scholarly journals The association of serum metabolites in the transition period with milk production and early-lactation reproductive performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 1301-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Chapinal ◽  
M.E. Carson ◽  
S.J. LeBlanc ◽  
K.E. Leslie ◽  
S. Godden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Serum Metabolites

scholarly journals Herd-level association of serum metabolites in the transition period with disease, milk production, and early lactation reproductive performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 5676-5682 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Chapinal ◽  
S.J. LeBlanc ◽  
M.E. Carson ◽  
K.E. Leslie ◽  
S. Godden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Serum Metabolites ◽  
Herd Level

scholarly journals Influencing the future: interactions of skeleton, energy, protein and calcium during late gestation and early lactation

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian J. Lean ◽  
Peter J. DeGaris ◽  
Pietro Celi ◽  
David M. McNeill ◽  
Rachael M. Rodney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Increase Milk Production

Marked improvements in milk production, health and reproduction have resulted from manipulations of the pre-calving diet. An understanding of the underlying physiological changes resulting from manipulation of late gestational diets is needed in order to refine and enhance these responses. The physiology of late gestation and early lactation of the dairy cow is examined in the context of exploring the hypothesis that changes in physiology occur not only through homeostatic, but also homeorhetic change. Studies in mice and man have identified a pivotal role for skeleton, particularly through production of active forms of osteocalcin, in integrating energy metabolism. Skeleton appears to particularly influence lipid metabolism and vice versa. Further insights into the factors influencing skeletal function and calcium (Ca) metabolism are emerging, including the potential for negative dietary cation anion difference (DCAD) diets to upregulate the responses of the skeleton in metabolism through increased bone mobilisation and in enhancing responses to parathyroid hormone. The rumen appears to be an important site of absorption of Ca, but physiological mechanisms influencing this uptake are not clear. We provide quantitative evidence of the magnitude of responses that reflect relationships linking Ca metabolism, skeleton and production, using meta-analytic methods. Negative DCAD diets increase milk production in multiparous cattle, but not in heifers. Further, examination of concentrations of metabolites related to energy metabolism obtained from cattle exposed to a negative DCAD diet over calving identified a dominant role for Ca concentrations, which were associated with blood-free fatty acids (NEFA), blood 3-hydroxybutyrate, glucose and cholesterol. These relationships were homeostatic, occurring on the same day, but also homeorhetic with concentrations of Ca and NEFA being significantly associated over 21 days. The findings in cattle are consistent with those in the murine models. However, Ca and the skeleton are not the only significant factors in the transition period influencing future performance as hormonal treatments, metabolic demands and sex of the conceptus, and inflammation and the factors controlling this play a role in future performance. Homeorhetic, longer-term, adaptive responses are critical to achieving orchestrated longer-term adaptive responses to calving and lactation. We consider that the teleological question ‘why would a bone-specific hormone (osteocalcin) regulate energy metabolism?’ is answered by the specific needs for integrated metabolism to address the extreme metabolic demands of lactation in many species.

Effect of feeding diet containing fish oil and canola oil from transition period on milk production and components of Holstein cows in early lactation

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 157-157
Author(s):  
T Vafa ◽  
A Naserian ◽  
A Heravi Moussavi ◽  
R Valizadeh ◽  
M Danesh Mesgaran
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

There are too many physiological and nutritional factors which can influence lactation performance of early lactation Holstein dairy cows. Supplemental fat sources are utilized in rations for dairy cows as a common method to increase the energy density of the diet, especially in early lactation (Juchem et al., 2007). The fat sources also have a positive effect on milk fatty acid profile. Canola seed which contains 40% fat is an excellent source of dietary fat high in unsaturated fatty acids and protein for dairy animals. Canola oil contains 51% oleic, 25% linoleic, and 14% linolenic acids. Fish oil contains relatively high concentrations fatty acids of the n-3 family. It seems that feeding a blend of different oils will have more positive productive response than individual usage of them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding diets containing fish oil and canola oil starting from transition period on milk production and composition of early lactating Holstein cows.

scholarly journals Influence of Energy Balance on Reproductive Performance and Milk Production of Dairy Cows at Pre-partum and Early Lactation Periods

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
K.B.M. Nishany ◽  
S. Ramachandra ◽  
M.B.P. Kumara Mahipala ◽  
V.P. Jayawardane ◽  
M.P.B. Wijayagunawardane
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Early Lactation
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