scholarly journals Smartamine M and MetaSmart supplementation during the peripartal period alter hepatic expression of gene networks in 1-carbon metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and the growth hormone–insulin-like growth factor 1 axis pathways

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 7451-7464 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Osorio ◽  
P. Ji ◽  
J.K. Drackley ◽  
D. Luchini ◽  
J.J. Loor
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Gene Networks ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Hepatic Expression

Growth hormone-stimulated insulin-like growth factor-1 expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes is mediated by ERK, PI3K-AKT, and JAK-STAT

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (1) ◽  
pp. R236-R243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie M. Reindl ◽  
Jeffrey D. Kittilson ◽  
Heather E. Bergan ◽  
Mark A. Sheridan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Pi3k Inhibitor Ly294002 ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Jak2 Inhibitor ◽  
Downstream Target

Growth hormone (GH) initiates many of its growth-promoting actions by binding to GH receptors (GHR) and stimulating the synthesis and secretion of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) from the liver and other sites. In this study, we used hepatocytes isolated from rainbow trout as a model system in which to determine the molecular signaling events of GH in fish. GH directly stimulated the phosphorylation of ERK, protein kinase B (Akt), a downstream target of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), JAK2, and STAT5 in hepatocytes incubated in vitro. Activation of ERK, Akt, JAK2, and STAT5 was rapid, occurring within 5–10 min, and was concentration dependent. GH-induced ERK activation was completely blocked by the ERK pathway inhibitor, U0126, and the JAK2 inhibitor, 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexabromocyclohexane (Hex), and was partially blocked by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. GH-stimulated Akt activation was completely blocked by LY294002 and Hex, but was not affected by U0126; whereas, STAT5 activation by GH was blocked only by Hex, and was not affected by either U0126 or LY294002. GH stimulated hepatic expression of IGF-1 mRNA as well as the secretion of IGF-1, effects that were partially or completely blocked by U0126, LY294002, and Hex. These results indicate that GHR linkage to the ERK, PI3K/Akt, or STAT pathways in trout liver cells requires activation of JAK2, and that GH-stimulated IGF-1 synthesis and secretion is mediated through the ERK, PI3K/Akt, and JAK-STAT pathways.

scholarly journals We Are Ageing

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genovefa D. Kolovou ◽  
Vana Kolovou ◽  
Sophie Mavrogeni
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Dna Damage And Repair

Ageing and longevity is unquestioningly complex. Several thoughts and mechanisms of ageing such as pathways involved in oxidative stress, lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, DNA damage and repair, growth hormone axis and insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF), and environmental exposure have been proposed. Also, some theories of ageing were introduced. To date, the most promising leads for longevity are caloric restriction, particularly target of rapamycin (TOR), sirtuins, hexarelin and hormetic responses. This review is an attempt to analyze the mechanisms and theories of ageing and achieving longevity.

scholarly journals EFFECT of Aloe vera EXTRACT TO THE INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-1 (IGF-1) LEVELS FROM VISCERAL FAT TISSUE IN Rattus norvegicus WISTAR DIABETES MELLITUS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Lulut Dwi Nurmamulyosari ◽  
Muhammad Rifqi Hariri ◽  
Abdul Gofur ◽  
Dwi Listyorini ◽  
Hendra Susanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
C 30

<p>Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder indicated by hyperglycaemia due to lack of insulin production, insulin activity, or both. It causes oxidative stress that may damage the receptor of Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH) in the pituitary. As the result, Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF­1) production are decreased and glucose uptakes to the cell is inhibited. Aloe vera has a high antioxidant activity. It is possible to counter oxidative stress in unregulated the production of IGF-1. This study aimed to determine the effect of A. vera extracts to the level of IGF-1 from visceral fat tissue Rattus norvegicus wistar diabetes mellitus. This study used 24 R. norvegicus wistar male. R. norvegicus STZ-induced diabetes mellitus <br />R. norvegicus were grouped into positive control (C+), 30 mg/day, 60 mg/day, 120 mg/day. Fasting blood glucose test was performed to determine the successful induction of diabetes mellitus (DM) three days after induced. Non-DM rats (NDM) were grouped into negative control (C-), 30 mg/day, 60 mg/day, and 120 mg/ day. Each group was consisting of three replications. Each animal, except the controls, were treated 3 ml suspension of A. vera extract for 14 days by gavage. IGF-1 levels were measured using indirect ELISA. The result showed that the extract of A. vera significantly influenced the IGF-1 levels in DM group. The dose of 60 and 120 mg/day significantly raised the level of IGF-1 compared to C+. In NDM group the dose of 60 mg/ day significantly raised the level of IGF-1 compared to C-.</p><p><br /><strong>Keywords</strong>: Aloe vera, Rattus norvegicus, IGF-1, visceral fat, diabetes mellitus</p>

