scholarly journals Z historii polskich przekładów powieści Doktor Żywago Borysa Pasternaka (na podstawie korespondencji Jerzego Giedroycia i Gustawa Herlinga-Grudzińskiego oraz Jerzego Stempowskiego i Marii Dąbrowskiej)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (XXIII) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Iwona Anna NDiaye
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Social Activist ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Boris Pasternak ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Epistolary Culture

This article recalls the circumstances of the first edition of the novel by Boris Pasternak, Doctor Zhivago, in Polish translation, which appeared in 1959 in volume XLIV of the Biblioteka ‟Kultury” series, published by the Paris Literary Institute. Reconstruction of the history of this publishing initiative in the context of the political situation is possible thanks to historical sources preserved in the Paris and Warsaw archives, publications in periodicals, memoirs and epistolary culture. The circumstances in which the typescript was imported to Poland and in which the Literary Institute obtained a license for a Polish translation, the choice of translator, and Jerzy Giedroyc and Gustaw Herling-Grudziński’s correspondence are discussed. An important source of information is the lively correspondence between Maria Dąbrowska and Jerzy Stempowski, the son of a publicist and social activist, and Mason Stanisław Stempowski, a longtime life partner of the writer. The fragments of epistolary culture discussed here allow a better understanding of these outstanding individuals of the twentieth century. The content of the correspondence analyzed also allows us to reconstruct many interesting facts from the field of translating Russian literature into Polish, as well as the complex situation of Polish-Russian relations in the post-war period.

scholarly journals The Secession of Singapore from Malaysia: a Historical Interpretation of the Novel Satu Bumi

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-71
Author(s):  
Sohaimi Abdul Aziz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Fiction ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Historical Interpretation ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
History Of

History has often become the inspiration for writers, as it has for Isa Kamari in the case of his novel Satu Bumi ( One Earth ) (1998). What were the historical sources for this author, and how were they employed in his fiction? What was the author’s aim in fictonalizing these historical sources? These are the questions that receive attention in this paper. Using a historical approach and textual analysis, the historical facts found in the novel Satu Bumi and the author’s aims behind fictionalizing them are examined in this study. The study finds that the novel Satu Bumi is based on the history of Malaysia and Singapore, and fictionalizes the historical events using elements of romance and drama. However, even in this romantic and dramatic setting, the historical elements used do not merely serve to record the history of Malaysia and Singapore but are also employed to predict the future of the Malay community in Singapore. It is an alarming state due to the island state’s physical development and a political situation that could be deemed racist, apart from the attitude of the Malay community itself. Keywords: history, historical fiction, Malays, Singapore, Malaysia

Sanitārais stāvoklis Latgalē 1920. gadā latviešu preses skatījumā

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Henrihs Soms ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Local Municipalities ◽  
The Press ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Source Of Information

The aim of this article is to expand the knowledge of the history of Latvia in the 20th century, analyzing the sanitary situation in Latgale in 1920. The source of information – 8 Latvian newspapers from the year 1920. In the beginning of the article, the economic situation of Latgale (collapse of the farming, lack of goods, speculation) during the War of Independence and in the post-war months is de-scribed. Further, the prevalence of typhoid and dysentery epidemics is analyzed, as well as measures tak-en to improve the sanitary condition - events organized by Latgale local municipalities, assistance of Lat-vian Government and ministries in combating diseases in Latgale, as well as foreign (USA, England) as-sistance. The study allowed to conclude that Latvian newspapers are valuable historical sources in the study of the sanitary situation. The press widely and regularly informed about the dangers of the spread of diseases and explained the measures that were taken to improve the health of the population. In com-parison to the contemporary research, in 1920, due to objective reasons, the newspapers did not inform about the sanitary situation in the Latvian and Polish Armies, as well as about the Army's involvement in combating the diseases.

