scholarly journals Company’s Reparations

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-99
Author(s):  
Anastasya Andreevna Tokarevskikh
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Contemporary State ◽  
Stimulation Of

Based on the analysis of the contemporary state of the development of the system of motivation and stimulation of labour of the personnel, the directions of improving of such processes are defined in the article. It is stated that the effective reparations management benefits to both employer and employee. Employees receiving fair salary, generous bonuses and remunerative incentives in exchange for their work will linger to their jobs, keep high performance and morale. It is noted that the issue of fair labour remuneration is highly relevant these days. The fact that the system of motivation and stimulation of personnel, allowing to solve this problem, has been developed in Russia is highlighted in the article. Author concludes that the effective reparations management contributes to employee’s involvement thus leads to the company’s success.

CAP2b, a cardioacceleratory peptide, is present in Drosophila and stimulates tubule fluid secretion via cGMP

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (6) ◽  
pp. R1321-R1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Davies ◽  
G. R. Huesmann ◽  
S. H. Maddrell ◽  
M. J. O'Donnell ◽  
N. J. Skaer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Cyclic Monophosphate ◽  
Cgmp Signaling ◽  
Camp And Cgmp ◽  
Tubule Fluid ◽  
Stimulation Of

A cardioacceleratory peptide, CAP2b, identified originally in the lepidopteran Manduca sexta, stimulates fluid secretion by Malpighian tubules of the dipteran Drosophila melanogaster. High-performance liquid chromatography analyses of adult D. melanogaster reveal the presence of a CAP2b-like peptide, that coelutes with M. sexta CAP2b and synthetic CAP2b and that has CAP2b-like effects on the M. sexta heart. CAP2b accelerates fluid secretion in tubules stimulated by adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) but has no effect on tubules stimulated by guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), implying that it acts through the latter pathway. By contrast, the action of leucokinin is additive to both cAMP and cGMP but not to thapsigargin, suggesting that leucokinin acts by the elevation of intracellular calcium. CAP2b stimulation elevates tubule cGMP levels but not those of cAMP. By contrast, leucokinin has no effect on levels of either cyclic nucleotide. Both CAP2b and cGMP increase transepithelial potential difference, suggesting that stimulation of vacuolar-adenosinetriphosphatase action underlies the corresponding increases in fluid secretion. Overall, the results show that a Drosophila CAP2b-related peptide acts to stimulate fluid secretion by Malpighian tubules through the cGMP-signaling pathway.

Effects of Baicalein on Prostanoid Generation from the Lung and Contractile Responses of the Trachea in Guinea Pig

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Miyamoto ◽  
Takeshi Katsuragi ◽  
Parhat Abdu ◽  
Tatsuo Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Antigen Challenge ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Stimulation Of

Effects of baicalein on release of slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) or leukotriene (L T) from the sensitized guinea pig lung after antigen challenge and tonus of guinea pig tracheal muscles were studied. Baicalein inhibited release of SRS-A from sensitized guinea pig lung after antigen challenge. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that released SRS-A consisted of LTC 4 and D 4. Baicalein also reduced release of LTC 4 and D 4 from the sensitized lung after antigen challenge. Baicalein relaxed the isolated guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle contracted by LTD 4, carbachol or histamine. However, this compound produced a contraction when the tracheal muscle was contracted by prostaglandin F 2α ( PGF 2α). This contraction by baicalein was abolished by pretreatment with indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. Baicalein elicited a relaxation in the normal non-sensitized tracheal preparation but a contraction in the tissue isolated from actively sensitized guinea pig in 4 among 7 cases. Baicalein also produced a contraction in the trachea pretreated with phorbol dibutyrate and contracted by carbachol, which was eliminated after treatment with indomethacin. The results suggest that baicalein exerts action via, at least, two different mechanisms, the inhibition of releasing SRS-A (LTs) and direct relaxing effects on the trachea. Besides, baicalein seems to produce contraction under certain conditions, which may involve stimulation of the cyclooxygenase pathway.

