scholarly journals Regulation of Gene Expression in the Bovine Mammary Gland by Ovarian Steroids

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. E55-E65 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.E. Connor ◽  
M.J. Meyer ◽  
R.W. Li ◽  
M.E. Van Amburgh ◽  
Y.R. Boisclair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Bovine Mammary Gland ◽  
Ovarian Steroids

scholarly journals Expression of xanthine oxidoreductase in mouse mammary epithelium during pregnancy and lactation: regulation of gene expression by glucocorticoids and prolactin

1996 ◽  
Vol 319 (3) ◽  
pp. 801-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mami KUROSAKI ◽  
Stefania ZANOTTA ◽  
Marco LI CALZI ◽  
Enrico GARATTINI ◽  
Mineko TERAO
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Epithelium ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Enzymic Activity ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽  
Xanthine Oxidoreductase ◽  
Normal Breast Epithelium

In the mammary gland of virgin mice, xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) enzymic activity is barely measurable. A high increase in the levels of the enzyme is observed during the last days of pregnancy and during lactation, and this is parallelled by an elevation in the amounts of the respective protein and transcript. In situ hybridization experiments demonstrate that the XOR mRNA is specifically expressed in the alveolar epithelial cells of the mammary gland. In HC11 cells, a model culture system for normal breast epithelium, the levels of XOR enzymic activity are dose- and time-dependently induced by dexamethasone, and a further synergistic augmentation is observed in the presence of dexamethasone plus prolactin. Increased XOR gene expression is consequent on glucocorticoid receptor activation, as indicated by sensitivity to the specific receptor antagonist RU486. In addition, the phenomenon is likely to involve protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events, as suggested by modulation of XOR mRNA by tyrosine kinase and phosphatase inhibitors.

Gene expression and hormonal regulation of adiponectin and its receptors in bovine mammary gland and mammary epithelial cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa OHTANI ◽  
Tomo YONEZAWA ◽  
Sang-Houn SONG ◽  
Tatsuyuki TAKAHASHI ◽  
Astrid ARDIYANTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Bovine Mammary Gland

scholarly journals Suppression of lactation and acceleration of involution in the bovine mammary gland by a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

2011 ◽  
Vol 209 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
L L Hernandez ◽  
J L Collier ◽  
A J Vomachka ◽  
R J Collier ◽  
N D Horseman
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Bovine Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Protein Gene ◽  
Milk Protein Gene Expression

Serotonin (5-HT) is a homeostatic regulator of lactation. Selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are commonly prescribed pharmaceuticals that inhibit activity of the 5-HT reuptake transporter, increasing cellular exposure to 5-HT. Use of SSRIs has been shown to alter lactation performance in humans and 5-HT has been shown to reduce milk yield in cattle. However, it has not been determined how SSRI treatments affect the bovine mammary gland. We evaluated the effects of SSRI (fluoxetine (FLX)) administration on tight junctions (TJs) and milk protein gene expression in a lactogenic culture model, using primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (pBMEC). Additionally, we evaluated the effects of intramammary infusions of FLX and 5-hydroxytryptophan on milk production and TJ status in multiparous Holstein cows at dry-off. Treatment of pBMEC cultured on permeable membranes disrupted TJs, as measured by transepithelial resistance and immunostaining for zona occludens 1. Correspondingly, treatment of ‘3D’, collagen-embedded lactogenic cultures of pBMEC with FLX suppressed milk protein gene expression (α-lactalbumin and β-casein) in a concentration-dependent manner. Finally, intramammary treatment of Holstein cows with FLX resulted in an accelerated rate of milk decline. Additionally, TJ permeability increased in FLX-treated animals, as measured by plasma lactose and milk Na+ and K+ levels. Results of these experiments imply that SSRI administration accelerates the rate of mammary gland involution through disassembly of TJs and inhibition of milk protein gene expression in vitro and in vivo, leading to reduction of milk yield.