Rīgas humānistu motīvs Roalda Dobrovenska romānā „Magnus, dāņu princis”

2021 ◽  
pp. 172-180
Author(s):  
Ausma Cimdiņa
Keyword(s):  
Life Story ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Human Society ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role

The novel “Magnus, the Danish Prince” by the Russian diaspora in Latvia writer Roald Dobrovensky is seen as a specific example of a biographical and historical genre, which embodies the historical experience of different eras and nations in the confrontation of globalisation and national self-determination. At the heart of the novel are the Livonian War and the historical role and human destiny of Magnus (1540–1683) – the Danish prince of the Oldenburg dynasty, the first and the only king of Livonia. The motif of Riga’s humanists is seen both as one of the main ideological driving forces of the novel and as a marginal reflection in Magnus’s life story. Acknowledged historical sources have been used in the creation of the novel: Baltazar Rusov’s “Livonian Chronicle”; Nikolai Karamzin’s “History of the Russian State”; Alexander Janov’s “Russia: 1462–1584. The Beginning of the Tragedy. Notes of the Nature and Formation of Russian Statehood” etc. In connection with the concept of Riga humanists, another fictitious document created by the writer Dobrovensky himself is especially important, namely, the diary of Johann Birke – Magnus’s interpreter, a person with a double identity, “half-Latvian”, “half-German”. It is a message of an alternative to the well-known historical documents, which allows to turn the Livonian historical narrative in the direction of “letocentrism” and raises the issue of the ethnic identity of Riga’s humanists. Along with the deconstruction of the historically documented image of Livonian King Magnus, the thematic structure of the novel is dominated by identity aspects related to the Livonian historical narrative. Dobrovensky, with his novel, raises an important question – what does the medieval Livonia, Europe’s common intellectual heritage, mean for contemporary Latvia and the human society at large? Dobrovensky’s work is also a significant challenge in strengthening emotional ties with Livonia (which were weakened in the early stages of national historiography due to conflicts over the founding of nation-states).

scholarly journals “... I am meant to always remain an incorrigible correspondent”: letters from I. Ivanov to S. Platonov written in 1923–1924, introductory article, publication, commentary Authors:

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-318
Author(s):  
Victor V. Mitrofanov
Keyword(s):  
Local History ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Introductory Article ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Accurate Picture ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Ranking Official ◽  
Source Of Information

There are still many blank pages in the history of Tver regional studies, especially in that related to the early 20th century. In order to minimize them, the letters of the outstanding Tver local history expert Ivan A. Ivanov (1850–1927), the chairman of the Tver Provincial Scientific Archival Commission (1899–1918), are introduced into scientific circulation. They were written in 1923–24 and are addressed to Academician Sergei F. Platonov, whom the author met in 1897. The warm relations between these people were maintained for almost 30 subsequent years. S. Platonov took an active part in organizing and conducting significant historical and educational events initiated by the Tver Commission. The published letters are the only source of information about the almost unknown period in the life of I. Ivanov after he left Tver in September 1918 and about his active scientific research during this period. The content of the correspondence makes it possible to recreate an accurate picture of the daily life of a former high-ranking official who found himself in completely new life conditions caused by the changes in political situation. The ways of overcoming everyday difficulties, such as lack of accommodation, food and basic necessities, are indicated. Despite all hardship, insecurity, and concern for his children, I. Ivanov remained in need of active intellectual activity. His relatives (wife and children), new acquaintances, and communication with fellow villagers helped him in that. Some prestigious scientific institutions with which I. Ivanov established close ties, for example, the Russian Museum, showed interest in his selfless work.

scholarly journals Russian Reception by James Hogg (Mid-19th — Early 20th Centuries)

2021 ◽  
pp. 213-225
Author(s):  
D. N. Zhatkin ◽  
A. A. Ryabova
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
English Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
James Hogg ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western European ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Source Of Information

