scholarly journals The anthropology of austerity

Focaal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (83) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore Powers ◽  
Theodoros Rakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Policy Process ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Global South ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Historical Continuity ◽  
Structural Adjustment Programs ◽  
Temporal Consciousness ◽  
Global North

This introduction posits that austerity is an instantiation of structural adjustment programs (SAPs) and thus must be revisited in two ways, involving its historical and geographical rendering. First, anthropological accounts should think of austerity in the long term, providing encompassing genealogies of the concept rather than seeing it as breach to historical continuity. Second, the discipline should employ the comparative approach to bring together analyses of SAPs in the Global South and austerity measures in the Global North, providing a more comprehensive analysis of this phenomenon. We are interested in what austerity does to people’s temporal consciousness, and what such people do toward a policy process that impacts their lives. We find, in this comparative pursuit, instead of Foucauldian internalization, dissent and dissatisfaction.

To the Richest Go the Spoils? Immigration, Development, and the North-South Divide, 1970–2005

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-292
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Global South ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The North ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Global North ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South

This paper empirically assesses, for the first time, the relationship between immigration and national economic development in both the global North and the global South. A series of panel models demonstrate that immigration exacerbates North-South inequalities through differential effects on average per capita incomes in the global North and global South. Immigration has positive effects on average incomes in both the North and the South, but the effect is larger in the global North. Thus the relationship between immigration and development evinces a Matthew Effect at the world level: by contributing to differential levels of economic development in the North and South, immigration widens international inequalities in the long term, resulting in the accumulation of advantage in the North. The implications of the results are discussed in the context theory and policy on the migration-development nexus.

African Science Fiction and the Planning Imagination

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Eatough
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
Institutional Planning ◽  
Structural Adjustment Programs ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

AbstractThis essay examines the recent rise in popularity of science fiction in Africa. I argue that this growth can be traced to key shifts within the logic of structural adjustment programs. Over the last twenty years, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have begun to place a heightened emphasis on “poverty reduction strategies” (or PRSs). These PRSs have taken the two organizations’ longstanding commitment to free-market policies and adapted them to the rhetoric of social and economic justice by suggesting that “sustainable” welfare programs can only be constructed through the “long-term” benefits of well-planned “institutions.”As I show, this vision of long-term development has encouraged a move toward fictional forms capable of speaking to elongated temporal scales. Using Nnedi Okorafor’s novelLagoonas my primary example, I investigate how sci-fi narratives have struggled to represent social agency within thelongue duréeof institutional planning.

scholarly journals Engineering Education and Power: the Case of Innovation in the 21st Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 511-517
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Global South ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Innovative Climate ◽  
Design Build ◽  
Global North

Engineering education is the application of scientific, economic, social and practical knowledge to invent, create, design, build, maintain, research and improve structures machines, devices, systems, materials and processes. Engineering education is therefore an important component of innovation. The various innovations brought about by engineering education has delineated various countries along the lines of power and there is a dichotomy between them. Key among this is the separation between the Global North and the Global South. Innovation is a process and application of a new or meaningfully amended creation that needs long term commitment, resources and innovative climate in an organization. Findings from the study revealed that power dynamics is present in all situation and it takes different forms. It influences and shapes relationship. The study therefore recommends that there is a need to intensify efforts on engineering education in developing countries to create more innovations in the 21st century and effort should be geared towards the use and application of these innovations.

Theorising from global south literature for praxis: a transnational approach to chameleon feminism

2021 ◽  
pp. 146470012110267
Author(s):  
Basuli Deb
Keyword(s):  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Global South ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Feminist Philosophy ◽  
Feminist Literature ◽  
Global North ◽  
Women's Stories ◽  
Women's Knowledge ◽  
Women’S Knowledge

This article challenges the historical directionality of women’s knowledge and experience from the global north to the global south. It situates Moroccan feminist literature by Leila Abouzeid and Malika Oufkir within a transnational comparative approach to argue that reversing such flows – northward instead of southward – enables defamiliarising feminist theory as we know it to refamiliarise it for feminist praxis. Drawing on Obioma Nnaemeka’s African feminist philosophy, the article engages in a literary analysis to articulate a theory of ‘chameleon feminism’ for illuminating how global south women’s stories connect rooms, arenas and fields for a praxis of resilience against authoritarianism.

