scholarly journals A facile approach for grafting bi-functional groups terminated branched polyphosphazene on carbon fibers

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 962-969
Author(s):  
Z. J. He ◽  
J. H. Liu ◽  
S. H. Liu ◽  
X. Q. Zhang ◽  
C. H. Lei
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Carbon Fibers

Surface and Composite Interface of Carbon Fiber Modified by Grafting of Diethanolamine

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 497-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Chen ◽  
Zhi Wei Xu ◽  
Jia Lu Li ◽  
Xiao Qing Wu ◽  
Li Chen
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Interlaminar Shear Strength ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Composite Interface ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

The γ-ray co-irradiation method was employed to study the effect of diethanolamine modification on the surface of carbon fiber (CF) and the interfacial properties of CF/epoxy composites. Compared with the original carbon fiber, the surface of modified fibers became rougher. The amount of oxygen-containing functional groups was increased and the nitrogen element was detected after irradiation grafting. The interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of composites reinforced by carbon fibers irradiated in diethanolamine solution was increased and then decreased as the irradiation dose increased. The ILSS of CF/epoxy composites was enhanced by 16.1% at 200kGy dose, compared with that of untreated one. The γ-ray irradiation grafting is expected to be a promising method for the industrialized modification of carbon fibers.

A Study of Surface Modification on Adsorption Behaviors of Nanoporous Carbon

2007 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byeoung Ku Kim ◽  
Young Seak Lee ◽  
Seung Kon Ryu ◽  
Byung Joo Kim ◽  
Soo Jin Park
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Surface Acidity ◽  
Activated Carbon Fibers ◽  
Adsorption Behaviors ◽  
Toxic Gases ◽  
Adsorption Amount ◽  
Polar Functional Groups

In this work, to introduce polar functional groups on carbon surfaces, activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were treated by nitric acid in order to enhance the adsorption capacity of propylamine which was one of toxic gases in cigarette smoke. It was found that the polar functional groups were predominantly increased up to 2.0 M of nitric acid, resulting in the increase of total surface acidity. It was found that the adsorption amount of propylamine of the modified ACFs was increased around 17% after a nitric acid treatment. From the XPS results, it was observed that propylamine was reacted with strong or weak polar (acidic) groups, such as COOH, -COO or OH existed on the ACF surfaces.

scholarly journals Valorization of Lignin as a Sustainable Component of Structural Materials and Composites: Advances from 2011 to 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menisha S. Karunarathna ◽  
Rhett C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Automotive Components ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Technical Issues

Lignin is the most abundant aromatic biopolymer and is the sustainable feedstock most likely to supplant petroleum-derived aromatics and downstream products. Rich in functional groups, lignin is largely peerless in its potential for chemical modification towards attaining target properties. Lignin’s crosslinked network structure can be exploited in composites to endow them with remarkable strength, as exemplified in timber and other structural elements of plants. Yet lignin may also be depolymerized, modified, or blended with other polymers. This review focuses on substituting petrochemicals with lignin derivatives, with a particular focus on applications more significant in terms of potential commercialization volume, including polyurethane, phenol-formaldehyde resins, lignin-based carbon fibers, and emergent melt-processable waste-derived materials. This review will illuminate advances from the last eight years in the prospective utilization of such lignin-derived products in a range of application such as adhesives, plastics, automotive components, construction materials, and composites. Particular technical issues associated with lignin processing and emerging alternatives for future developments are discussed.

Fabrication of the Carbon Paper by Wet-Laying of Ozone-Treated Carbon Fibers with Hydrophilic Functional Groups

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1069-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kim ◽  
Y.-J. Lee ◽  
D.-C. Lee ◽  
G.-G. Park ◽  
Y. Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Carbon Paper ◽  
Treated Carbon

Influence of Fiber’s Surface State on Mechanical Properties and Fiber-Matrix Interaction of CFRP

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 323-328
Author(s):  
J. J. Sha ◽  
Y.X. Zhang ◽  
J. Li ◽  
J. X. Dai ◽  
Z. Q. Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Surface State ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Flexural Test ◽  
Matrix Interaction ◽  
Fiber Matrix

