scholarly journals The effect of soil coverage on the soil quality

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sz. Sári ◽  
N. Kappel ◽  
B. Z. Sipos ◽  
E. Forró
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Nitrogen Forms ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Individual

In this study we carried out experiments with soil samples originated from the Haschberg variety elderberry orchard and wild-growing plants from Szigetcsép Experimental Farm. During the examinations we wanted to know how the black polyethene foliar soil coverage influences the quality of soil and the distribution of different nitrogen forms. We studied the individual covered (foliar soil coverage for every plant), the full covered (foliar soil coverage was laid in the rows) and the uncovered threatments. During the experiments we pointed out that the foliar coverage influences the condition of the soil unfavourably. Because of the coverage there is less air flow in soils, the lack of oxygen leads to degradating of soil life and results humus materials of poor quality.

The Use of Manure on Smallholders' Farms in Semi-Arid Eastern Kenya

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Probert ◽  
J. R. Okalebo ◽  
R. K. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Current Practice ◽  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Scarce Resource ◽  
Subsistence Farming ◽  
Important Resource ◽  
Semi Arid

SummaryThe manure that is returned to croplands each year is an important resource in the subsistence farming systems of eastern Kenya. Measurements on several farms have shown that the manure being used is of very poor quality. Analyses of soil samples from beneath the bomas (small enclosures) where animals are kept indicate that substantial losses of nutrients occur through leaching; ammonia volatilization and denitrification may also be involved. Current practice is to apply the manure at rates that appear to make poor use of this scarce resource. The findings are discussed in terms of what changes to the system may be feasible to reduce losses of nutrients, and to improve the quality of the manure and the effectiveness of its use.

scholarly journals Schizophrenia

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
D Swingler
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Major Mental Disorder ◽  
The Individual

<div style="left: 70.8662px; top: 324.72px; font-size: 15.45px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00514);" data-canvas-width="420.714">Schizophrenia is a major mental disorder that imposes a significant</div><div style="left: 70.8662px; top: 344.72px; font-size: 15.45px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.959387);" data-canvas-width="320.27549999999985">burden on the individual including poor quality of life</div><div style="left: 391.115px; top: 345.947px; font-size: 9.00733px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.974443);" data-canvas-width="10.231649999999998">[1]</div><div style="left: 401.346px; top: 344.72px; font-size: 15.45px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.956892);" data-canvas-width="88.2135">and increased</div><div style="left: 70.8662px; top: 364.72px; font-size: 15.45px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.984345);" data-canvas-width="59.98349999999999">morbidity</div><div style="left: 130.85px; top: 365.947px; font-size: 9.00733px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.974443);" data-canvas-width="10.231649999999998">[2]</div><div style="left: 141.082px; top: 364.72px; font-size: 15.45px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04823);" data-canvas-width="95.32349999999998">and mortality;</div><div style="left: 236.409px; top: 365.947px; font-size: 9.00733px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.974443);" data-canvas-width="10.231649999999998">[3]</div><div style="left: 246.641px; top: 364.72px; font-size: 15.45px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04289);" data-canvas-width="246.4904999999999">it disrupts interpersonal relationships</div><div style="left: 70.8662px; top: 384.72px; font-size: 15.45px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.992643);" data-canvas-width="415.7519999999999">and family structures, and has significant economic costs to society.</div>

scholarly journals Impact of Small-Scale Mining Activities on Physicochemical Properties of Soils in Dunkwa East Municipality of Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Paul K. Essandoh ◽  
Mohammed Takase ◽  
Isaac Mbir Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Fallow Period ◽  
Physicochemical Properties Of Soils

The quality of soils in rehabilitated small-scale mined sites needs thorough investigation since a lot of changes do occur. The study assessed the impacts of small-scale mining activities on concentration and distribution of soil physicochemical properties and heavy metals. The soil samples were collected from 120 (50 m × 50 m) plots. The concentrations of soil physicochemical properties (Ca, Mg, Na, N, P, K, and OC and EC) varied significantly ( p  < 0.05) between unmined and mined soils. However, there were no statistically, significant differences ( p  < 0.05) observed in the concentrations of Cd, Hg, Pb, As, and Cu between the unmined and mined soils. Despite the generally poor (33.8%) soil quality in the study area, mining activities further reduced it by 24.2%. Soils from mined sites with unfilled/partially filled pits had higher levels of K, Mg, and Na. As mined sites fallow period increased, concentrations of OC and Cd increased, while Ca, Mg, pH, Cu, Pb, and As and value of EC decreased. The number of years that mined land remained fallow, and whether the pits were filled or unfilled during this period should be factored into the mined land rehabilitation processes.