The article continues a series of works devoted to the Russian reception of the Scottish writer James Hogg (1770—1835), a famous interpreter of folk ballads and author of “The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner” (1824). The facts and materials related to the perception of J. Hogg in Russia in the middle of the XIX — early XX century are collected and summarized. It is noted that during the period under review, no new translations of J. Hogg's poetry and prose into Russian were created, however, in the articles of leading literary critics (N. G. Chernyshevsky, M. L. Mikhailov, A. V. Druzhinin) when analyzing the works of N. V. Gogol, T. Goode, the translation activity of I. S. Turgenev expressed opinions on certain aspects of the biography and work of the Scottish author. It has been established that the main source of information about J. Hogge and his work was for the Russian reader of the second half of the 19th — early 20th centuries translated publications on the history of English literature and culture, other books by Western European researchers published in Russia. The manifestations of interest of Russian researchers and popularizers of English literature in the work of J. Hogg are comprehended, with special attention paid to the article by N. A. Solovyov-Nesmelov “James Hogg”, which was a literary sketch about the childhood of the writer, and the essay by K. F. Tiander the novel of the first quarter of the 19th century, which offers a different assessment from the predecessors of the Scottish author’s activities as a continuer of the traditions of M. Edgeworth. 

scholarly journals War novel: the history of development and typology of the genre

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Taras Hrosevych
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
War Novels ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Resistance Movement

The general regularities and main tendencies of the development of a war novel have been researched in the article, an attempt of its typology and periodization is realized, the most common genre models is identified. The novel about the Second World War as a leading epic genre, which develops the theme of war in literature, creatively synthesized all the experience gained by the writers and front-line soldiers, became a noticeable artistic phenomenon and widespread genre formation in Western European, American and Slavic writing. It is concluded that the aesthetic and ideological-thematic level of artistic modeling of war reality is localized in different national literatures unevenly and stipulated first of all for the historical and geopolitical scope of the involvement of warring countries in hostilities. For example, in German military romance, is the so-called "Remarkable" novel, as well as a novel with a marked anti-militaristic nature. The main plot of the French war novel is the resistance movement, while the Italian one is fascist domination and occupation actions in the Balkans. Instead, in Britain, which has escaped occupation, military creativity takes a rather modest place. American writing focuses on war as a social phenomenon, armed conflicts in Vietnam. The polivector artistic search, the richness of types and varieties of war novel (panoramic novel, lyric war novel, anti-fascist novel, soldier novel, war novel-education, war novel with documentary basis, etc.) demonstrates military novel prose of Eastern Slavs. In particular, in the development of the Ukrainian war novel, literary critics distinguish such branches as the war novel, the post-war novel of the first decade, the war novel prose of the "second wave" (etc. pol. 50's - 60's), war novel 70’s-80’s, as well as modern war novels.

scholarly journals Cinematic Mirages of Theodor Dreiser

2021 ◽  
pp. 248-270
Author(s):  
Olga Yu. Antsyferova
Keyword(s):  
Film Adaptation ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sergei Eisenstein ◽  
Class Stratification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unconscious Desire ◽  
Death Of The Author

The article examines the history of cinematic versions (film adaptations) of T. Dreiserʼs novel An American Tragedy, the key concept of the analysis being that of a mirage (phantasm). It is the unattainable and unconscious desire for the mirage of wealth and luxury that guides Clyde Griffiths in the novel (not accidentally one of its early titles was “Mirage”). The plotline of Dreiser’s attempts to film the novel during his lifetime is marked by the same illusory, fantasmatic character: the script by Sergei Eisenstein, approved by the author, was rejected by Hollywood, the movie by Joseph von Sternberg, who eliminated sociological motives, was not accepted by Dreiser who tried to sue Paramount but lost the trial. George Stevensʼ post-war film adaptation of the novel titled A Place in the Sun, where the action was transferred into the early 1950s with their less rigid class stratification, became a tragic story about love and protagonist’s desire to dissolve into cinematic fantasy. A Place in the Sun was to become a cult film both among the intellectuals (Jean- Luc Godard) and among the mass media audience, the embodiment of which can be seen in the main character of the novel by S. Erickson Zeroville and of the eponymous movie by J. Franco. The history of the relationship between Dreiserʼs text and cinema can be perceived as a hypostasis of Roland Barthesʼ “death of the author”: appropriating a well-documented text of a real-historical author, cinema gradually and increasingly turns it into a space of intertextual play, from which the real author is eliminated and becomes a “mirage”, visible only to readers familiar with Dreiserʼs novel.