scholarly journals Platinized graphene fiber electrodes uncover direct spleen-vagus communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Gonzalez-Gonzalez ◽  
Geetanjali S. Bendale ◽  
Kezhong Wang ◽  
Gordon G. Wallace ◽  
Mario Romero-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Tract Tracing ◽  
Pharmacological Modulation ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Point Of Entry ◽  
Neural Modulation ◽  
Major Organ ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractNeural interfacing nerve fascicles along the splenic neurovascular plexus (SNVP) is needed to better understand the spleen physiology, and for selective neuromodulation of this major organ. However, their small size and anatomical location have proven to be a significant challenge. Here, we use a reduced liquid crystalline graphene oxide (rGO) fiber coated with platinum (Pt) as a super-flexible suture-like electrode to interface multiple SNVP. The Pt-rGO fibers work as a handover knot electrodes over the small SNVP, allowing sensitive recording from four splenic nerve terminal branches (SN 1–4), to uncover differential activity and axon composition among them. Here, the asymmetric defasciculation of the SN branches is revealed by electron microscopy, and the functional compartmentalization in spleen innervation is evidenced in response to hypoxia and pharmacological modulation of mean arterial pressure. We demonstrate that electrical stimulation of cervical and sub-diaphragmatic vagus nerve (VN), evokes activity in a subset of SN terminal branches, providing evidence for a direct VN control over the spleen. This notion is supported by adenoviral tract-tracing of SN branches, revealing an unconventional direct brain-spleen projection. High-performance Pt-rGO fiber electrodes, may be used for the fine neural modulation of other small neurovascular plexus at the point of entry of major organs as a bioelectronic medical alternative.

Tanshinone IIA Increases mRNA Expression of Efflux Transporters in Cultured Human Intestinal Cell

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (05) ◽  
pp. 995-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yin ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
Yanhui Wang ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Wanying Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Tanshinone Iia ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Efflux Transporters ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Stimulation Of

Tanshinone IIA (TSNIIA) is the major active component of Salvia miltorrhiza, which is used in treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases traditionally in China. However, the low bioavailability of TSNIIA limits its clinical usage. To reveal the mechanism relating the absorption of TSNIIA, we detected the expression of efflux transporters in Caco-2 cells under the stimulation of TSNIIA. TSNIIA was purified and above 98% purity was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The expression of nine efflux transporters including BCRP, hPepT1, MCT and MRP1-6 in Caco-2 were verified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and the up-regulation of TSNIIA on the expression of these transporters was found by reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction. These results indicate that the low bioavailability of TSNIIA is partially due to its up-regulation on efflux transporters.

scholarly journals Lymphocyte-based Determination of Susceptibility to Malignant Hyperthermia: A Pilot Study in Swine

2010 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 917-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saiid Bina ◽  
John Capacchione ◽  
Sheila Muldoon ◽  
Munkhuu Bayarsaikhan ◽  
Rolf Bunger
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Hyperthermia ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Malignant Hyperthermia Susceptibility ◽  
Swine Model ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Stimulation Of

Background Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (MHS) is diagnosed by an invasive in vitro caffeine-halothane contracture test (CHCT) carried out on biopsied skeletal muscle tissue. We are presenting a novel blood test approach for malignant hyperthermia testing in a swine model. Our main aim was to determine whether adenosine production from lymphocytes after 4-chloro-m-cresol (4CmC) stimulation distinguishes homozygous swine carrying the Arg615Cys mutation in the ryanodine receptor type 1 (RyR1) gene (MHS swine) from normal swine. Methods Lymphocytes were isolated from arterial blood (40 ml) obtained from MHS (n = 7) and normal (n = 7) swine. Cells were suspended in Hank's balanced salt solution and treated with 4CmC (0-10 mm) at 37°C in the presence of adenosine deaminase inhibitor. After termination and purification of samples, aliquots (50 μl) were assayed for adenosine content using high performance liquid chromatography. Results Baseline adenosine levels before stimulating lymphocytes with 4CmC were 0.025 ± 0.004 and 0.041 ± 0.006 μm (mean ± SEM) in lymphocytes from normal and MHS swine, respectively (P = 0.125). Maximum responses were achieved at 1 mm 4CmC for both cell-line groups. Adenosine levels after stimulation with 4CmC (1 mm) were 0.185 ± 0.009 and 0.397 ± 0.038 μm in lymphocytes from normal and MHS swine, respectively (P = 0.0035). There was no overlap between adenosine levels in stimulated lymphocytes from MHS and normal swine. Conclusion 4CmC stimulation of porcine lymphocytes induces increased adenosine formation in MHS cells relative to those from normal swine; evaluation of adenosine formation in response to RyR1 agonists in human lymphocytes is needed.

