scholarly journals Assessment of Sulcation of the Fetal Brain in Cases of Isolated Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum Using In Utero MR Imaging

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1085-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Warren ◽  
D.J.A. Connolly ◽  
P.D. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
In Utero

Clinical applications of 3D volume MR imaging of the fetal brain in utero

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 556-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Jarvis ◽  
Paul D. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
3D Volume

scholarly journals Quantification of total fetal brain volume using 3D MR imaging data acquired in utero

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (13) ◽  
pp. 1225-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Jarvis ◽  
Rahim Akram ◽  
Laura Mandefield ◽  
Michael Paddock ◽  
Paul Armitage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
3D Mr Imaging

scholarly journals Development of human white matter pathways in utero over the second and third trimester

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (20) ◽  
pp. e2023598118
Author(s):  
Siân Wilson ◽  
Maximilian Pietsch ◽  
Lucilio Cordero-Grande ◽  
Anthony N. Price ◽  
Jana Hutter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Nonlinear Trends

During the second and third trimesters of human gestation, rapid neurodevelopment is underpinned by fundamental processes including neuronal migration, cellular organization, cortical layering, and myelination. In this time, white matter growth and maturation lay the foundation for an efficient network of structural connections. Detailed knowledge about this developmental trajectory in the healthy human fetal brain is limited, in part, due to the inherent challenges of acquiring high-quality MRI data from this population. Here, we use state-of-the-art high-resolution multishell motion-corrected diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI), collected as part of the developing Human Connectome Project (dHCP), to characterize the in utero maturation of white matter microstructure in 113 fetuses aged 22 to 37 wk gestation. We define five major white matter bundles and characterize their microstructural features using both traditional diffusion tensor and multishell multitissue models. We found unique maturational trends in thalamocortical fibers compared with association tracts and identified different maturational trends within specific sections of the corpus callosum. While linear maturational increases in fractional anisotropy were seen in the splenium of the corpus callosum, complex nonlinear trends were seen in the majority of other white matter tracts, with an initial decrease in fractional anisotropy in early gestation followed by a later increase. The latter is of particular interest as it differs markedly from the trends previously described in ex utero preterm infants, suggesting that this normative fetal data can provide significant insights into the abnormalities in connectivity which underlie the neurodevelopmental impairments associated with preterm birth.

scholarly journals Neuroplacentology in congenital heart disease: placental connections to neurodevelopmental outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L. Leon ◽  
Imran N. Mir ◽  
Christina L. Herrera ◽  
Kavita Sharma ◽  
Catherine Y. Spong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Brain Growth ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Fetal Brain Development ◽  
And Function

Abstract Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are living longer due to effective medical and surgical management. However, the majority have neurodevelopmental delays or disorders. The role of the placenta in fetal brain development is unclear and is the focus of an emerging field known as neuroplacentology. In this review, we summarize neurodevelopmental outcomes in CHD and their brain imaging correlates both in utero and postnatally. We review differences in the structure and function of the placenta in pregnancies complicated by fetal CHD and introduce the concept of a placental inefficiency phenotype that occurs in severe forms of fetal CHD, characterized by a myriad of pathologies. We propose that in CHD placental dysfunction contributes to decreased fetal cerebral oxygen delivery resulting in poor brain growth, brain abnormalities, and impaired neurodevelopment. We conclude the review with key areas for future research in neuroplacentology in the fetal CHD population, including (1) differences in structure and function of the CHD placenta, (2) modifiable and nonmodifiable factors that impact the hemodynamic balance between placental and cerebral circulations, (3) interventions to improve placental function and protect brain development in utero, and (4) the role of genetic and epigenetic influences on the placenta–heart–brain connection. Impact Neuroplacentology seeks to understand placental connections to fetal brain development. In fetuses with CHD, brain growth abnormalities begin in utero. Placental microstructure as well as perfusion and function are abnormal in fetal CHD.

Fetal brain development of twins assessed in utero by ultrasound: implications for schizophrenia

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Gilmore ◽  
Diana O. Perkins ◽  
Mark A. Kliewer ◽  
Marvin L. Hage ◽  
Susan G. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Fetal Brain Development

Magnetic resonance imaging versus ultrasonography for the in utero evaluation of central nervous system anomalies

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Peruzzi ◽  
Rebecca J. Corbitt ◽  
Corey Raffel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
False Negative ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Fetal Ultrasonography ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Fetal Mr

Object The use of fetal MR imaging for the in utero evaluation of pathological conditions of the CNS is widely accepted as an adjunct to fetal ultrasonography studies. Magnetic resonance imaging is thought to characterize CNS anomalies better, and to provide a more exact diagnosis and accurate prognosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of and indications for fetal MR imaging in evaluating fetuses with different CNS abnormalities that were seen initially on prenatal sonograms. Methods Over a 3-year period, fetuses with prior sonographic evidence of CNS abnormalities who consequently received prenatal MR imaging at Columbus Nationwide Children's Hospital within 2 weeks of the fetal ultrasonography study were included in this study. For each patient, radiological reports from both studies were reviewed, analyzed, and compared with the findings at postnatal imaging or physical examination. Results of the 2 modalities were then compared in terms of diagnostic accuracy. Results Twenty-six fetuses were included in this study on the basis of an in utero sonogram showing a CNS anomaly. Their gestational age ranged from 17 to 35 weeks, with a mean of 25 weeks at the time of fetal ultrasonography. Hydrocephalus was identified in 16 fetuses, 6 had evidence of a spinal dysraphic defect, 2 had holoprosencephaly, 1 had an encephalocele, and 1 had multiple body abnormalities requiring detailed CNS evaluation. Twenty-five of the fetuses were correctly evaluated as having abnormal CNS findings on both fetal ultrasonography and fetal MR imaging. Fetal ultrasonography provided a correct prenatal diagnosis in 20 cases, whereas fetal MR imaging was correct in 22 cases. There were 9 cumulative false-positive results for fetal ultrasonography and 7 for fetal MR imaging, whereas for false-negative results there were a total of 34 and 19, respectively. Conclusions Fetal MR imaging is more sensitive in detecting fetal CNS abnormalities, but its ability to provide a correct prenatal diagnosis is only marginally superior to fetal ultrasonography. Moreover, fetal MR imaging is not exempt from misdiagnosis, and still shows a significantly high rate of false-negative results. Particularly for spinal dysraphic defects, fetal MR imaging does not seem to add important diagnostic or prognostic details when compared with fetal ultrasonography.

In utero brain destruction resulting in collapse of the fetal skull, microcephaly, scalp rugae, and neurologic impairment: The fetal brain disruption sequence

1984 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Russell ◽  
David D. Weaver ◽  
Marilyn J. Bull ◽  
Marc Weinbaum ◽  
John M. Opitz
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Brain ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Neurologic Impairment
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