Variability in Field Response of Peanut Genotypes from the U.S. and China to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and Leaf Spots

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Albert K. Culbreath ◽  
Charles Y. Chen ◽  
Steve J. Knapp ◽  
C. Corley Holbrook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Total Incidence ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Tomato spotted wilt, caused by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and transmitted by thrips, and early leaf spot and late leaf spot are among the most important diseases of peanut in the southeastern United States. The objective of this study was to compare field susceptibility of diverse peanut lines to TSWV and leaf spot pathogens for selection of lines for mapping population development. In field trials in 2007 and 2008, 22 genotypes were evaluated for reactions to TSWV and leaf spots. Early leaf spot was the predominate pathogen in both years. There was a near-continuous range of spotted wilt from 18% to 79% for the total incidence rating with any symptoms caused by TSWV. In general, NC94022, ‘Georganic’, C689-6-2, ‘Georgia-01R’, C724-19-25, TifGP-1, C11-154-61, C12-3-114-58, and ‘Tifguard’ were among the most resistant genotypes to TSWV, whereas GT-C20, GT-C9 and PE-2 were the most susceptible. Final percentage of defoliation by leaf spots ranged from 10% to 97% for both years. Genotypes C689-2, Georgia-01R, C12-3-114-58, C11-154-61, Tifguard and Georganic showed resistance to leaf spots, whereas ‘NC-6’, ‘Spancross’, GT-C9, GT-C20 and PE-2 were susceptible to leaf spots. There were 3 cultivars and 3 breeding lines classified as resistant to both TSWV and leaf spots; and there were 3 genotypes from China susceptible to both TSWV and leaf spots. These phenotypic disease reaction data can be used in conjunction with genetic characterization of these genotypes for development of recombinant inbred line populations in efforts to develop markers for resistance to TSWV and leaf spots.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Molecular Evaluation of Interspecific Peanut (Arachis) Lines

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Anderson ◽  
G. Kochert ◽  
C. C. Holbrook ◽  
H. T. Stalker
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Resistant Disease ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Abstract Peanut breeders are constantly in search of new sources of genes that confer tolerance or resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses to improve the production and quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate peanut lines generated from interspecific crosses for amounts of wild species introgression, including genes for resistance to peanut root-knot nematodes, tomato spotted wilt virus and leaf spot diseases. Nine diploid Arachis species were crossed with peanut breeding lines and 130 different interspecific hybrid lines were developed. These lines were evaluated for the amount of introgression using RFLP analyses, plant morphology, and disease resistant phenotypes. Based on RFLPs, 41 lines showed measurable introgression and 12 hexaploid-derived lines were polymorphic for at least four probes. Greenhouse and field evaluations indicated that resistance was not present in the lines tested for tomato spotted wilt virus, early leaf spot, or Cylindrocladium black rot. However, resistance approaching that of the wild species was found for the peanut root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne arenaria) among lines derived from crosses with Arachis diogoi, A. correntina, A. batizocoi, and A. cardenasii. Introgression lines were resistant (disease ratings of 1.5 to 4.5 and lesion numbers 8 to 63) compared to Southern Runner (ratings of 5.5 to 6 and lesion numbers of nearly 500) for late leaf spot (Cercosporidium personation) in field evaluations performed in Gainesville, FL over 2 yr. The greatest resistance was found among lines from crosses with A. batizocoi, A. duranensis, A. stenosperma, A. magma, and A. diogoi. Results indicate that it should be possible to identify molecular markers to tag resistance genes for use in conventional breeding programs and stack these genes in highly productive peanut cultivars.

Effect of Imazapic and 2,4-DB on Peanut Yield, Grade, and Seed Germination

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Faircloth ◽  
E. P. Prostko
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
The Other ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Abstract Recurrent problems with peanut seed germination and stand establishment have raised concerns about the potential effects of herbicides on peanut seed quality. Field trials were conducted in south Georgia in 2005 and 2006 to evaluate the effects of imazapic and 2,4-DB on peanut yield, grade, incidence of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), and seed germination. Imazapic at 71 g ai ha−1, applied at 30 and 40 days after planting (DAP), and 2,4-DB at 270 g ai ha−1, applied at 75 or 90 DAP, had no effect on peanut yield, grade, incidence of TSWV, and seed germination when averaged over two locations (Dawson and Tifton) and three cultivars (Georgia Green, Georgia-01R, and C-99R). Normal cultivar yield variations were observed; however, Georgia-01R had reduced standard (25 C) and cold (15 C) germination when compared to the other cultivars.

scholarly journals High Levels of Field Resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus in Peanut Breeding Lines Derived from hypogaea and hirsuta Botanical Varieties

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Culbreath ◽  
D. W. Gorbet ◽  
N. Martinez-Ochoa ◽  
C. C. Holbrook ◽  
J. W. Todd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Botanical Varieties