Involvement of the cytoskeleton in the steroidogenic response of frog adrenal glands to angiotensin II, acetylcholine and serotonin

1988 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Feuilloley ◽  
P. Netchitaïlo ◽  
C. Delarue ◽  
F. Leboulenger ◽  
M. Benyamina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cytochalasin B ◽  
Adrenal Steroidogenesis ◽  
Microtubular Network ◽  
Spontaneous Secretion ◽  
Corticosteroid Secretion ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT In order to determine the role of the cytoskeleton in adrenal steroidogenesis, we have studied the effect of cytochalasin B (a microfilament-disrupting agent) and vinblastine (an antimicrotubular drug) on corticosteroid secretion by frog interrenal tissue in vitro. Perifusion of interrenal fragments with cytochalasin B (50 μmol/l) induced a marked inhibition of basal corticosteroid output. In addition, stimulation of corticosteroidogenesis by all corticotrophic factors was also inhibited by cytochalasin B. Using an immunohistochemical technique and specific anti-tubulin antiserum, we verified that vinblastine (10 μmol/l) was responsible for the disappearance of the microtubular network in adrenocortical cells. Administration of vinblastine (10 μmol/l) did not affect the spontaneous secretion of corticosterone and aldosterone and had no effect on the steroidogenic response of interrenal glands to angiotensin II and acetylcholine. In contrast, vinblastine was responsible for a marked decrease in serotonin-induced stimulation of corticosteroid production. On the other hand, data from high-performance liquid chromatography showed that infusion of cytochalasin B or vinblastine was not associated with the production of any new steroid which could interfere in the radioimmunoassays. Taken together, these data suggest that microfilaments are involved in a late and common step of corticosteroidogenesis while microtubules are only required for the coupling of the secretory response to certain corticotrophic factors such as ACTH and serotonin. J. Endocr. (1988) 118, 365–374

scholarly journals Platinized graphene fiber electrodes revealed differential activity in terminal splenic neurovascular plexi supporting a direct spleen-vagus communication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María A. González-González ◽  
Geetanjali Bendale ◽  
K Wang ◽  
Gordon G. Wallace ◽  
Mario Romero-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Tract Tracing ◽  
Pharmacological Modulation ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Point Of Entry ◽  
Neural Modulation ◽  
Major Organ ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractNeural interfacing nerve fascicles along the splenic neurovascular plexi (SNVP) is needed to better understand the spleen physiology, and for selective neuromodulation of this major organ. However, the small size and anatomical location have proven to be a significant challenge. Here, we use a reduced liquid crystalline graphene oxide (rGO) fiber coated with platinum (Pt) as a super-flexible suture-like electrode to interface multiple SNVP. The Pt-rGO fibers were used as handover knot electrodes over the small plexi, allowing sensitive recording from the splenic nerve (SN) terminal branches. Asymmetric defasciculation of the SN branches was revealed by electron microscopy, and the functional compartmentalization in spleen innervation was evidenced in response to hypoxia and pharmacological modulation of mean arterial pressure. We demonstrate that electrical stimulation of cervical and subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve (VN), evoked direct activity in a subset of SN terminal branches, providing evidence for a direct VN control over the spleen. This notion was supported by tract-tracing of SN branches, revealing an unconventional direct spleen-VN projection. High-performance Pt-rGO fiber electrodes, may be used for the fine neural modulation of other small neurovascular plexi at the point of entry of the organs as a bioelectronic medical alternative.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of carotenoids and carotene containing compounds

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Sergeev ◽  
V. S. Anan’Ev ◽  
A. B. Kapitanov ◽  
S. A. Korostelev ◽  
Yu. M. Bukreev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Antitumor Therapy ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Stimulation Of