In order to investigate the influence of carbon fiber’s surface state on the mechanical properties and the fiber-matrix interaction of CFRP, the change of surface state was achieved by thermal treatment of carbon fibers at elevated temperatures, and the surface state was characterized by XPS. The mechanical properties were measured from the flexural test. The CFRP reinforced with 600 °C treated fabrics containing the highest reactive functional groups, showed the highest flexural strength and modulus. But in the case of CFRP reinforced with 1500 °C treated fabrics containing the lowest reactive functional groups, exhibited the lowest flexural strength and modulus. Combining the mechanical properties with the microstructure analysis, the results indicated that the fiber-matrix interaction (strong or weak) depends on the relative percentage of reactive functional groups present on the carbon fiber surface.

Influence of Surface Properties of Carbon Fibers Biofilm Carriers on Immobilization of Different Microorganisms

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 2844-2847
Author(s):  
Zhao Kun Ma ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Huai He Song
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Denitrifying Bacterium ◽  
Polymer Carriers ◽  
Area Functional ◽  
Biofilm Carriers

Results of our workgroups have shown that carbon fibers (CFs) are high quality biofilm carriers with well biocompatibility relative to other polymer carriers used in biofilm sewage treatment. In the present study, two kinds of microorganisms, namely, aerobic nitrifier and facultative aerobic denitrifying bacterium, were immobilized on the surface of different CFs, which the effects of specific area, functional groups and wettability on immobilization of these bacteria was studied. Results show that different microorganism require for different surface properties of CFs. Biomass of immobilized aerobic nitrifier increases with increasing specific areas, surface oxygenic functional groups and wettability of CFs. It can be immobilized more facultative aerobic denitrifying bacterium if there are proper specific areas, surface functional oxygenic group and wettability on the surface of CFs

scholarly journals Effect of Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Treatments on Fracture Toughness of Carbon Fibers-Reinforced Composites

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3698
Author(s):  
Won-Jong Kim ◽  
Young-Jung Heo ◽  
Jong-Hoon Lee ◽  
Kyong Yop Rhee ◽  
Soo-Jin Park
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Pressure Plasma

In this study, nano-scale fillers are added to epoxy matrix-based carbon fibers-reinforced composites (CFRPs) to improve the mechanical properties of multi-scale composites. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) used as nano-scale fillers are treated with atmospheric-pressure plasma to introduce oxygen functional groups on the fillers’ surface to increase the surface free energy and polar component, which relates to the mechanical properties of multi-scale composites. In addition, the effect of dispersibility was analyzed through the fracture surfaces of multi-scale composites containing atmospheric-pressure plasma-treated SWCNTs (P-SWCNTs) under high load conditions. The fillers content has an optimum weight percent load at 0.5 wt.% and the fracture toughness (KIC) method is used to demonstrate an improvement in mechanical properties. Here, KIC was calculated by three equations based on different models and we analyzed the correlation between mechanical properties and surface treatment. Compared to the composites of untreated SWCNTs, the KIC value is improved by 23.7%, suggesting improved mechanical properties by introducing selective functional groups through surface control technology to improve interfacial interactions within multi-scale composites.

Microstructure and Oxygen Functional Groups on Modified Liquefied Wooden Activated Carbon Fibers with Hydrogen Peroxide

2013 ◽  
Vol 433-435 ◽  
pp. 2003-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Gao ◽  
Gaungjie Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Activated Carbon Fibers ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Oxygen Functional Groups

The aim of this study is to investigate changes in microstructure and oxygen functional groups of liquefied wood activated carbon fibers using density functional theory, FTIR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Samples were immersed with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at three concentrations (15, 20, and 25 wt%), three temperatures (90, 70, and 50 °C) for three periods of time (1, 2, and 3 h). The results reveals that the pores average radius narrow, and micropores turn into mesopores or macropores with the increasing process, which brings about the surface area of treated samples decrease. Numerous oxygen functional groups are observed in the treated samples, and the ratios of oxygen and carbon increase from 3.2% before treated to 14.7% with H2O2 modification. The results confirm that the average pore radius and surface area decrease during treatment due to concentration and temperature. What is more, oxygen functional groups increase significantly with increasing treatment concentration.

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