scholarly journals Błogosławiony widok i architektura pustelni. Stefana Żeromskiego epizod z dziejów szlaku na Kalatówki

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 277-286
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Łoboz
Keyword(s):  
Active Part ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Spiritual Renewal ◽  
Social Activist ◽  
Mountain Landscape ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Evolutionary Continuity

A blessed sight and architecture of a hermitage: Stefan Żeromski’s episode from the history of the Kalatówki trailThe article seeks to interpret the motif of Brother Albert Chmielowski participant in the January Uprising, social activist as well as a Young Poland painter in Stefan Żeromski’s 1913 novel Nawracanie Judasza Converting Judas and to answer the question about the role of the Albertine hermitage on Kalatówki. The Albertine congregation played an active part in the development of infrastructure in Zakopane, with the brothers working, for example, on the construction of the most popular tourist trail in the Tatras — to Giewont — an important thread in Żeromski’s novel. Żeromski sees Brother Albert not only as a spiritual idealist and social activist, but also a fine artist creating works typical of modernism painting in the altar in the Kalatówki chapel featuring the crucifix with the suffering Christ. The crucial motif of “converting Judas” lies in the enhancement of the status of landscape, an example of Żeromski’s typical lyricisation of descriptions of nature. For the author of Converting Judas, the subjectification of landscape as well as numerous metaphorised images of nature are used mostly as means to illustrate the protagonist’s inner landscape. The dominant myth in the novel — of eternal creative nature: changeable but personifying the evolutionary continuity of life — is an optimistically soothing answer to decadent dilemmas. In the mountain landscape, surrounded by nature and accompanied by a friar, the protagonist experiences a real katharsis. The “blessed sight” generates strength needed for the construction of the trail and personal spiritual renewal.

scholarly journals Interpretation of the history of post-war France in Pascal Quignard’s “The American Occupation”

2021 ◽  
Vol IX(253) (45) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
O. V. Savych
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
The Novel ◽  
American Occupation ◽  
French Writer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
Historical Epoch

The article deals with the specifics of the interpretation of the history of post-war France, made by a contemporary French writer Pascal Quignard in the novel "The American Occupation" (1994). The writer represents in detail the chosen historical period, emphasizing its socio-political and cultural peculiarities. In addition, the author pays attention to the phenomenon of modification of the national identity of the protagonists influenced by American mass culture. The depiction of a specific historical epoch in this work becomes part of Pascal Quignard's reflection on the meaning of history in its entirety.

scholarly journals “Doctor Zhivago” by Boris Pasternak in Italian criticism of the 1950s: a discussion in the magazine “Il Ponte”

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Sofya V. Polonskaya
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
General Public ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Nobel Laureate ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Boris Pasternak ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Literary Circles

the article will focus on the history of the first publication of the novel “Doctor Zhivago” by Boris Pasternak, on its influence on the formation of opinion about Boris Pasternak as a truly major prose writer, as well as on the potential role in the further receipt of the Nobel Prize by the author in 1958. As one knows, the first publication took place in Italy. It is from Italian cultural figures Giangiacomo Feltrinelli (the first publisher of the novel) and Pietro Antonio Zveteremich (its translator) it depended on how the novel would be received abroad, where Boris Pasternak had not been well-known by the late 1957 – the Swedish Academy initially refused to nominate the writer as a Nobel laureate due to insufficient fame in wide literary circles. After the publication of “Doctor Zhivago”, it was essential to determine what the content of the first reviews of this work would be. The paper reviews the first reviews of the novel in the Italian press, in particular, the discussion that unfolded in the independent monthly magazine “Il Ponte”. Such well-known cultural figures in Italian literary circles as Guglielmo Petroni, Carlo Cassola, and Manlio Cancogni spoke out. Their opinions were not ignored, they were accepted by the general public.

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