scholarly journals Odkrywanie świadomości religijnej w literaturze emigracji rosyjskiej pierwszej fali (o powieści Druga miłość Wasilija Janowskiego)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (XXIV) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Patryk Witczak
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Western Literature ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
The Face ◽  
Younger Generation

Vasily Yanovsky belongs to the younger generation of the first wave of Russian emigration. In his works, he combined the traditions of 19th-century Russian realism as well as the tendencies of Western literature in Europe. The article is an analysis of Yanovsky’s story The Second Lovein which the author shows the life in Paris from a Russian exile’s perspective. The writer gives an account of a dramatic decline in moral values in the face of poverty and loneliness by making refer-ence to the poetics of naturalism and the genre of so-called “human document”. The Orthodox faith in Yanovsky’s story becomes a source of hope for an emigrant’s survival.

Reinterpretasi Ayat-ayat “Kekerasan”

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103
Author(s):  
Lina Aniqoh
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Textual Interpretation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The People ◽  
Double Movement ◽  
The Face

This paper seeks to elaborate on the textual interpretation of Q.S Muhammad verse 4 and Q.S at Taubah verse 5. These two verses are often employed by the extremist Muslim groups to legitimize their destructive acts carried out on groups considered as being infidels and as such lawfully killed. The interpretation was conducted using the double movement hermeneutics methodology offered by Fazlur Rahman. After reinterpretation, the two verses contain moral values, namely the war ordered by God must be reactive, fulfill the ethics of "violence" and be the last solution. Broadly speaking, the warfare commanded in the Qur'an aims to establish a benefit for humanity on the face of the earth by eliminating every crime that exists. These two verses in the contemporary socio-historical context in Indonesia can be implemented as a basis for combating the issue of hoaxes and destructive acts of extremist Muslim groups. Because both are crimes and have negative implications for the people good and even able to threaten the unity of mankind.

Perkembangan TIK, Globalisasi dan Peranan Guru Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan dalam Pengembangan Pendidikan Karakter

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulpadli Zulpadli
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
Civic Education ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
History Of ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
The Impact

This paper briefly and through theoretical studies will discuss simply the problems formulated, the impact of globalization on Character education in Indonesia, as well as the paradigm of PKN learning and Character education challenges for the younger generation. It is on the ground by the declining awareness and moral values, as well as to increase the values of the characters seen in the young generations. Civic education in Indonesia has been running throughout the history of Indonesian independence, and has gone through various stages and arms, it certainly demands greater hard work of teachers to be able to increase the values of Pancasila and love of the homeland, and practice the character values which is based on the noble values of Indonesian culture into Indonesian youth.

Сирия (аш-Шам) в системе османских владений (XVI – начало XX в.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Zhantiev
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Level ◽  
The 19Th Century

