The Developmental State in Ecological Modernization and the Politics of Environmental Framings: The Case of Singapore and Implications for East Asia

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Mei Ling Wong
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Ecological Modernization ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Policy Concern ◽  
The Impact

In East Asia, climate change as a policy concern has been a late developer. The last decade, however, has seen the mainstreaming of environmental issues in core policy circles, but in the form of market-friendly, pro-industrial development framings. This paper problematizes such environmental framings by looking at the politics of state-led ecological modernization and the institutional reforms that have emerged out of it. It argues that State-led ecological modernization necessarily leads to environmental framings that are too narrowly defined by state and industrial interests - hence the focus on carbon emissions, energy security and the impact on Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The State-driven assumption that society can modernize itself out of its environmental crisis through greater advancements in technological development also ignores the fact that this process often leads to the creation of other environmental and social problems, which in turn undermines the fundamental goals of stability and sustainability. Civil society needs to be given greater space in the policy and framing processes in order to have a more balanced policy approach to environmental reform in a more equitable way.

scholarly journals Global perspectives and impacts on Canada's environment

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. (Bert) Reid
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Sustained Use ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
Population Crisis ◽  
The Impact

The greatest threat to the future world environment is that of the uncontrolled population increase and the resulting severe land and air degradation. Global population in 1990 was estimated at 5.3 billion, and is expected to double to 10 billion early in the next century. The UN Population Fund Report of 1990 stated "we cannot solve the environmental crisis without solving the population crisis". An equal danger to a stable and acceptable global environment are the excessive demands and wasteful use of resources by the Western world's society. Twenty-five percent of the population uses 80% of the worlds resources. Some authorities state that "the impact of each Canadian on the environment is the equivalent of that of 40 to 50 third world residents." Canada will be increasingly impacted by these global environmental issues whether we like it or not. The greatest threat will be that we do not recognize this fact and that we do not prepare ourselves for sustained resource use. However, there are great opportunities for Canadian resource planners and users to play a leading role in adopting a sustained, long term forestry vocation in respect of the use of all its resources; and demonstrate to the global community how essential this is for a stable economy, a moderate lifestyle, and a protected environment. We have the technological capability and the proven expertise to achieve this, if we care to use it appropriately. The major task is "selling" this integrated sustained use or sharing concept to Canadian society because of the required sacrifices in lifestyles, economic costs, and certain environmental degradation. In the short term, progress can be made with public input to commissions, hearings and the like; but in the long term, a rational understanding of sustained forest use and conservation can only be achieved through education in all forms at all ages. An appreciation of global forest and related environmental issues, and their impacts on Canada, can facilitate positive Canadian action to practical sustained use of all forest and natural resources, in both a national and global context.

scholarly journals Satellite-Derived Correlation of SO2, NO2, and Aerosol Optical Depth with Meteorological Conditions over East Asia from 2005 to 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 1738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-An Lin ◽  
Yi-Chun Chen ◽  
Chian-Yi Liu ◽  
Wei-Ting Chen ◽  
John H. Seinfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Ozone Monitoring Instrument ◽  
Anthropogenic Aerosol ◽  
The Impact

Intense economic and industrial development in China has been accompanied by severe local air pollution, as well as in other downwind countries in East Asia. This study analyzes satellite observational data of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and aerosol optical depth (AOD) to explore the spatial distribution, long-term temporal variation, and correlation to meteorological conditions over this region over the period 2005–2015. SO2 and NO2 data are retrieved from the ozone monitoring instrument (OMI) onboard the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Aura satellite, while AOD data are from the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard the NASA Aqua satellite. Spatial distributions of SO2, NO2, and AOD show the highest levels in the North China Plain (NCP), with hotspots also in Southeastern China (SC) and the Sichuan Basin (SB). Biomass burning also contributes to a high level of AOD in Southeast Asia in spring and in Equatorial Asia in fall. Considering the correlation of pollutant levels to meteorological conditions, monitoring data show that higher temperature and higher relative humidity (RH) favor the conversion of SO2 and NO2 to sulfate and nitrate aerosol, respectively. The impact of stronger lower tropospheric stability facilitates the accumulation of SO2 and NO2 in NCP and SC. Transport of SO2 and NO2 from intense source regions to relatively clean regions is highly influential over East Asia; such transport from the NCP leads to a considerable increase of pollutants in SC, SB, Taiwan Island (TW), and Taiwan Strait (TWS), particularly in winter. Aerosols generated by biomass burning in Southeast Asia and anthropogenic aerosol in SC are transported to TW and TWS and lead to the increase of AOD, with the highest levels of AOD in SC, TW, and TWS occurring in spring. Precipitation results in the removal of pollutants, especially in highly polluted regions, the effect of which is most significant in winter and spring.

