scholarly journals Powdery mildew infection dependent on weather factors in vineyards near Keszthely in 2008

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Taksony ◽  
E. Tarczal ◽  
K. Maráczi ◽  
I. J. Holb ◽  
L. Kocsis
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Powdery Mildew Infection

Weather conditions are extremely influential on grapevine productivity and quality. High temperature and humidity makes favorable conditions for powdery mildew infection respectively. The meteorological data around Keszthely, Hungary show the vegetative period is dryer and warmer than it was closely hundred years ago. We examined the development of powdery mildew infection  on  two variet ies Vitis vinifera L. cv Italian Riesling and cv Merlot in relation with meteorological data. No primer infections were appeared in the vineyard. The year of 2008 was quite ideal for the accumulation of Erysiphe necator in the experimental vineyard. Although the dry summer can lower the infection, but if the high temperature is coupling with rainfall, the possibilities of powdery mildew infection is going to grow higher during the upcoming years.

Effect of weather factors on the release of ascospores of Uncinula necator, the cause of grape powdery mildew, in the Bordeaux region

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 1044-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Jailloux ◽  
L Willocquet ◽  
L Chapuis ◽  
G Froidefond
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Uncinula Necator ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Ascospore Release

During a 5-year period (1993-1997), the release of Uncinula necator (Schweiniz) Burrill ascospores was monitored under natural conditions in the Bordeaux region. Ascospore release always began after bud burst and generally ended before blossoming. The release periods of ascospores were always associated with a rainfall higher than 2 mm, a wetting duration greater than 2.5 h, an average temperature generally above 11°C and a daily mean temperature sum from November 1 to the first ascospore release above 1100°C. There was no relation between earliness, number of ascospores released, and disease severity on grapes (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Merlot). The primary infection did not appear to be important for the increase of the powdery mildew population; on the other hand, the weather conditions of April (rainfall and temperature) seemed to strongly influence disease severity on berries by enabling good growth of the pathogen on leaves. These findings could be used to determine the optimal dates of the first fungicide treatments for powdery mildew according to the weather conditions.Key words: cleistothecia, ascospores, release, weather conditions, powdery mildew, Uncinula necator, grapevine.

Changes in protein abundance during powdery mildew infection of leaf tissues of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)

PROTEOMICS ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2057-2064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Marsh ◽  
Sophie Alvarez ◽  
Leslie M. Hicks ◽  
W. Brad Barbazuk ◽  
Wenping Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Protein Abundance ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Powdery Mildew Infection

The Effect of Downy and Powdery Mildew on Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Leaf Gas Exchange

2005 ◽  
Vol 153 (6) ◽  
pp. 350-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moriondo ◽  
S. Orlandini ◽  
A. Giuntoli ◽  
M. Bindi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L

scholarly journals Preventive Control of Powdery Mildew Disease of Mango

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
K.P. Akhtar ◽  
I.A. Khan ◽  
M.R. Kazmi ◽  
R.I. Hassan ◽  
B. Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Preventive Control ◽  
Airborne Conidia ◽  
Powdery Mildew Disease ◽  
Favorable Weather

Oidium mangiferae Berthet was found to be associated With the powdery mildew disease of mango. The air- borne conidia are released from the old tissue harboring the dormant fungal hyphae under favorable weather conditions, which produce the disease. Proper forecasting of release of airborne innoculum significantly reduced the required number of sprays needed for chemical control. Spore traps were used to monitor the concentration of airborne conidia during the months of February, March and April 1996 and l997. Daily temperature and relative humidity were noted and the spore counts from the spore traps were correlated to the meteorological data. There was a positive trend between rising temperature, lowering relative humidity and number of spores in the air alter a low temperature, high humidity and cloudy spell of weather. The maximum spore occurrences were noted around 25°C and relative humidity of 40-60%. It took 5-8 days for the emergence of disease symptoms after the first detection of airborne conidia. Ten fungicides were tested on three mango varieties (Langra, Dashehari, and Anwar Retol). The preventive sprays at the stage of first detection of air born conidia were effective in controlling the disease. Optimal timing of two sprays of fungicide were sufficient to provide preventive control (>90%). The susceptibility of inflorescence varied with its developmental stage. Proper forecasting reduced the number of sprays from 7 to 2 or 3. There was no varietal difference in incidence of the disease or response to fungicide applications. During the course of this study, we identified seedling plants which consistently showed resistance to powdery mildew.

scholarly journals Seasonal differences in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot noir fruit and wine quality in relation to climate

OENO One ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magali Blank ◽  
Marco Hofmann ◽  
Manfred Stoll
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pinot Noir ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
The Impact

