scholarly journals THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COGNITIVE DOMAINS IN EMERGENCIES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusi Marinov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Time Reading ◽  
Algorithmic Approaches ◽  
Information Domain ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Role Of Information

This report discusses the role of information domain and cognitive technologies in emergency management in the context of the global pandemic problems, which is also caused by a lack of leader’s capacity, knowledge transfer, lack of major investments in the security and health systems. Global emergency response plans should be based on the “artificial” reality of our planetary condition and used as a starting point for planning. Innovative companies are trying to take advantage of cognitive technologies to automate processes to solve a wide range of problems that require specific knowledge. The main aspects of knowledge are related to the so-called „P” categories (Perceive, Perception, Predict) of our critical environment and data input to such systems coming from sensors and smart elements. The new model for effective reactions in crisis refers to cognitive technologies, which, if available use an aesthetic language, generate unstructured texts, process information, used sensors for data in real-time, reading signals, access to “smart objects” and other algorithmic approaches for searching of solutions in extreme situations. The cognitive technologies used during contingency planning is oriented towards the further development of AI in order to improve the performance of machines in terms of intuition, sensitivity, emotions, and other factors that enhance the planning and decision-making tasks.

scholarly journals Contemporary Innovation Challenges – Future of Adoption Artificial Intelligence: Case of Estonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 217-225
Author(s):  
Valeria Gavrilova ◽  
Natalie Aleksandra Gurvitsh-Suits
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Further Development

Nowadays artificial intelligence is gaining popularity and brings changes into everyday lives and business. Latest research outline various options and challenges related to the implementation of artificial intelligence in different fields (Garbuio&Lin, 2019; Kumar et.al, 2019; Tambe et.al 2019). It is obvious that its adoption will have a notable significant impact on certain industries. However, it also requires complete understanding and awareness of main constraints and benefits. The aim of the present research is to find out the possibilities of adoption of the artificial intelligence in accounting industry in case of Estonia and its impact on the role of the accountant in the future. The main research question focuses on whether Estonian accountants are aware of the new opportunities related to the implementation of artificial intelligence and their openness to these challenges. Authors conducted a survey among Estonian accounting professionals and the results revealed limited knowledge, with people being aware of the meaning but having little or no idea about the basic components of artificial intelligence and wide range of a potential application. During the research, it became obvious that only few companies in Estonia are already using artificial intelligence: among the main reasons of non-adoption are lack of experience, lack of qualified professionals and the general complexity. Authors believe that the results of this study provide a starting point for companies involved in providing various modern technical support for accounting industry and may contribute to the raising awareness and further development of active successful adoption of artificial intelligence in Estonia.

scholarly journals Further refinement of the Corbelling Theory for the equilibrium analysis of corbelled domes

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Aguinaldo Fraddosio ◽  
Nicola Lepore ◽  
Mario Daniele Piccioni
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Equilibrium Analysis ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Structural Behavior ◽  
Thick Shell ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Load Conditions

Abstract The aim of this paper is to present a further development of the Corbelling Theory [1] for assessing the structural safety of “false domes” constructions like Trulli, and more generally for corbelled domes. In particular, it is well-known that a corbelled dome of a Trullo is a layered thick shell and that only the thin inner layer (candela) has a structural role. The proposed procedure extends the capabilities of the approach proposed in [2] to more general load conditions, including the infill. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is discussed through the analysis of a paradigmatic case study of a Trullo located in Alberobello. Since the geometry of the construction plays a fundamental role in the structural behavior, the starting point of the analysis was an accurate 3D-laser scanner survey of the dome. The obtained results give some interesting insights about the role of the infill load on the equilibrium of such kind of corbelled domes.

scholarly journals Aware Migrants: The role of information campaigns in the management of migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 629-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Musarò
Keyword(s):  
Specific Information ◽  
Information Campaign ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Role Of Information

Taking as a starting point studies on the biopolitics of bordering, as well as media studies, this article explores how information campaigns deter potential migrants and refugees from leaving their countries depict them in very specific ways, operating as ‘new bordering practices’ that are in conjunction with extraterritorial border policies. This article probes this question through the example of a specific information campaign – Aware Migrants (2016) – funded by the Italian Government and managed by International Organization for Migration (IOM) to dissuade potential newcomers from attempting the journey across the Mediterranean Sea. As the analysis of Aware Migrants makes clear, it contributes to normalizing a transnational imaginary into a militarized borderscape comprising places of violence and death, exploitation and detention, which is part of the complex dichotomies of care and control, proper of contemporary border regimes. Finally, the article sheds light on how these symbolic bordering practices contribute to nurturing a ‘compassionate repression’ that increasingly and silently legitimizes the difference between the ‘us’ (the figure of the citizen) and the ‘them’ (the figure of the foreigner).