Аннотация В статье рассматривается роль и место Сирии (включая Ливан и Палестину) в системе османских владений на протяжении нескольких веков от османского завоевания до периода правления султана Абдул-Хамида II. В течение четырех столетий османского владычества территория исторической Сирии (Билад аш-Шам) была одним из важнейших компонентов османской системы и играла роль связующего звена между Анатолией, Египтом, Ираком и Хиджазом. Необходимость ежегодной организации хаджа с символами султанской власти и покровительства над святынями Мекки и Медины определяла особую стратегическую важность сирийских провинций Османской империи. Несмотря на ряд серьезных угроз во время общего кризиса османской государственности (конец XVI начало XIX вв.), имперскому центру удалось сохранить контроль над Сирией путем создания сдержек и противовесов между местными элитами. В XIX в. и особенно в период правления Абдул- Хамида II (18761909 гг.), сохранение Сирии под османским контролем стало вопросом существования Османской империи, которая перед лицом растущего европейского давления и интервенции потеряла большую часть своих владений на Балканах и в Северной Африке. Задача укрепления связей между имперским центром и периферией в сирийских вилайетах в последней четверти XIX в. была в целом успешно решена. К началу XX в. Сирия была одним из наиболее политически спокойных и прочно связанных со Стамбулом регионов Османской империи. Этому в значительной степени способствовали довольно высокий уровень общественной безопасности, развитие внешней торговли, рост образования и постепенная интеграция местных элит (как мусульман, так и христиан) в османские государственные и социальные механизмы. Положение Сирии в системе османских владений показало, что процесс ослабления и территориальной дезинтеграции Османской империи в эпоху реформ не был линейным и наряду с потерей владений и влияния на Балканах, в азиатской части империи в течение XIX и начала XX вв. происходил параллельный процесс имперской консолидации.Abstract The article examines the role and place of Greater Syria (including Lebanon and Palestine) in the system of Ottoman possessions over several centuries from the Ottoman conquest to the period of the reign of Abdul Hamid II. For four centuries of Ottoman domination, the territory of historical Syria (Bilad al-Sham) was one of the most important components in the Ottoman system and played the role of a link between Anatolia, Egypt, Iraq and Hijaz. The need to ensure the Hajj with symbols of Sultan power and patronage over the shrines of Mecca and Medina each year determined the special strategic importance of the Syrian provinces of the Ottoman Empire. Despite a number of serious threats during the general crisis of the Ottoman state system (late 16th early 19th centuries), the imperial center managed to maintain control over Syria by creating checks and balances between local elites. In the 19th century. And especially during the reign of Abdul Hamid II (18761909), keeping Syria under Ottoman control became a matter of existence for the Ottoman Empire, which, in the face of increasing European pressure and intervention, lost most of its possessions in the Balkans and North Africa. The task of strengthening ties between the imperial center and the periphery in Syrian vilayets in the last quarter of the 19th century was generally successfully resolved. By the beginning of the 20th century, Syria was one of the most politically calm and firmly connected with Istanbul regions of the Ottoman Empire. This was greatly facilitated by a fairly high level of public safety, the development of foreign trade, the growth of education and the gradual integration of local elites (both Muslims and Christians) into Ottoman state and social mechanisms. Syrias position in the system of Ottoman possessions clearly showed that the process of weakening and territorial disintegration of the Ottoman Empire during the era of reform was not linear, and along with the loss of possessions and influence in the Balkans, in the Asian part of the empire during the 19th and early 20th centuries there was a parallel process of imperial consolidation.

The challenges of the primary teachers in the XIX century: from the materials needed to teach classes to the payment of the salaries

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Silveira Amorim
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Primary Teachers ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Primary Teacher ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Qualified Teacher ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

Different aspects impacted the work of primary school teachers in the 19th century: the lack of materials for the teaching of classes, the delay in paying salaries and the release of resources to pay the rent of the houses where the classes worked, the health issues that implied the removal of the teacher for treatment, among others. Given this context, the objective is to inform how the teaching profession was configured based on the challenges faced by primary teachers in the 19th century. As a research in the field of History of Education, newspapers and official communications will be taken as sources, being analyzed from the conceptions of configuration and representation. It is possible to perceive that the profession of primary teacher was configured in the face of challenges and confrontations, corroborating the construction of the representation of the qualified teacher in the 19th century.

scholarly journals Juridische Soziologien

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Schweitzer
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Problematic Relationship ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century

Why did the subject of law play a central role in sociology as it emerged? And why is this no longer the case today? This study explains this transformation of the sociological interest in law by means of a genealogical investigation into the mutual references between the jurisprudence of private law and sociology: the way in which, from a legal perspective starting in the 19th century, law has been addressed as a social phenomenon in the face of concrete problems is reflected in the early sociologies of Émile Durkheim, Ferdinand Tönnies and Max Weber. This has led to a mutual demarcation, which places law and sociology in a problematic relationship to each other for the future.

scholarly journals “The Escape in the Desert” in Book Culture and Literature of Pre-Peter Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-72
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Isachenko
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Western Literature ◽  
19Th Century Literature ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
World Outlook ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Century Literature

<p>&nbsp;The motif of &ldquo;the escape from paradise&rdquo; has recently become one more time the subject of historical poetics. This motif is opposed to &ldquo;the expulsion from paradise&rdquo; accepted in Western literature. In the perception of scholars the motif of &ldquo;the escape from paradise&rdquo; in 19th century literature took a paradoxical form of &ldquo;loneliness&rdquo; (Dmitriev, Pushkin, Ostrovsky and Batyushkov) and then was designated as a &ldquo;moving&rdquo; model of a Russian man&rsquo;s life who escapes from Paradise&nbsp;&mdash; a &ldquo;homeostatic&rdquo; society (L.&nbsp;N.&nbsp;Gumilev). The transformation of the motif from a &ldquo;stable&rdquo; model to a &ldquo;moving&rdquo; one led to formation of a new Russian character&nbsp;&mdash; a &ldquo;homeless wanderer&rdquo; mentioned by F.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;Dostoevsky in his &ldquo;Pushkin Speech&rdquo;. The article puts forward a thesis that under the influence of wandering a part of Russian society feel inclined for Old Russian forms of world outlook that incites person&rsquo;s searches for life paradise in his own soul. This trend appears in the pilgrimage and theological literature of the 19th century. The transformation of the ratio between the &ldquo;stable&rdquo; and the &ldquo;moving&rdquo; towards the Old Russian ideal of wandering brings man to the saving paths of evangelical commandments. The theme of &ldquo;escape in the desert&rdquo; is closely related to the theme of &ldquo;Mental Paradise&rdquo;. In this regard, the key plot of the popular collection &ldquo;Mental Paradise&rdquo; popular in the 17th century and released in Wallay Iversky Monastery in 1658&ndash;1659 is considered. Based on the manuscripts the article shows how the motives of &ldquo;Paradise&rdquo; and &ldquo;escape in the desert&rdquo; having preceded the trends and having been developed in the 19th century leading to the prosperity of pilgrimage literature, are presented in literature of pre-Peter Russia.</p>