Variation Among Virginia Market-Type Peanut Genotypes in Susceptibility to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Vectored by Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Riniker ◽  
R. L. Brandenburg ◽  
G. G. Kennedy ◽  
T. G. Isleib ◽  
D. L. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Wilt Virus

Abstract Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), a thrips-vectored tospovirus, is an important pathogen of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Development of tolerant cultivars has proven to be one of the most promising methods to manage the disease. Twenty-four genotypes of virginia market-type peanut were monitored in field tests for thrips damage, and TSWV incidence and severity during 2004 and 2005 in North Carolina. The cultivar Gregory had a higher density of adult thrips in foliage than any other genotype, while breeding lines N01057 and N03054E had the lowest density. No significant correlation was detected between thrips density or injury and TSWV incidence. Line N03036EJ had the greatest TSWV incidence, but did not differ from cultivars Gregory or Perry in incidence. Line N00033 had the least TSWV incidence and differed from the cultivars Gregory and Perry. The occurrence of late-season chlorosis or peanut yellowing death (PYD) was highly correlated with TSWV infection (P < 0.0001). Breeding line N02051ol had the greatest incidence of PYD, but did not differ statistically from Gregory or Perry. Lines N03023EF and N01083 had the least PYD incidence. Plants infected with TSWV not expressing foliar symptoms were found in far greater abundance than plants that were infected and symptomatic. Line N03036EJ had the greatest proportion of infected but asymptomatic plants; line N03054E had the least. Susceptible lines are more likely to become infected, rather than just more likely to show spotted wilt symptoms.

scholarly journals Characterization of a vector-non-transmissible isolate of Tomato spotted wilt virus

2007 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 070928213247001-??? ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Naidu ◽  
J. L. Sherwood ◽  
C. M. Deom
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

scholarly journals New Breeding Lines Resistant to Tomato Mosaic Virus and Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus within the ‘De la Pera’ Tomato Type: UMH 1353 and UMH 1354

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago García-Martínez ◽  
Adrián Grau ◽  
Aranzazu Alonso ◽  
Fernando Rubio ◽  
Pedro Carbonell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Biological and molecular characterization of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) infecting Chrysanthemum in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinnaiah Senthilraja ◽  
Varagur Ganesan Malathi ◽  
Sevugapperumal Nakkeeran ◽  
Mariappan Suganthy ◽  
Uthandi Sivakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

scholarly journals Expression and Characterization of a Soluble Form of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Glycoprotein GN

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (23) ◽  
pp. 13197-13206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna E. Whitfield ◽  
Diane E. Ullman ◽  
Thomas L. German
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Envelope Glycoproteins ◽  
Insect Midgut ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

ABSTRACT Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), a member of the Tospovirus genus within the Bunyaviridae, is an economically important plant pathogen with a worldwide distribution. TSWV is transmitted to plants via thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), which transmit the virus in a persistent propagative manner. The envelope glycoproteins, GN and GC, are critical for the infection of thrips, but they are not required for the initial infection of plants. Thus, it is assumed that the envelope glycoproteins play important roles in the entry of TSWV into the insect midgut, the first site of infection. To directly test the hypothesis that GN plays a role in TSWV acquisition by thrips, we expressed and purified a soluble, recombinant form of the GN protein (GN-S). The expression of GN-S allowed us to examine the function of GN in the absence of other viral proteins. We detected specific binding to thrips midguts when purified GN-S was fed to thrips in an in vivo binding assay. The TSWV nucleocapsid protein and human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B did not bind to thrips midguts, indicating that the GN-S-thrips midgut interaction is specific. TSWV acquisition inhibition assays revealed that thrips that were concomitantly fed purified TSWV and GN-S had reduced amounts of virus in their midguts compared to thrips that were fed TSWV only. Our findings that GN-S binds to larval thrips guts and decreases TSWV acquisition provide evidence that GN may serve as a viral ligand that mediates the attachment of TSWV to receptors displayed on the epithelial cells of the thrips midgut.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of host proteins interacting with NSm, the Tomato spotted wilt virus movement protein

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 1 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. S108-S111
Author(s):  
M. Paape ◽  
S. Nell ◽  
S. von Bargen ◽  
J.-W. Kellmann
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Movement Protein ◽  
Host Proteins ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
J Domain ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Two Hybrid ◽  
Interaction Trap

To search for host proteins involved in systemic spreading of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), the virus-encoded NSm movement protein has been utilized as a bait in yeast two-hybrid interaction trap assays. J-domain chaperones from different host species and a protein denominated At-4/1 from Arabidopsis thaliana showing homologies to myosins and kinesins were identified as NSm-interacting partners. In this communication we illustrate that following TSWV infection, J-domain proteins accumulated in systemically infected leaves of A. thaliana, whereas At-4/1 was constitutively detected in leaves of A. thaliana and Nicotiana rustica.

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