Speaking out: A postcolonial critique of the academic discourse on far-right populism

Organization ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Masood ◽  
Muhammad Azfar Nisar
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global South ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Academic Interest ◽  
North West ◽  
Speaking Out ◽  
Global North

Brexit and Trump’s victory in the United States has sparked renewed academic interest in far-right populism. However, this academic discourse remains remarkably orientalist in its tenor and rhetoric. The focus of academic debates remains restricted to dissecting the rise of far-right populism in the Global North West, while similar movements in Global South East remain largely ignored. We argue that the contemporary academic discourse about the far-right populism is based on the fundamental assumption that the ‘normal’ Global North West is becoming ‘abnormal,’ while the question of abnormality or lack thereof of the proverbial Orient is not taken up because in such othering discourse, the option of normality is foreclosed to the Global South East. Using the rise of the Bharatiya Janta Party in India as an example, we contend that far-right populist movements in the Global South East have developed and intersect with businesses and government in unique ways. The embrace of neoliberalism by the Indian far-right, a stark contrast to similar movements in the Global North West, further suggests that we might be witnessing a global reorientation of the capitalist order. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of far-right populism must account for and pay attention to the heterogeneities of these movements across the Global North West and the Global South East.

International Social Work and Social Welfare: South America

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Queiro-Tajalli
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
South America ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
International Social Work ◽  
Socioeconomic Disparity ◽  
Structural Adjustment Programs ◽  
Global North ◽  
Strong Commitment ◽  
International Social

South America, a land of beauty, diversity, and socioeconomic disparity, is going through a profound identity search, redefining the government's role concerning the welfare of its people, and most important, reevaluating its relationship with the Global North. Within this context, social work has a strong commitment to work with the most vulnerable sectors of the population affected by structural adjustment programs.

scholarly journals From South to North in the globalised world of early childhood education and care: varied national and local responses in selected countries

Pedagogika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislav Pupala ◽  
Ondrej Kaščák
Keyword(s):  
Global South ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Local Responses ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
Global North ◽  
New Policies

This article analyses the neoliberal transformation of ECEC in five selected countries (Germany, Slovakia, Indonesia, Nepal, and Kenya). Both the Global South and the Global North are represented. The countries were selected either because of the authors’ involvement in research in the respective country or because of their long-term personal experience of that particular system of ECEC. The knowledge the authors acquired enabled them to delve deeper into the question of the point at which ECEC systems encounter neoliberal education policy and to describe the different ways in which the countries have adapted to the new policies. The article shows that neoliberal education policies require different types of adaptation and that these may have very different effects on the system of ECEC – from a change in concept to system convergence and practical resistance or total governance of the ECEC sector. The article contributes to a more granular understanding of the effect of the economising discourse on the ECEC sector. Keywords: ECEC, social investment approach, EU, Germany, Slovakia, Indonesia, Kenya, Nepal, Global North, Global South

Oceans and Landless Farms: Linking Southern and Northern Shadow Places of Industrial Livestock (1954–1975)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floor Haalboom
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Global South ◽  
Humboldt Current ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Boom And Bust ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global North

This article argues for more extensive attention by environmental historians to the role of agriculture and animals in twentieth-century industrialisation and globalisation. To contribute to this aim, this article focuses on the animal feed that enabled the rise of ‘factory farming’ and its ‘shadow places’, by analysing the history of fishmeal. The article links the story of feeding fish to pigs and chickens in one country in the global north (the Netherlands), to that of fishmeal producing countries in the global south (Peru, Chile and Angola in particular) from 1954 to 1975. Analysis of new source material about fishmeal consumption from this period shows that it saw a shift to fishmeal production in the global south rather than the global north, and a boom and bust in the global supply of fishmeal in general and its use in Dutch pigs and poultry farms in particular. Moreover, in different ways, the ocean, and production and consumption places of fishmeal functioned as shadow places of this commodity. The public health, ecological and social impacts of fishmeal – which were a consequence of its cheapness as a feed ingredient – were largely invisible on the other side of the world, until changes in the marine ecosystem of the Pacific Humboldt Current and the large fishmeal crisis of 1972–1973 suddenly changed this.

Determinants of Corporate Long-Term Capital Policy. Poland vs. France, Germany, and Great Britain: Comparative Approach and Panel Analysis

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar Frackowiak ◽  
Sebastian Gryglewicz ◽  
Piotr Stobiecki ◽  
Maciej Stradomski ◽  
Adam Szyszka
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Panel Analysis

The Artist as Environmentalist: Ansel Adams, Policy Entrepreneurship, and the Growth of Environmentalism

Public Voices ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
John C. Morris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Entrepreneur ◽  
Policy Entrepreneurship ◽  
Ansel Adams

The role of the policy entrepreneur in the policy process forms an integral part of our understanding of the formulation and implementation of policy in the United States. For all its theoretical importance, however, little work has been done to develop or test the propositions of entrepreneurship offered by Kingdon (1984). By examining the life of Ansel Adams (1902-1984), this paper explores more fully the concept of policy entrepreneurship and seeks to develop a more robust concept that accounts for the long-term, diffuse series of activities that precede Kingdon’s “stream coupling” in the policy process. The analysis suggests that such an approach offers some promise for capturing a broader spectrum of policy activity.

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