a society, on the other. But the distinction may be used in a wider way to track several issues around which egalitarian theories tend to diverge: about what a commitment to equality ultimately means; about to whom or what egalitarian principles are meant to apply; about how equality is achieved and what its achievement looks like, and about how theorizing on equality is properly or most promisingly undertaken.


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