scholarly journals Customizing Methodological Approaches in Qualitative Research on Vulnerable Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Societies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernille Skovbo Rasmussen ◽  
Anne Katrine Pagsberg
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Vulnerable Children ◽  
Children’S Perspectives ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The Individual

Children with autism spectrum disorders often suffer from poor school inclusion, loneliness, and poor quality of life. Suitable support options for overcoming these risks are lacking, partly because children’s perspectives concerning their support needs are unknown. We need to improve the involvement of children in social research. However, involving children with autism in research is not always simple, and there is scant literature on qualitative methods for addressing challenges related to involving children with unique characteristics such as autism. Children with autism may lack mimetic expressions to reflect their feelings, and they may answer questions very briefly despite having a nuanced perspective on the issue addressed, thus leaving the researcher with few indicators to act upon. Consequently, it can be difficult for the researcher to “read” the child, assess ethical important moments, and adapt the methodology to the individual child. Based on a qualitative study of 22 children with autism in the capital region of Denmark, this article offers reflections on methodological and practical challenges in involving children with autism in research. Matching expectations between researcher and child, staying open to communication forms, and posing precise questions are shown to be important to have insight into the children’s perspectives.

scholarly journals Tactile Processing and Quality of Sleep in Autism Spectrum Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Dominika Jamioł-Milc ◽  
Mirosława Bloch ◽  
Magdalena Liput ◽  
Laura Stachowska ◽  
Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) commonly experience problems with the processing of tactile stimuli and poor quality of sleep. The aim of the present study was to analyze whether tactile stimuli modulation (TSM) disorders might be linked to insomnia prevalence in ASD individuals. We hypothesized that sleep disorders in children with ASD may result from improper tactile under/over responsivity. The study included 27 children diagnosed with ASD, aged 6.8 (±2.9 years) with male dominance (n = 22, 81.5%). To evaluate the pattern of TSM we used a clinical interview with a parent, and guided and spontaneous observation of the patients. Sleep disorders were diagnosed using the Athens Insomnia Scale. Of all the children diagnosed with TSM, 20 patients (74.1%) had an over-responsivity pattern and 7 children (25.9%) had an under-responsivity pattern. Of the patients, 11 children (40.7%) met the diagnostic criteria for insomnia. The data indicated a statistical tendency for higher prevalence of insomnia in individuals diagnosed with tactile under-responsivity (p = 0.051). We concluded that under-responsivity toward tactile stimuli may be partly responsible for poor sleep quality in ASD. There is an urgent need to treat sleep and sensory disruptions which may intensify behavioral difficulties in ASD.

scholarly journals Application of climbing in adaptive physical education of children with autism spectrum disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
O.V. Musiyenko ◽  
N.B. Kizlo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Rock Climbing ◽  
Adaptive Physical Education ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

<p>The purpose of this work was to determine the effect of rock climbing as a means of adaptive physical education on behavior, emotional state, coordination of movements and quality of life of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Material and methods: Five children aged 8-9 with ASD participated in the experiment. All children who were involved in rock climbing had the same name. low-function autism (disability of subgroup A). They did not speak, they could neither read nor write, had problematic behavior, stereotyped movements, a large number of inappropriate movements, impaired coordination of movements, aggression and autoaggression. The children attended classes on rock climbing 2 times a week for 40 minutes. on a rock climbing bridge in Lviv from September 1, 2017 to June 30, 2018. Classes were individual. Each of them started with warm-up (5 minutes), in the main part of the children were taught Bouldering (10 min.) And worked on high tracks up to 14 m (25 min.). Prior to the beginning of classes (August 2017), parents' questionnaires were conducted concerning the psychophysical status of children who were included in the experiment. The questionnaire was filled up by parents every three months during the experiment, which led to changes in the psychophysical state of their children. Results: Based on the results of an expert assessment of the psychophysical condition of children with RAS attending climbing classes, it can be argued that, against the backdrop of growth in the results of the skills of movements, the logic of passing the distance, the speed of solving motor tasks, a significant increase in positive emotions, there is a significant decrease in problem behavior. Climbing activities contribute to a significant increase in the quality of life of both children from the ASD and their parents. The results of the influence of the duration of classes on the components of the behavior of the children under study by multidimensional dispersion analysis showed a significant impact on the duration of occupations on various components of child behavior (p &lt;0.001). Conclusions The obtained results testify to the high efficiency of the use of rock climbing as a means of socialization of children with autism. Climbing is a powerful sensory stimulus for children with PAC. It is possible to recommend individual climbing exercises for children with ASD as an effective means of adaptive physical education.</p>

Sense of Coherence and Quality of Life in Caregivers of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (4_Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 7011505117p1
Author(s):  
Maureen Russell ◽  
Carol Baldwin ◽  
Stuart Quan ◽  
Darya McClain ◽  
Christopher Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals The Application of AI as Reinforcement in the Intervention for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Jing SHI
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Applied Behavior Analysis ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a neuro-developmental disorder. There is a tremendous variability in individuals with ASD; however, it is mainly characterized by social behavioral deficits. Across the globe, the prevalence of ASD is fairly consistent and the most current estimates are 1 in 59. There is no biological cure for people with ASD and intervention is widely accepted as the only solution for them to improve the quality of their lives. Among all the treatments, Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) has more quantity of evidence than other methods and it has more studies with the strongest levels of evidence. Using reinforcement is a vital and indispensable part of ABA. Many researches reveal that children with ASD are more likely to become interested in robots or other forms of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and in fact AI is used in the intervention for children with ASD. The application of AI has been proven to be feasible and effective in the interventions. This essay aims at analyzing the effects of the application of AI as reinforcement in ABA and providing suggestions for application of AI in other aspects of ABA intervention. Hopefully this essay will be suggestive for the future application of AI in terms of assisting the intervention for children with ASD in order to reduce the workload and cost.

scholarly journals Preference-Based Health-Related Quality-of-Life Outcomes in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 661-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mick Tilford ◽  
Nalin Payakachat ◽  
Erica Kovacs ◽  
Jeffrey M. Pyne ◽  
Werner Brouwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Spectrum Disorders
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