scholarly journals Religion in the Age of Social Distancing: How COVID-19 Presents New Directions for Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph O Baker ◽  
Gerardo Martí ◽  
Ruth Braunstein ◽  
Andrew L Whitehead ◽  
Grace Yukich
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Historical Moment

Abstract In this brief note written during a global pandemic, we consider some of the important ways this historical moment is altering the religious landscape, aiming our investigative lens at how religious institutions, congregations, and individuals are affected by the social changes produced by COVID-19. This unprecedented time prompts scholars of religion to reflect on how to strategically approach the study of religion in the time of “social distancing,” as well as moving forward. Particularly important considerations include developing heuristic, innovative approaches for revealing ongoing changes to religion, as well as how religion continues to structure social life across a wide range of contexts, from the most intimate and personal to the most public and global. Although our note can only be indicative rather than exhaustive, we do suggest that the initial groundwork for reconsiderations might productively focus on several key analytical themes, including: Epidemiology, Ideology, Religious Practice, Religious Organizations and Institutions, as well as Epistemology and Methodology. In offering these considerations as a starting point, we remain aware (and hopeful) that inventive and unanticipated approaches will also emerge.

scholarly journals Information is provisional

Kybernetes ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-910
Author(s):  
David Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Powerful Means ◽  
Communications Theory ◽  
Nature Of Information ◽  
Specific Finding ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Role Of Information ◽  
New Framework

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to a transdisciplinary understanding of the nature of information. Design/methodology/approach – The work draws from previous work done on information in several disciplines and contexts, and proposes a new framework for describing and understanding information. It applies the framework to several different situations involving information, explores the insights revealed by the use of the framework and discusses some of the implications. Findings – Information is usefully described as a situated event that extracts or generates meaning, with the distinction between extracting or generating meaning corresponding to the distinction between semantic and environmental information. A diagrammatic convention based on communications theory and making use of hierarchies of levels is found to provide a powerful means of conveying many of the aspects of the nature of information, and of understanding the role of information in a wide range of applications. An additional specific finding of the work is that information is inherently provisional. Originality/value – The diagrammatic framework is a new way of presenting, describing and understanding information, and the suggestion that information is inherently provisional is believed to be new.

РАЗВИТИЕ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В КЫРГЫЗСТАНЕ

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-157
Author(s):  
Гульжан Назарматова ◽  
Мээрим Жанакунова
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Role Of Information

Аннотация: В данной статье рассматривается роль информационных технологий в социальной, экономической и политической и других сферах жизнедеятельности Кыргызстана. Раскрываются понятия “информационные технологии”, “информационное общество”, “цифровая трансформация”. Приводятся основные направления применения информационных технологий в сфере образования страны, описываются условия для их дальнейшего развития. Анализируется сущность понятия информационного общества, перспективы развития Кыргызстана и безопасности информационного общества. Сформулированы основные проблемы развития информационных технологий, что неизменно отражается на уровне экономического развития страны. Приводятся пути для решения всех этих проблем и продвижения реформ в области внедрения IТ - технологий в стране, необходимых для дальнейшего развития цифрового общества. Ключевые слова: знания, информация, информационные технологии, информационное общество, образовательная система, дистанционное обучение, цифровая трансформация, цифровое общество. Аннотация: Бул макалада маалымат технологиялардын ролу Кыргызстандын коомдук, экономикалык жана саясий турмуш чөйрөлөрүндө изилденилет. "Маалыматтык технологиялар", "маалыматтык коом" "санариптик трансформациялоо" түшүнүктөрү аныкталынат. Билим берүү тармагындагы маалымат технологияларын пайдалануунун негизги багыттары айтылат жана алардын андан ары өнүктүрүү үчүн шарттарды каралат. Маалымат коом түшүнүгүн, Кыргызстандын келечектеги өнүгүүсүнүн жана маалымат коомдун коопсуздугунун анализдөөсү жүргүзүлөт. Маалымат технологиялардын өнүгүүсүнүн негизги маселелери айтылат, алар өлкөнүн экономикалык өнүгүү деңгээлине таасирин тийгизишет. Бул маселелерди чечүү жана өлкөдөгү маалымат технологияларынын өнүгүшү үчүн реформаларын киргизүү жолдору каралат, анткени алар санариптик коомдун өнүгүшү зарыл. Түйүндүү сөздөр: илим, маалымат, маалымат технологиялары, маалымат коому, билим берүү системасы, аралыктан окутуу, санариптик трансформациялоо, санариптик коом. Abstract: This article discusses the role of information technology in the social, economic and political and other spheres of life of Kyrgyzstan. The concepts of “information technology”, “information society”, “digital transformation” are revealed. The main directions of the application of information technologies in the field of education of the country are described, the conditions for their further development are described. The essence of the concept of the information society, the prospects for the development of Kyrgyzstan and the security of the information society are analyzed. The main problems of the development of information technologies are formulated, which invariably affects the level of economic development of the country. Ways are given to solve all these problems and promote reforms in the implementation of IT technologies in the country, necessary for the further development of a digital society Keywords: knowledge, information, information technology, information society, educational system, distance learning, digital transformation, digital society.

