scholarly journals The system of the Russian prosody

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-334
Author(s):  
Tatiana Yanko
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Pragmatics ◽  
Connected Text ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Minor ◽  
National Corpus

This paper is aimed at illustrating the phenomenon of compositionality in the system of the communicative meanings and their prosodic means of expression. The regularity in combining the communicative meanings is illustrated by the compositions of 1) the illocutionary meanings, 2) the meaning of discourse incompleteness, and 3) the meaning of communicative contrast. It is demonstrated that discourse incompleteness functions not only within the row of statements which constitute a connected text, but also within sequences of questions, including the contrastive contexts. The systemic method of analysis has been applied therefore to the description of a fragment of linguistic pragmatics. The material for the analysis is a minor working corpus of the sound speech specifically set up for this investigation on the basis the Russian National corpus.

Growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) grown in the marginal upland area of Sta. Rita, Samar as influenced by different planting densities and mulching materials

2017 ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Zenaida Gonzaga ◽  
Warren Obeda ◽  
Ana Linda Gorme ◽  
Jessie Rom ◽  
Oscar Abrantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bare Soil ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Rice Hull ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Lady’S Finger ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Minor

Okra or Lady’s finger, botanically known as Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, is a tropical and sub-tropical indigenous vegetable crop commonly grown for its fibrous, slimy, and nutritious fruits and consumed by all classes of population. It has also several medicinal and economic values. Despite its many uses and potential value, its importance is under estimated, under-utilized, and considered a minor crop and little attention was paid to its improvement. The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different planting densities and mulching materials on the growth and yield of okra grown in slightly sloping area in the marginal uplands in Sta. Rita, Samar, Philippines. A split-plot experiment was set up with planting density as main plot and the different mulching materials as the sub-plot which were: unmulched or bare soil, rice straw, rice hull, hagonoy and plastic mulch. Planting density did not significantly affect the growth and yield of okra. Regardless ofthe mulching materials used, mulched plants were taller and yielded higher compared to unmulched plants. Moreover, the use of plastic mulch resulted to the highest total fruit yield. The results indicate the potential of mulching in increasing yield and thus profitability of okra production under marginal upland conditions.

scholarly journals Novel Genes Associated with Dairy Traits in Sarda Sheep

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2207
Author(s):  
Michele Pazzola ◽  
Giuseppe Massimo Vacca ◽  
Pietro Paschino ◽  
Giovanni Bittante ◽  
Maria Luisa Dettori
Keyword(s):  
Association Analysis ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Traits ◽  
Breeding Schemes ◽  
Milk Coagulation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Breed Sheep ◽  
Daily Milk

The aim of the present research was to analyze the variability of 45 SNPs from different genes involved in metabolism and innate immunity to perform an association analysis with the milk yield, composition and milk coagulation traits. A population of 1112 Sarda breed sheep was sampled. Genotyping was generated by a TaqMan Open ArrayTM. Thirty out of the 45 SNPs were polymorphic, and 12 displayed a minor allele frequency higher than 0.05. An association analysis showed that the variability at genes PRKAG3 and CD14 was significantly associated with the daily milk yield. The variability at PRKAG3 was also associated with the protein and casein content, somatic cell score and bacterial score. The variation at the PRKAA2 gene was associated with the milk lactose concentration. The SNPs at CD14 were also associated with the traditional milk coagulation properties, while the SNPs at GHR and GHRHR were associated with kSR, a derived coagulation parameter related to the rate of syneresis. The information provided here is new and increases our knowledge of genotype–phenotype interactions in sheep. Our findings might be useful in appropriate breeding schemes to be set up for the Sarda sheep breed, but these should be confirmed by further studies, possibly performed on independent populations.

Fringe fields are important when examining molecular orientation in a cold ammonia beam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Bertier ◽  
Brianna Heazlewood
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Molecular Orientation ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Buffer Gas ◽  
State Distribution ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Fringe Fields

Abstract External fields have been widely adopted to control and manipulate the properties of gas-phase molecular species. In particular, electric fields have been shown to focus, filter and decelerate beams of polar molecules. While there are several well-established approaches for controlling the velocity and quantum-state distribution of reactant molecules, very few of these methods have examined the orientation of molecules in the resulting beam. Here we show that a buffer gas cell and three-bend electrostatic guide (coupled to a time-of-flight set-up) can be configured such that 70% of ammonia molecules in the cold molecular beam are oriented to an external electric field at the point of detection. With a minor alteration to the set-up, an approximately statistical distribution of molecular orientation is seen. These observations are explained by simulations of the electric field in the vicinity of the mesh separating the quadrupole guide and the repeller plate. The combined experimental apparatus therefore offers control over three key properties of a molecular beam: the rotational state distribution, the beam velocity, and the molecular orientation. Exerting this level of control over the properties of a molecular beam opens up exciting prospects for our ability to understand what role each parameter plays in reaction studies.