Background. Some natural carotenoids have anti-carcinogenic, anti-mutagenic, and immunomodifying activity and may be considered as potential agents for chemoprevention of cancer. Objective: to study pharmacokinetics of beta-carotene, cantaxantene, lycopene, and carotene-containing compounds created on the base of the mentioned substances. Materials and methods. The study used carotene-containing drugs, which we previously created, such as Betask, Kaskatol, Tomatol, natural carotene-tocopherol complex derived from cankerberry. The research was conducted on mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, piglets, monkeys (Javanese macaque); the observations also involved healthy donors and patients with colorectal cancer before surgery. Carotenoid and retinoid detection was made by high performance liquid chromatography in blood plasma and liver tissue. Results. Comparative analysis of pharmacokinetics of the studied carotenoids demonstrates their relatively low absorption in animals. Bioavailability varies significantly among species; and it increases in the following order: dogs, rabbits, mice, rat, piglets, humans. Pharmacokinetics of carotenoids and carotene-containing compounds was studied with single and multiple administration per os. Cantaxantene and lycopene have a better bioavailability as compared to synthetic beta-carotene. Pharmacokinetics of synthetic carotenes and carotenoids of carotene-containing compounds has no significant differences. Beta-carotene in natural carotene-tocopherol complex has higher bioavailability (2-4 fold higher) as compared to synthetic beta-carotene. Regular complex administration into monkeys results in enhanced beta-carotene levels in blood serum of the animals and inhibits chemically induced carcinogenesis. The patients’ intake of beta-carotene in the pre-operational period was associated with the enhanced pro-vitamin levels in blood serum and stimulation of a number of cellular immune parameters. Conclusions. The studied carotenoids and carotene-containing compounds may be used in combined antitumor therapy and as treatment and prophylactics agents in cancer risk groups.

Personnel’s Motivation to Self-organize Labor Activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Маслов ◽  
Yevgyeniy Maslov ◽  
Абакумова ◽  
Nadezhda Abakumova ◽  
Нехаев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Internal Motivation ◽  
Individual Motivation ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Unstable Environment ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
Personnel Control ◽  
Stimulation Of

The article discusses the problem of increase of effi ciency of work of employees on the basis of formation of aspiration to self-organization, self-government and internal motivation. The problem arose owing to unstable environment. Modern management looks for internal mechanisms of regulation of employees’ behavior in the conditions of the changing environment. It is the behavior which is based on self-organization, self-government, internal motivation. Authors attempt to defi ne the “self-organization of work of the personnel” category and its main components. Thus they consider in detail internal motivation of work as one of the main components of self-organization. Specifi c Psychological features of the personality induce, stimulate the worker to high-performance work and activity. In Russia Modern systems of compensation are used for formation of internal motivation. In these systems workers handle clear purposes on achievement of result through the system of indicators; this promotes self-organization of the worker when performing the work. The article off ers the following as conditions for self-organization: selection and development of the employed personnel, control minimization, stimulation of an initiative and innovative off ers, individual motivation and stimulation, development of the system of the improving innovations in the organization.

Dissociation of phosphaturia and 25(OH)D-1 alpha-hydroxylase trophism using a novel analogue of parathyroid hormone

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (4) ◽  
pp. E483-E487 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Carpenter ◽  
M. D. McPhee ◽  
R. Bort ◽  
M. A. Mitnick ◽  
D. L. Carnes
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Phosphate Transport ◽  
Hydroxylase Activity ◽  
Renal Handling ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
C57bl Mice ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Stimulation Of

Certain parathyroid hormone (PTH) analogues have been shown to selectively impair some but not all physiological actions of PTH. In this study, transaminated rat (r) PTH [TA-rPTH-(1-34)], a PTH analogue that differs from the rPTH-(1-34) fragment in that the NH2-terminal alanine is converted to pyruvate, was infused into mice to determine its properties in vivo and specifically to determine whether stimulation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase (1 alpha-hydroxylase) activity was more dependent on concomitant renal handling of phosphate or on generation of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP). High-performance liquid chromatography-purified TA-rPTH-(1-34) was infused into C57BL mice at 10 or 30 pmol/h for 24 h. At 30 pmol/h, TA-rPTH-(1-34) was comparable with rPTH-(1-34) in its hypophosphatemic and phosphaturic effects but was less potent than rPTH-(1-34) in raising serum calcium. TA-rPTH-(1-34) was markedly less effective in stimulating renal 1 alpha-hydroxylase than rPTH-(1-34). Stimulation of urinary cAMP excretion occurred after infusion with TA-rPTH-(1-34), but this effect was significantly less than that seen with rPTH-(1-34). These findings indicate that PTH-induced hypophosphatemia and phosphaturia can be uncoupled from PTH stimulation of 1 alpha-hydroxylase. Furthermore, cAMP-related signal transduction appears to be more significant in regulation of 1 alpha-hydroxylase than mechanisms that mediate PTH-sensitive phosphate transport, independent of cAMP.

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