scholarly journals Quality of individual and group level interventions for first-episode psychosis at the tertiary psychiatric hospital in Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel K. Mwesiga ◽  
Noeline Nakasujja ◽  
Lawrence Nankaba ◽  
Juliet Nakku ◽  
Seggane Musisi
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Group Interventions ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
The Individual

Background: Individual and group level interventions have the largest effect on outcomes in patients with the first episode of psychosis. The quality of these individual and group level interventions provided to first-episode psychosis patients in Uganda is unclear.Aim: To determine the quality of the individual and group level interventions provided to first episode psychosis patients in UgandaSetting: The study was performed at the only tertiary psychiatric hospital in Uganda.Methods: A retrospective chart review of recently discharged adult in-patients with the first episode of psychosis was performed. The proportion of participants who received different essential components for individual and group level interventions were calculated. From the different proportions, the quality of the services across the individual and group interventions was determined using the first-episode psychosis services fidelity scale (FEPS-FS). The FEPS-FS assigns a grade of 1–5 on a Likert scale depending on the proportion of patients who received the different components of the intervention. Twelve essential components across the individual and group interventions were assessed and their quality quantified.Results: The final sample included 156 first-episode psychosis patients. The median age was 27 years (inter-quartile range [IQR] [24–36]) and 55% of the participants were female. All 12 essential components had poor quality with the range of scores on the FEPS-FS between one and three. Only one essential component assessed (use of single antipsychotics) had moderate quality.Conclusion: Amongst current services at the Butabika National Referral Mental Hospital in Uganda, the essential components for individual and group level interventions for psychotic disorders are of poor quality. Further studies are required on how the quality of these interventions can be improved.

scholarly journals Water and Soil Quality of Coffee Plantations in the Western Ghats Region, Chikkamagaluru District, Karnataka, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-514
Author(s):  
Lingayya Raghavendra ◽  
Melally Giddegowda Venkatesha
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
The Western Ghats

To assess water and soil quality in the Western Ghats' coffee plantations, 66 water and 224 soil samples were collected at four locations for estimation 20 parameters in water and 16 parameters in soil samples. Principal component analysis as applied to a set of chemical data obtained by the laboratory analysis of water and soil. Study locations represented arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) plantations around 50 km2 from Chikkamagaluru town. PCA showed the interrelationship of water and soil parameters for four sampling locations. The clustering of sampling location results was due to the consequence and concentration of water and soil variables. The principal component bi-plot of phosphorous, conductivity, hardness, total dissolved solids, sulphate, magnesium, and alkalinity determined water quality factors. Heavy metals, nitrogen, and total phosphorous greatly influenced the quality of soil samples at different locations.

What Role Do Industrial Gases Play in the Quality of Thermal Spraying

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kroemmer ◽  
P. Heinrich
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Spraying ◽  
Technical Level ◽  
Know How ◽  
Industrial Gases ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Storage

Abstract The high technical level of thermal spraying is based on four segments: available know-how, equipment and installations, spray materials, and industrial gases. This article discusses the application of industrial gases used in thermal spraying. It describes the processes involved in the production, provision, and storage of industrial gases as well as their properties. In addition, the article also discusses the influence of quality on the individual fuel gases used in thermal spraying.

scholarly journals Customizing Methodological Approaches in Qualitative Research on Vulnerable Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Societies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernille Skovbo Rasmussen ◽  
Anne Katrine Pagsberg
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Vulnerable Children ◽  
Children’S Perspectives ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The Individual

Children with autism spectrum disorders often suffer from poor school inclusion, loneliness, and poor quality of life. Suitable support options for overcoming these risks are lacking, partly because children’s perspectives concerning their support needs are unknown. We need to improve the involvement of children in social research. However, involving children with autism in research is not always simple, and there is scant literature on qualitative methods for addressing challenges related to involving children with unique characteristics such as autism. Children with autism may lack mimetic expressions to reflect their feelings, and they may answer questions very briefly despite having a nuanced perspective on the issue addressed, thus leaving the researcher with few indicators to act upon. Consequently, it can be difficult for the researcher to “read” the child, assess ethical important moments, and adapt the methodology to the individual child. Based on a qualitative study of 22 children with autism in the capital region of Denmark, this article offers reflections on methodological and practical challenges in involving children with autism in research. Matching expectations between researcher and child, staying open to communication forms, and posing precise questions are shown to be important to have insight into the children’s perspectives.