Identification of estrogen-responsive genes in the parenchyma and fat pad of the bovine mammary gland by microarray analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Li ◽  
Matthew J. Meyer ◽  
Curtis. P. Van Tassell ◽  
Tad S. Sonstegard ◽  
Erin E. Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Mammary Development ◽  
Bovine Mammary Gland ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Consensus Sequences

Identification of estrogen-responsive genes is an essential step toward understanding mechanisms of estrogen action during mammary gland development. To identify these genes, 16 prepubertal heifers were used in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment, with ovarian status (intact or ovariectomized) as the first factor and estrogen treatment as the second (control or estradiol). Heifers were ovariectomized at ∼4.5 mo of age, and estrogen treatments were initiated 1 mo later. After 3 days of treatment, gene expression was analyzed in the parenchyma and fat pad of the bovine mammary gland using a high-density oligonucleotide microarray. Oligonucelotide probes represented 40,808 tentative consensus sequences from TIGR Bos taurus Gene Index and 4,575 singleton expressed sequence tags derived from libraries of pooled mammary gland and gut tissues. Microarray data were analyzed by use of the SAS mixed procedure, with an experiment-wide permutation-based significance level of P < 0.1. Considerable differences in basal gene expression were noted between mammary parenchyma and fat pad. A total of 124 estrogen-responsive genes were identified, with most responding only in the parenchyma or the fat pad. The majority of genes identified were not previously reported to be estrogen responsive. These undoubtedly include genes that are regulated indirectly but also include known estrogen-targeted genes and novel genes with potential estrogen-responsive elements in their promoter regions. The distinctive expression patterns regulated by estrogen in parenchyma and fat pad shed light on the need for both tissues to obtain normal mammary development.

Bovine mammary gene expression profiling using a cDNA microarray enhanced for mammary-specific transcripts

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven P. Suchyta ◽  
Sue Sipkovsky ◽  
Robert G. Halgren ◽  
Rachael Kruska ◽  
Michael Elftman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Cdna Microarray ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Cell Cycle Regulators ◽  
Bovine Mammary Gland ◽  
Pilot Studies

A cDNA microarray resource enhanced for transcripts specific to the bovine mammary gland (BMAM) has been developed and used in pilot studies to examine gene expression profiles in the mammary gland. One goal driving development of this resource was to shed some light on the pathways and mechanisms specifically related to bovine mammary gland growth and development. To accomplish this, gene expression patterns from bovine adipose, liver, adrenal, lymph, spleen, thymus, gut, and developing mammary tissue were compared using the BMAM microarray. We have thus identified a putative set of 16 genes being preferentially expressed in developing mammary gland. Another of our long-term goals is to elucidate the genes and pathways associated with bovine lactation and involution and to use these as a model for human mammary gland development as it relates to human breast cancer risks. To begin this process, we conducted a pilot study, comparing gene expression profiles of lactating bovine mammary tissue against nonlactating tissue on the BMAM microarray. Our results have yielded many novel and interesting genes exhibiting differential expression in lactating mammary tissue, including oncogenes (VAV3, C-myc), mediators of apoptosis (Caspase 8), and cell cycle regulators (LASP1).

METABOLIC RECONSTRUCTION FOR DEVELOPING A TISSUE-SPECIFIC MODEL FOR CATTLE GLYCOLYSIS USING COBRA

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 231-246
Author(s):  
DO GYUN KIM ◽  
WANG-HEE LEE ◽  
SUNG-WON SEO ◽  
HYE-SUN PARK
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Gene Expression Data ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Bovine Mammary Gland ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Metabolic Reactions ◽  
Mammary Gland Epithelial Cells

This study aims at developing a tissue-specific model for glycolysis in bovine mammary gland epithelial cells by incorporating gene expression data into metabolic reactions. Two types of data sets were embedded in the COnstraint-Based Reconstruction Analysis (COBRA) toolbox: metabolic reactions that overlay bovine genetic information into human glycolysis data from a public database and gene expression data of cattle acquired from lab experiments. As a result, we successfully generated a tissue-specific model of bovine glycolysis in bovine mammary gland epithelial cells, providing information on expression of metabolic pathways and gene annotations still required for curation.

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