Meek as milk and large as logic: A corpus study of the non-standard poetic simile

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roi Tartakovsky ◽  
Yeshayahu Shen
Keyword(s):  
American English ◽  
Salient Feature ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Corpus Study ◽  
Poetic Discourse ◽  
British National Corpus ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Operational Criteria ◽  
Unexpected Difficulty ◽  
National Corpus

A novel distinction is proposed between two types of closed similes: the standard and the non-standard. While the standard simile presents a ground that is a salient feature of the source term (e.g. meek as a lamb), the non-standard simile somewhat enigmatically supplies a non-salient ground (e.g. meek as milk). The latter thus violates a deep-seated norm of similes and presents interpreters with unexpected difficulty, whereby the concept set up to be an exemplar of a quality is actually less than ideal to fulfil this role. The main question addressed here is how these two simile types are relatively distributed across poetic and non-poetic corpora. We elaborate the criteria for what constitutes the non-standard simile, including separating it out from adjacent phenomena like the ironic simile (e.g. brave as a mouse), and go on to explain our operational criteria for salience. Then, we report culling 329 closed similes from an anthology of poetry and 350 closed similes from two corpora of non-poetic discourse, the Corpus of Historical American English and the British National Corpus. An independent judge rated the salience of each ground-and-source pair of each of the similes, presented in randomized order. Results show that while the standard simile is found in both types of discourse, the non-standard kind is only marginally present in the non-poetic corpora but makes up over 40% of the similes in the poetic corpus. We conclude by discussing the implications of these results for theories of poetic language and literariness.

The Formation of the ‘Crusade Idea’

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. Blake
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Christian Tradition ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
First Crusade ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
Unique Experience ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The One ◽  
A Minor

In order to understand the crusading movement it has always been necessary to define what was understood by the ‘crusade’ as a religious exercise within the Christian tradition. This attempt to identify the ‘crusade idea’ goes back to the earliest commentators on the First Crusade, but has gained increasing vitality during the last thirty years. It is not a matter of weighing the relative importance of, on the one hand, the religious and, on the other, the secular or political motives, but of describing the content of the nova religio as such. In this sense Erdmann, who first set up the subject as capable of disciplined study, traced the antecedents in socio-religious forms of behaviour without which the Kreuzzugsidee could not have been conceived, regarding it as in its essentials formulated at the launching of the First Crusade, with Jerusalem as only a minor and ancillary target. Alphandéry, to single out another notable contributor to this type of study, diagnosed the dramatic emergence of a distinctive idée de croisade during the very course of the First Crusade, concentrated on the deliverance of the Holy Places, a unique experience never to be wholly repeated. Another notion of the ‘crusade’ was developed by Rousset—an institution de salut with its characteristic ideology, entertained generally during the first half of the twelfth century.5 There are studies also of the ideas associated with crusading in the crusade appeals, preaching, justification and criticism of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, in the forms of procedure, and in Latin and vernacular poetry.

Reform Impulses in a Bipolar Government

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.V. Vaidyanatha Ayyar
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Indian Education ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Minor

This chapter describes the far reaching changes as a result of which the Indian education system ceased to be almost exclusively public funded and closed system, how these far reaching changes were not steered by any policy of the Government, and how the policy has to catch up to do. It describes how the early initiatives of the Manmohan Government aroused great hopes that higher education was poised for remarkable transformation, and how these hopes were dashed as the Prime Minister was only a minor centre of power and could not prevail upon Arjun Singh to accept the ambitious reform agenda drawn up by the National Knowledge Commission (NKC) he set up. It also describes the special focus on skill development and the new initiatives launched during the Eleventh Five Year Plan such as the expansion of Central Universities, IITs, IIMs and NITs, and the launch of Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA). It compares and contrasts the philosophical underpinnings and recommendations of the NKC and Yash Pal Committee on the rejuvenation of Higher Education, and critques the recommendations of that Committee’s idea of university, and its proposal to constitute a National Commission on Higher Education and Research as an imperium imperio.