Language-Action Perspective (LAP)

2010 ◽  
pp. 113-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthikeyan Umapathy
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Web Services ◽  
Web Service ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Close Match ◽  
Business Goals ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Role Of Information ◽  
Communicative Theories

The Language-action perspective (LAP) provides an alternative foundation for analyzing and designing effective information systems. The fundamental principle of the LAP approach is people perform actions through communication; therefore, the role of information systems is to support such communications among people to achieve business goals. Basing on linguistic and communicative theories, the LAP approach provides guidance for researchers to gain understanding on how people use communication to coordinate their activities to achieve common goal. Web services, a leading technology to develop information systems, aims to support communication among services to achieve business goals. The close match between fundamental principles of Web services and the LAP approach suggests that researchers can use the LAP approach as a theoretical guidance to analyze and resolve Web service problems. This chapter provides a comprehensive starting point for researchers, practitioners, and students to gain understanding of the LAP approach.

A new research method to test auditory preferences in young listeners: Results from a consonance versus dissonance perception study

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 699-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Di Stefano ◽  
Valentina Focaroli ◽  
Alessandro Giuliani ◽  
Domenico Formica ◽  
Fabrizio Taffoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Perception And Action ◽  
Mutual Interaction ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Sound Emission ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Research ◽  
Further Development

To date, behavioural procedures adopted to assess sound preferences in young children have evaluated the responses of participants while listening to the stimuli administered by the experimenter. Due to the difficulties which may arise in the interpretation of the results, recent studies have suggested some limitations to these procedures, stimulating the further development of behavioural methods. Here, we introduce a new method for testing sound preferences in children, in which participants actively produce the stimuli during the experimental session. The apparatus consists of a musical lever which emits different sounds depending on its rotation around a hinge. The device was programmed to emit consonant and dissonant harmonic intervals. The procedure has been tested with 22 participants from 19 to 40 months of age. Results show that: (a) sound emission strongly stimulates toy manipulation; (b) the examined participants distinguished the two types of sounds, showing a preference for producing consonant over dissonant stimuli. This method could be used to study a wide range of sound qualities in young listeners, such as rhythm or pitch. Grounded in the mutual interaction between perception and action, this procedure is in line with recent research highlighting the role of embodiment in the perception of music.

Sympathy for the Devil: The Puzzle of Imaginative Resistance, the Role of Fiction in Moral Thought, and the Limits of the Imagination

Philosophy ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Edmund Dain
Keyword(s):  
Moral Thought ◽  
Imaginative Resistance ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Moral Landscape ◽  
The Devil

Abstract What are the limits of the imagination in morality? What role does fiction play in moral thought? My starting point in addressing these questions is Tamar Szabo Gendler's ‘puzzle of imaginative resistance’, the problem of explaining the special difficulties we seem to encounter in imagining to be right what we take to be morally wrong (or vice versa) in fiction, and Gendler's claim that those difficulties are due to our unwillingness to imagine these things, rather than our inability to imagine what is logically or conceptually impossible. Using a wide range of examples, I argue that there is no puzzle of imaginative resistance and that to think that there is such a puzzle is to miss almost entirely the role fiction plays in moral thought. That, however, does not mean that there are no limits to what we can imagine in morality. In fact, I argue, the imagination is limited in morality, as elsewhere, by what is logically or conceptually possible. Together, those claims suggest that fiction and the imagination play a fundamental role in shaping our conception of the moral landscape. The paper concludes by drawing some of the consequences of these views for the nature of moral thought.

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