The Narcissus Theme in Western Literature up to the Early 19th Century

1969 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Hatzantonis ◽  
Louise Vinge ◽  
Frederick Goldin
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Western Literature

scholarly journals No Signs of Genetic Erosion in a 19th Century Genome of the Extinct Paradise Parrot (Psephotellus pulcherrimus)

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Irestedt ◽  
Per G. P. Ericson ◽  
Ulf S. Johansson ◽  
Paul Oliver ◽  
Leo Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Glacial Cycle ◽  
Genome Resequencing ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
Whole Genome Resequencing ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Last Glacial

The Paradise Parrot, Psephotellus pulcherrimus, was a charismatic Australian bird that became extinct around 1928. While many extrinsic factors have been proposed to explain its disappearance, it remains unclear as to what extent genetic erosion might have contributed to the species’ demise. In this study, we use whole-genome resequencing to reconstruct a 15x coverage genome based on a historical museum specimen and shed further light on the evolutionary history that preceded the extinction of the Paradise Parrot. By comparing the genetic diversity of this genome with genomes from extant endangered birds, we show that during the species’ dramatic decline in the second half of the 19th century, the Paradise Parrot was genetically more diverse than individuals from species that are currently classified as endangered. Furthermore, demographic analyses suggest that the population size of the Paradise Parrot changed with temperature fluctuations during the last glacial cycle. We also confirm that the Golden-shouldered Parrot, Psephotellus chrysopterygius, is the closest living relative of this extinct parrot. Overall, our study highlights the importance of museum collections as repositories of biodiversity across time and demonstrates how historical specimens can provide a broader context on the circumstances that lead to species extinctions.

Making emergency responders visible: working-class responses to industrial disaster in 19th-century journalism and poetry

2020 ◽  
pp. medhum-2020-011892
Author(s):  
Rosalyn Buckland
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Emergency Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
Cultural Shift ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
The Face ◽  
Industrial Disaster

Hidden beneath the ground in coalmines, or behind the walls of factories, injured bodies of workers have too often been overlooked. Using the 1842 Hartley Colliery disaster as a case study, this paper contrasts journalistic neglect with the ways in which working-class poets illuminated responses to large-scale injury. Often the greatest difficulty in industrial disaster was in securing access to trapped victims. Arriving late on the scene, neither journalists nor doctors were able to influence the outcome of events: in most cases emergency treatment was provided by workers themselves. While journalists struggled to portray these men’s stories, working-class poets such as Joseph Skipsey brought attention to their collaborative actions even in the face of injury or death. The actions of these colliers as first responders had a lasting significance, foreshadowing working-class involvement in the wider cultural shift towards collective responsibility for healthcare.

Moral Reform and the Anti-Abortion Movement

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Moral Values ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Moral Reform ◽  
Unborn Child ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Pressure Groups ◽  
The Face ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Throughout the 1970s protest against abortion was organised by two main pressure groups, the Society for the Protection of the Unborn Child and the LIFE organisation. This paper considers the rhetoric employed by the anti-abortion movement during this period by focusing on the campaign literature, the evidence submitted to various committees of inquiry and public statements made by leading anti-abortionists. The findings from a study of a small sample of anti-abortion protestors are also reported. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by sixty-four members of two local branches of the two national pressure groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted with local campaign activists. In the subsequent analysis the anti-abortion movement is depicted as adopting a position of cultural fundamentalism in the face of changing social mores and moral values. Protest against abortion is placed within the wider framework of moral reform. In studying the movement and its supporters use is made of the analytical distinction between assimilative and coercive reform (Gusfield, 1963).

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