‘Please make your verdict speak the truth’: Insights from an Appraisal analysis of the closing arguments from a rape trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-442
Author(s):  
Leanne Victoria Bartley
Keyword(s):  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Closing Arguments ◽  
Language Choices ◽  
Rape Trial ◽  
Appraisal Analysis ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Minor

AbstractIt is common knowledge that language use inside the courtroom is an effective tool of persuasion; thus, even in cases where evidence is unreliable, men and women have found themselves facing charges, standing trial and, in the worst case scenario, wrongfully convicted of a crime. In this paper I examine one such case, in which a young American finds himself accused and, later, imprisoned for the rape of a minor, despite evidence to suggest otherwise. The case is taken from a database set up by The Innocence Project, a non-profit organisation comprising a team of volunteers working towards proving the innocence of over 200 individuals currently serving time for a crime that they insist they did not commit. More specifically, my analytical focus is on the closing arguments of the selected case for the purposes of acquiring insights into how the attorneys for each side make particular language choices in a final attempt to maximise the credibility of their version of events. To reveal how the defendant and the victim are portrayed by each of the lawyers and, moreover, whose feelings and/or character traits are brought to the forefront, an Appraisal analysis is carried out on the dataset.

scholarly journals Towards the Understanding of Hydrogeochemical Seismic Responses in Karst Aquifers: A Retrospective Meta-Analysis Focused on the Apennines (Italy)

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1058
Author(s):  
Gilberto Binda ◽  
Andrea Pozzi ◽  
Alessandro M. Michetti ◽  
Paula J. Noble ◽  
Michael R. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Solute Concentration ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Permeability Enhancement ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Response ◽  
A Minor

Earthquakes are known to affect groundwater properties, yet the mechanisms causing chemical and physical aquifer changes are still unclear. The Apennines mountain belt in Italy presents a rich literature of case studies documenting hydrogeochemical response to seismicity, due to the high frequency of seismic events and the presence of different regional aquifers in the area. In this study, we synthesize published data from the last 30 years in the Apennine region in order to shed light on the main mechanisms causing earthquake induced water changes. The results suggest the geologic and hydrologic setting specific to a given spring play an important role in spring response, as well as the timing of the observed response. In contrast to setting, the main focal mechanisms of earthquake and the distance between epicenter and the analyzed springs seems to present a minor role in defining the response. The analysis of different response variables, moreover, indicates that an important driver of change is the degassing of CO2, especially in thermal springs, whereas a rapid increase in solute concentration due to permeability enhancement is observable in different cold and shallow springs. These findings also leave open the debate regarding whether earthquake precursors can be recognized beyond site-specific responses. Such responses can be understood more comprehensively through the establishment of a regional long-term monitoring system and continuous harmonization of data and sampling strategies, achievable in the Apennine region through the set-up of a monitoring network.

Thermomechanical Fatigue Life Prediction of Cylinder Heads in Combustion Engines

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Trampert ◽  
Taner Gocmez ◽  
Stefan Pischinger
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Cylinder Head ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Thermomechanical Fatigue ◽  
Head Model ◽  
Crack Location ◽  
Mechanical Constraints ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Minor

While the deformation and damage behavior of aluminum cylinder heads under complex thermal mechanical loading has been the subject of numerous studies in the past, cast iron cylinder heads have been in the focus of thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) only to a minor extent. In this paper, a feasible procedure is presented to set up material models and estimate service life of cast iron cylinder heads under variable thermomechanical loading conditions by the use of computer-aided engineering tools. In addition, the influence of thermal load and mechanical constraints on TMF life span is shown. A specimen model is used for parameter identification in material model setup and a cylinder head model is used for correlation with cracking phenomena. Investigation of different thermomechanical load influences is conducted on the cylinder head model. The principal strain and energy based fatigue criteria are used in assessment of TMF lifetime for the cast iron family and material specific evaluation procedures are pointed out. The results highlight the importance of exact definitions of the boundary conditions and underline the sensitivity of TMF lifespan of cast iron cylinder heads with respect to the defined boundary conditions. Considering this sensitivity, an approach conforming to the engine development requirements is proposed. It is shown that both the crack location and fatigue lifetime are predicted with high accuracy.

Leibniz on Hobbes, Locke's Two Treatises and Sherlock's Case of Allegiance

1975 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Jolley
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Marked Contrast ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
Orthodox Christian ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Christian Teaching ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Minor ◽  
German Court

Writers on Leibniz have frequently stressed the marked contrast in character between his metaphysics and his political theory. As a metaphysician Leibniz appears as a thinker of daring originality whose views have sometimes seemed to set up certain tensions with orthodox Christian teaching. In the field of political theory, however, we encounter a much more traditional and conservative figure. Writing in a post-Hobbesian period Leibniz is a determined opponent of any trend towards a secular analysis of political questions; yet, within a framework of conventional theological assumptions, he is quite as insistent as Hobbes that obligation is co-extensive with the ruler's ability to provide protection. In a large measure the conservatism of Leibniz's political views can be explained by reference to die external facts of his position. Occupying a semi-official post at the court of Hanover, Leibniz was dependent on the favour of his electoral patrons; his political writings tended to be occasional pieces composed with a view to promoting specific Hanoverian interests. Leibniz's experience of politics was thus confined to the world of a minor German court, and die narrowness of diis background placed him at a severe disadvantage for understanding the political debates of a country like England with quite different traditions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document