scholarly journals Defining the Optimal Implementation Space of Environmental Regulation in China’s Export Trade

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8307
Author(s):  
Yongwang Zhang ◽  
Lin Song
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Trade Competitiveness ◽  
The Impact

Properly designed environmental regulation policy is an important basis for the high-quality development of trade. Based on the Chinese industry-level panel data in the period 2003 to 2016, and considering the adaptability of environmental regulation and industrial development, our study employs a threshold regression model to reveal the impact of environmental regulation on China’s trade competitiveness. The empirical research of our study finds that the impact of environmental regulation and trade competitiveness of the manufacturing industry presents a U-shaped trend that first increases and then decreases. At present, there is a trend of gradually crossing the inflection point, and only after crossing the inflection point can the full development stage be entered; that is, the implementation intensity of environmental regulation needs to be coordinated with industrial development. Furthermore, the impact of environmental regulation on trade competitiveness has a special threshold. Only when the level of technological development or cost-bearing capacity exceeds a certain threshold can environmental regulation effectively promote trade competitiveness. Our study has profound policy implications. The Chinese government needs to combine the technological development level and cost-bearing capacity of subdivided industries to implement environmental regulation policies by classification, cultivate a good innovation environment, make full use of the innovation-stimulating effect of environmental regulation, establish a more perfect cost-sharing and production transfer exit mechanism, and improve the resource reallocation effect of environmental regulation.

scholarly journals MAN IN THE EPOCH OF TECHNOLOGICAL SHIFTS

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Modern technologies are an indispensable component of the entire space of a person’s life/being, acquiring a new configuration at the beginning of the 21st century. This situation has actualized the ontological anthropological dimension of the technological shifts of the present, transforming human life and vital activity. The objective of the study is to determine the configuration of modern technology, which produces the paradox of total technological being with a danger of “loosing human physicality” and loss of human personality. This situation emphasizes the ambivalence of the relationship “man – technology”: a person actively creates and uses technological products, but at the same time the latter directly affect the formation of his personality. Technologies transform worldview discourses, affirming a new stage in the development of mankind that requires a rethinking of the basic constants of human existence/preservation. It is noted that modern technology is a new intermediary between man and nature; they change not only the natural world, but also “encroach” on human nature that holds danger of transforming a person into an element of engineering/technology. It is also emphasized that in the era of accelerated technologicalization, research discourse focuses on the possibilities of a new augmented and substituted reality. At the same time, a person physically still exists on the platform provided by the Earth, which provokes new problems between them. The impact of technology on nature and man is comprehensive. In this context, the problem of “Being a human being” (Miroslav Popovich) acquires a new sound. The article insists on urgent necessity to find support in a world that is under the control of technological innovation. In this context, the ethical imperative of Hans Jonas “one must be involved in existence” takes on a new meaning. This situation requires a rethinking of the relationship “man – technology – nature” in the coordinates “you should/should not”, which reflects both technological development and the environmental crisis of the beginning of the 21st century. It is emphasized that the ontological anthropological dimension of technological reality provides new opportunities for exploring the relationship “man – Earth”, where the latter is the matrix of human life/being.

scholarly journals SYSTEM REGULATORS IN THE CONTEXT OF COST MANAGEMENT OF THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Оксана Иванова ◽  
Oksana Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Production Labor ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents the methodology of cost management of the industrial sector of the economy on the basis of a system of rules, each of which corresponds to its own model of the relationship of production, labor, innovation, financial potential. The hypothesis is being tested that the relationships describing industrial production from different groups will determine the strength of the impact of system regulators on the amount of costs in order to achieve the basic concepts of industrial development. The results of the calculations reflect that the development of the industrial sector of the economy for the period from 2007 to 2017, improved, but the level of technological development of the basic sectors of industry can be estimated as low, in addition, the actual problem is the weak innovative activity of the industrial sector of the economy, which affects the effectiveness of economic policy measures. The structuring of information with allocation of features of development of industrial production is developed. Defined system of rules, recommendations for the interpretation of findings in order to control costs of production. The proposed tool is intended to be used as a justification for the adoption of a number of programs for the development of industrial production. The results obtained by the author can be used as a basis for further theoretical and applied research in the field of cost management.

Secular stagnation in the modern world

2018 ◽  
pp. 125-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Drobyshevsky ◽  
P. V. Trunin ◽  
A. V. Bozhechkova
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Japanese Economy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Destruction Process ◽  
Secular Stagnation ◽  
The Impact

The paper studies the factors of secular stagnation. Key factors of long-term slowdown in economic growth include the slowdown of technological development, aging population, human capital accumulation limits, high public debt, creative destruction process violation etc. The authors analyze key theoretical aspects of long-term stagnation and study the impact of these factors on Japanies economy. The authors conclude that most of the factors have significant influence on the Japanese economy for recent decades, but they cannot explain all dynamics. For Russia, on the contrary, we do not see any grounds for considering the decline in the economy since 2013 as an episode of secular stagnation.