Aims: A better understanding of the relationship between weather conditions and wine quality would provide tools for assessing the impact of climate change and the potential for adaptation. Most studies rely on assessing wine quality by the price per bottle or by an overall ranking and then establishing general relations to weather conditions. However, such an approach may imply the addition of bias by variable winemaking techniques overcoming vintage effects. The aim of our study was therefore to implement a controlled conditions approach using grape samples from a single vineyard and a standardized micro-scale winemaking technique to produce wines in similar conditions for each vintage over more than a decade. We hope that this data will allow new insights into responses to climatic differences.Methods and results: From 2005 to 2015, data was collected from a vineyard of Hochschule Geisenheim University planted with Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot Noir grafted on rootstock SO4 in four field replicates. Weather conditions were recorded together with the major phenological stages, yield, infection of the bunches by Botrytis cinerea bunch rot, and pruning weight. Key primary juice compounds were analyzed and berry phenolics in skins and seeds were determined before harvest. Micro-scale winemaking was developed to produce wines in standardized conditions. The repeatability of the method to assess the extraction of anthocyanins and tannins was shown to be 2–10% and 8–12%, respectively, depending on grape maturity stage. Sugar accumulation was coupled to warmer conditions during the maturation period, and high temperatures after véraison decreased the concentration of malic acid in the juice. The accumulation of primary amino acids (N-OPA) in the juices seemed positively related to warmer conditions between bud break and flowering. Increased temperature, especially before véraison, accompanied by a lack of precipitation was related to an accumulation of tannins in fruit and wine, with a higher accumulation in skins than seeds. The temperature-sensitive anthocyanin accumulation in grapes was coupled to warmer conditions after véraison. These differences in anthocyanin concentration could also be observed in the wine.Conclusions: High-quality vintages were linked to warmer than normal growing seasons and below normal precipitation.Significance and impact of the study: The use of a micro-scale winemaking technique represents an innovative tool to provide detailed information in a controlled and reproducible way. A better understanding of the interaction between weather conditions and berry/wine compounds will help with developing improved winemaking techniques and better adapting to future impacts of climate change.

BotRisk: simulating the annual bunch rot risk on grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Riesling) based on meteorological data

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1571-1582
Author(s):  
Daniel Molitor ◽  
Ottmar Baus ◽  
Yoanne Didry ◽  
Jürgen Junk ◽  
Lucien Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Bunch Rot

Release, germination, and pathogenicity of ascospores of Uncinula necator under controlled conditions

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 777-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Jailloux ◽  
T Thind ◽  
M Clerjeau
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Uncinula Necator ◽  
Grapevine Powdery Mildew ◽  
Germination Ability ◽  
Ascospore Release ◽  
Probable Role ◽  
Leaf Disks

A laboratory technique was standardized for studying the release, maturation, germination, and pathogenicity of ascospores of Uncinula necator (Schw.) Burr. Surface disinfestation and wetting of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) leaf disks bearing cleistothecia collected in the vineyard before incubation in a humid chamber for 48 h at 20°C were found essential for obtaining the release of ascospores (8 ascospores/cm2). Storage conditions involving periodic wetting treatments of cleistothecia at 5°C during 110 days were necessary to induce both ascospore release (80 ascospores/cm2) and germination ability (62%). The matured ascospores were pathogenic on healthy leaf disks at 20°C indicating their probable role as a primary inoculum source. This technique can be helpful in studying the inheritance of characteristics such as pathogenicity and fungicidal resistance.Key words: cleistothecia, ascospores, maturation, germination, pathogenicity, Uncinula necator, grapevine, powdery mildew.

Vitis Species from the Southwestern United States Vary in Their Susceptibility to Powdery Mildew

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. PDIS-10-20-2103
Author(s):  
Laila Fayyaz ◽  
Alan Tenscher ◽  
Andy Viet Nguyen ◽  
Huma Qazi ◽  
M. Andrew Walker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Southwestern United States ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Vitis Species ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Eastern Species

The European grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) has been cultivated in North America for about 500 years. One of the major limitations to its culture is the powdery mildew (PM) fungus, Erysiphe necator Schw. This study reports on the most extensive screening of Vitis species from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico for resistance to PM, testing 147 accessions of 13 Vitis species. In addition, Vitis vinifera cv. Carignane, a highly susceptible wine grape cultivar, was used as a reference to evaluate the effect of the inoculum 14 days postinoculation. Inoculation was done with a vacuum-operated settling tower using a broadly virulent isolate of E. necator, the C-strain. Resistant accessions (nine), moderately susceptible accessions (39), and highly susceptible accessions (99) were detected. The resistant accessions were then inoculated with an additional fungal isolate, e1-101, and they retained their resistance. Vitis species susceptibility was not associated with a North-South gradation, but Western species were more susceptible than Midwestern and Eastern species. All five of the V. monticola accessions were susceptible, as were the accessions of V. treleasei. The species V. acerifolia, V. candicans, V. cinerea, and V. × doaniana had significantly more resistant to moderately susceptible accessions compared with V. arizonica, V. berlandieri, V. californica, V. × champinii, V. girdiana, V. riparia, and V. rupestris, which had relatively more susceptible accessions than the other species. This research identified new sources of PM resistance in Vitis from the southwestern United States that could be incorporated into PM resistance breeding programs throughout the world.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document