110. The Influence of High Environmental Temperature on the Secretion and Composition of Milk. A Preliminary Note

1935 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Preliminary Note ◽  
Established Fact ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
The Individual

It is a well-established fact that during the summer months, particularly July and August, the chemical quality of milk tends to be poor. The samephenomenon has been reported in Germany (i) and in the United States of America(2, 3). The individual factor or factors responsible have not been thoroughly established, although the work of Ragsdale and Turner (4) andHays (5) shows clearly that the fat content of milk tends to be reduced as the environmental temperature increases. The extent of the summer depression in milk quality in this country is much greater during hot dry summers. Cranfield(6) and Golding et al. (7) found exceptionally poor-quality milk during the summers of 1929 and 1933 respectively. In both these years most cows were subjected to a higher temperature than usual and also to a variety of other unusual factors such as the changes in nutrition occasioned by dried-up pastures. The work reported here was planned in order to throw some light on the influence of temperature, and whether it may be considered solely responsible for low-quality summer milk or whether other factors such as nutritional ones may be partially responsible.

scholarly journals A Simple Method to Handle Non-response Bias in School Surveys on Drug Use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Legleye ◽  
François Beck ◽  
Stanislas Spilka
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Point Estimates ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs ◽  
Weighting Procedures ◽  
School Surveys

Abstract Background: Studies have proved the positive link between truancy and substances use in school surveys. In spite of this, no adapted weighting treatment is generally provided; even when the share of missing and truant pupils is high, and all drug use estimates are biased downward. The necessary data can be collected: on one side, individual current drug use and past episodes of absence and truancy of the respondents; on the other, the count of the presents and absents the day of the survey, including truants, in each class. However, the nature of these data prevents any classical modelling of the survey response without additional assumptions. Methods: We review one method proposed in 2002 by Guttmacher and al. that uses only the individual data and propose two methods that combine both kind of data and in which we can distinguish or not between truancy and legitimate absence. We apply them to the French release of the 2015 Espad survey (European survey project on alcohol and other drugs). The theoretical number of pupils was n=7166; 981 were absent (including 359 truants), while 178 were discarded because of the poor quality of their questionnaires and 6007 were considered final respondents. Assumptions, point estimates and variances are compared. Results: Guttmacher’ method is not conceptually valid and can lead to irrelevant corrections with high variances. Our estimate of cannabis regular use is 8.6% (std=0.75) instead of 7.7% (std=0.67), that is a non-response bias of circa 14%. Conclusion: The proposed approach relies on simple and plausible assumptions; it is preferable to any speculative consideration about the magnitude of the underestimation yielded by the classical weighting procedures. Survey designers should evaluate and discuss the potential bias of their surveys and eventually correct it.

scholarly journals Using quality educational approaches to implement new skills

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojan Macuh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Know How ◽  
Age Limit ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Primary Socialization ◽  
Management Staff ◽  
Brighter Future

Everyone is involved into the process of education, but the approachesand methods of each individual depend on the nature of their work,needs, capabilities and abilities. The primary socialization has an influenceon how much of skills and knowledge we bring into further lifewhich we then continuously upgrade and update.I will carry out a survey using the survey method and statistical processingof the data collected within the management staff from educationalorganizations.New knowledge to the individual can also be provided throughDelores’ four pillars of education:- Learn to know.- Learn to be able to know.- Learn to know how to live in the community and among others.- Learning to be.We educate ourselves all our live. Depending on our own skills, abilities,support of primary and secondary environmental interdependence,of financial ability, will, Elan and needs to upgrade its ownknowledge, as well as those that occur in the workplace. LifelongLearning knows no age limit, not industries, is still only an aspirationto something new, different. The society, based on Lifelong learning,can provide a brighter future and better quality of life.

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