The impact of the digital economy on the development of Russian industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
M. S. Abrashkin ◽  
A. A. Vershinin
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Russian Industry ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Technological Paradigms

The article analyzes the market of computer technologies. The theoretical substantiation of the scientific category «digital economy» and its economic components was given. Identified patterns of development of the domestic economy on the basis of informatization, the change of technological paradigms and the dynamics of industrial production. Based on the materials of the automotive industry, the influence of the digital economy on the internal industrial and technological structure of the industry and the results of its activities was proved. Also, the paper presents the main problems of sustainable industrial development in the context of socio-technical and economic means of developing science and technology in Russia.

scholarly journals Institutional Reforms and Their Impact on Economic Growth and Investment in Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4941
Author(s):  
Jin Zhao ◽  
Ghulam Rasool Madni ◽  
Muhammad Awais Anwar ◽  
Syeda Masooma Zahra
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Political Reforms ◽  
Vast Literature ◽  
Treatment Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

It is widely accepted that the economic and social system may be more efficient by reforming institutions. Institutional reforms are attempts to change the rules affecting human interactions and these reforms are fundamental for development and economic prosperity. The reforms can be divided into two categories; political and economic institutional reforms. It is need of the hour to determine the category of reform that is more suitable for developing countries. Moreover, a vast literature describes the impact of institutional reforms but little focused on exploring their impacts on macroeconomic activities. So, this study is an effort to determine the impact of institutional reforms on macroeconomic variables by considering the panel data of 122 developing countries covering the time span from 1996 to 2019. The study applied treatment analysis using the difference-in-differences technique to gauge the effects of reforms. Besides, it will be interesting to know the causes triggering the institutional reforms in developing countries. The findings of the study reveal that economic reforms are more important as compared with political reforms to grow the economies. The countries focusing on political reforms are not able to overcome the economic crisis. Moreover, both types of reforms do not cause each other in these countries.

scholarly journals Social Media in Communicating about Social and Environmental Issues—Non-Financial Reports in Poland

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Ewa Stawicka ◽  
Joanna Paliszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Good Practice ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

The main purpose of this article is to analyze the dissemination of social reports among entrepreneurs in order to determine the number of reporting organizations and examples in which Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) areas enterprises report. We analyze the dissemination of social reports among entrepreneurs in Poland and determine the number of reporting organizations and examples in which CSR companies report. This work is a guide for entrepreneurs in Poland to build strategies and activities for transparency and communicating good practice. One of the research goals was to identify and evaluate communication activities with stakeholders in terms of responsible activities, social and environmental. The data analysis comes from a detailed literature review and the Responsible Business Forum (FOB) Reports database for 2008–2019 in Poland. The results of the survey show that many entrepreneurs in Poland, representing small, medium-sized (SME), and even large enterprises underestimate the importance of socially responsible activities. Entrepreneurs communicate with stakeholders to a limited extent and are not informed about good practices. The vast majority of the surveyed enterprises, especially large ones, prepare social reports, which result from obligation: requirements of Directive 2014/95/EU. The SME sector shows a lack of knowledge and uses individual marketing communication tools to a limited extent, limiting itself to advertising activities (very few companies prepare social reports). The article is a practical tip for enterprises showing the impact of business on changes towards sustainable development. Originality/value lies in the fact that the article presents selected research results on various aspects related to social reporting and communicating social and environmental activities to stakeholders.

scholarly journals Incentives to Open Access: Perspectives of Health Science Researchers

Publications ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Carmen López-Vergara ◽  
Pilar Flores Asenjo ◽  
Alfonso Rosa-García
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Open Access Journal ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Open Access Publication ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
The Impact

Technological development has transformed academic publication over the past two decades and new publication models, especially Open Access, have captured an important part of the publishing market, traditionally dominated by the Subscription publication model. Although Health Sciences have been one of the leading fields promoting Open Access, the perspectives of Health Science researchers on the benefits and possibilities of Open Access remain an open question. The present study sought to unveil the perspective of researchers on scientific publication decisions, in terms of the Subscription and Open Access publication model, Gold Road. With this aim, we surveyed Spanish researchers in Health Sciences. Our findings show that the value of publishing in Open Access journals increases as the experience of the researcher increases and the less she/he values the impact factor. Moreover, visibility and dissemination of the results are the main determinants of publication when choosing an Open Access journal as the first option. According to the response of the researchers, the reduction of fees and the increase in financing are important economic incentive measures to promote the Open Access publication model. It is widely accepted that the volume of Open Access publications will increase in the future.

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