Ontogenic study of insulin-like growth factor-1 and growth hormone receptor mRNA expression in porcine liver and skeletal muscle

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Brameld ◽  
P. A. Weller ◽  
J. M. Pell ◽  
P. J. Buttery ◽  
R. S. Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Hepatic Expression

AbstractThe growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor (GH-IGF) axis is involved in the control of postnatal growth in all animals studied to date. At birth, blood levels of IGF-1 are low, although levels of GH are high. Thus a switching occurs during the postnatal period, which involves an increase in liver GH-receptors (GHR). This study investigates the changes in serum IGF-1 and IGF-1 and GHR mRNA in liver and skeletal muscle of growing pigs. The period from birth to 20 days of age showed a gradual increase in both IGF-1 and GHR mRNA expression by the liver, thus accounting for the gradual increase in serum IGF-1. The IGF-1 mRNA expressed was found to be predominantly class 1 transcripts with very few class 2 transcripts. There was a plateau of liver IGF-1 mRNA levels after 20 days and up to 140 days, even though the expression of GHR mRNA continued to increase. The levels of expression of the two genes were found to correlate in the first 20-day period (r = 0·76, P < 0·005), but not in the later period (r = 0·44, P > 0·05).Levels of expression of both genes in the LD muscle were highly variable, with no age related changes being observed. However, a significant negative correlation of expression of the two genes was observed (R = 0·60, P < 0·001), with the correlation still being significant in the two age periods.The data are consistent with a likely initial dependence for postnatal growth upon GH-stimulated IGF-1 mRNA expression by the liver, up to 20 days of age. After this time, hepatic expression of IGF-1 mRNA reaches a plateau, even though the serum IGF-1 and hepatic GHR mRNA levels continue to rise. A possible explanation for this could be an increase in either turn-over or stability of IGF-1 mRNA, giving rise to increased levels of peptide with no apparent change in mRNA level. Another possibility is that an increased expression/production of the IGF-binding proteins leads to an increase in the half-life of the peptide in the circulation.

scholarly journals Insulin-like growth factor and growth hormone receptor in postpartum lactating beef cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 925-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Schneider ◽  
Luiz Francisco Machado Pfeifer ◽  
Lucas Teixeira Hax ◽  
Giane Regina Paludo ◽  
Francisco Augusto Burkert Del Pino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Hormone Receptor ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I

The objective of this study was to evaluate the plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and the mRNA hepatic expression of IGF-I and of the growth hormone receptors GHR and GHR 1A, in postpartum beef cows. Four Angus and four crossbred (Angus x Nelore) postpartum suckled beef cows were used. Liver and blood samples were collected every 10 days, from calving to 40 days postpartum, for gene expression and for β-hydroxybutyrate and IGF-I assays, respectively. Samples for progesterone assay were collected every other day, from day 10 to 40 postpartum. Three cows ovulated before 40 days postpartum. IGF-I concentration was higher in Angus x Nelore than in Angus cows. There was no difference in the expression of GHR, GHR 1A and IGF-I according to breed or ovulatory status. IGF-I concentrations were higher in crossbred cows, but have not changed according to postpartum ovulatory status. Moreover, changes in postpartum IGF-I concentrations are not associated with changes in liver GHR, GHR 1A and IGF-I mRNA expression in either breed.

Consensus on the change of criteria for cure of acromegaly during the last decade

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (18) ◽  
pp. 703-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor László Kovács ◽  
Judit Dénes ◽  
Erika Hubina ◽  
László Kovács ◽  
Sándor Czirják ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Consensus Statement ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Criteria For Diagnosis ◽  
Definition Of

The Acromegaly Consensus Group redefined the consensus criteria for cure of acromegaly. 74 neurosurgeons and experienced endocrinologists summarized the latest results on diagnosis and treatment of acromegaly. In this consensus statement the reliable growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 assays were established. Definition of disease control was discussed based on the available publications and evidence. This short communication summarizes the clinical aspects of consensus criteria for diagnosis and cure of acromegaly based on the original article. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 703–708.

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