Proactive Recovery from Rail Disruptions through Provision of Track Crossovers and Bus Bridging

2012 ◽  
Vol 2275 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan Pender ◽  
Graham Currie ◽  
Alexa Delbosc ◽  
Yibing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
Disruption Management ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Rail Line ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
The One ◽  
Bus Services ◽  
Proactive Recovery

This paper explores the importance of providing track crossovers in addressing the issue of replacement bus services in response to unplanned rail service disruptions by using a case study in Melbourne, Australia. Crossovers determine the point from which rail replacement bus services can operate and thus are critical in determining the scale, costs, and benefits of rail disruption management. Despite research evidence that provision for crossovers is important in managing rail disruption, the research literature gives little guidance concerning how it can be achieved and what the relative costs and benefits of providing crossovers are. Theoretical modeling evaluated passenger and operator impacts of alternative crossover plans for a case study of unplanned service disruptions on a suburban rail line in Melbourne. Results showed that an additional crossover reduced user rail disruption costs by 78% to 96%, while bus hire costs were reduced by 63% to 93%. Results suggested that only a few rail disruptions annually would make the provision of track crossovers financially viable on the basis of savings in rail replacement bus service costs. Research found that locating crossovers as close as possible to areas of major disruption provided the most benefits for users and operators. Sensitivity tests showed that even with significantly lower ridership and a lower frequency of disruption, the addition of crossovers was financially positive and generated substantial user benefits. All highlighted results are with respect to the one suburban rail line under analysis. Provision of additional track crossovers appears to be a highly positive means of reducing costs and improving services. However, research indicates that crossovers can cause disruption on some rail systems, and this factor needs to be considered in rail planning.

scholarly journals Public Transit Loyalty Modeling Considering the Effect of Passengers’ Emotional Value: A Case Study in Xiamen, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-chao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Index Score ◽  
The Public ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Bus Services ◽  
Emotional Value

To better sustain passengers’ loyalty towards bus service, this paper addressed the modeling of the public transit loyalty by the use of structural equation model. As a novel hypothesis, the emotional value was considered to have effects on the perceived value of bus services in this study, which reflected the degree of passengers’ emotional dependence on the public transit. Specifically, in order to better assess the loyalty, seven unobserved variables were measured to construct the structural model, namely, “service guarantee,” “operational services and efficiency,” “emotional value,” “perceived value,” “expectation,” “satisfaction,” and “loyalty.” The goodness-of-fit of the model was estimated and evaluated by using the survey data harvested from Xiamen, China. Besides, the index score of variables was also computed to help determine targeted approaches to better improve the level of bus service. The results indicated that the time cost and the monetary cost actually had no effects on the perceived value of users in the case study. At the same time, however, it also proved that passengers’ emotional value towards the public transit indeed affected passengers’ perception of the service value. In addition, whether users’ perceived value was as expected determined how much passengers satisfied with the service. Regarding the index score of variables, it indicated a great dissatisfaction of passengers towards the current bus service. Unexpectedly, the score of loyalty even still retained a relatively high level, which reflected continue-to-use willingness of passengers. It implied that being subject to economic conditions and other factors, passengers were captive and had to continue relying on the public transit, in spite of their dissatisfaction. As for the improvement direction of bus services, targeted approaches should be determined to improve the quality of bus service, regarding the aspects of “condition of facilities in the bus,” “driving stability and comfort,” “vehicle speed,” and “safety.”

scholarly journals Developing cybersecurity education and awareness programmes for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bada ◽  
Jason R.C. Nurse
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Security Education ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Training ◽  
Insight Into

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to focus on organisation’s cybersecurity strategy and propose a high-level programme for cybersecurity education and awareness to be used when targeting small- and medium-sized enterprises/businesses (SMEs/SMBs) at a city-level. An essential component of an organisation’s cybersecurity strategy is building awareness and education of online threats and how to protect corporate data and services. This programme is based on existing research and provides a unique insight into an ongoing city-based project with similar aims.Design/methodology/approachTo structure this work, a scoping review was conducted of the literature in cybersecurity education and awareness, particularly for SMEs/SMBs. This theoretical analysis was complemented using a case study and reflecting on an ongoing, innovative programme that seeks to work with these businesses to significantly enhance their security posture. From these analyses, best practices and important lessons/recommendations to produce a high-level programme for cybersecurity education and awareness were recommended.FindingsWhile the literature can be informative at guiding education and awareness programmes, it may not always reach real-world programmes. However, existing programmes, such as the one explored in this study, have great potential, but there can be room for improvement. Knowledge from each of these areas can, and should, be combined to the benefit of the academic and practitioner communities.Originality/valueThe study contributes to current research through the outline of a high-level programme for cybersecurity education and awareness targeting SMEs/SMBs. Through this research, literature in this space was examined and insights into the advances and challenges faced by an on-going programme were presented. These analyses allow us to craft a proposal for a core programme that can assist in improving the security education, awareness and training that targets SMEs/SMBs.

Adapting Procurement Models for Electric Buses in Latin America

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (10) ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
Jone Orbea ◽  
Sebastian Castellanos ◽  
Cristina Albuquerque ◽  
Ryan Sclar ◽  
Berta Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Bus Services ◽  
Fleet Deployment

Bus services are a fundamental component of transportation networks in Latin America, but buses often account for a disproportionately large number of environmental externalities. Electric buses (e-buses) are emerging as an effective and pragmatic option for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and local pollutants. However, e-buses are difficult to procure in Latin America because of existing procurement challenges in the region, especially as those challenges relate to forming contracts to deal with high upfront costs and unknown risks. To overcome these procurement issues, this paper presents a new contractual model, based on literature and case study research. This new model suggests the separation of bus service responsibilities into three separate actors: multiple bus procurement companies, one or multiple bus depots and charging infrastructure companies, and multiple bus operating companies. By separating bus service responsibilities, the proposed model would bring about three concrete improvements: lower costs to the transit system, better quality of service, and lower-emission fleet deployment.

scholarly journals AN EVALUATION OF URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT ROUTE. CASE STUDY: HOP-ON HOP-OFF, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izzati Khairimah Ismail ◽  
Oliver Ling Hoon Leh ◽  
Zulkifli Ahmad Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Gis Application ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Bus Services ◽  
Waiting Periods

Urban public transportation system is a means of providing mobility to locals, visitors as well as tourists. KL Hop-On Hop-Off buses, for instance, are designed specifically for local and foreign tourists to move within the Kuala Lumpur (KL) city centre areas for the purpose of tourism. However, there is only one route provided by the KL Hop-On Hop-Off, with more than 20 stops. The duration for a complete route tour without any stop is too long; that is around 2-2 ½ hours. Coupled with the problem of traffic congestion in KL, passengers face the problems of punctuality and long waiting periods. Thus, this study was carried out to evaluate the existing route of the KL Hop-On Hop-Off bus services. GIS application and questionnaire survey were used to evaluate the route. As a result, this study proposes three new routes as the alternatives to the existing single route Hop-On Hop-Off bus service. With the new routes, duration of a single full route tour can be reduced based on the interest of tourist. Tourists will be able to concentrate on just one part of KL city centre for their one-day tour based on their interest either heritage, shopping or nature.

scholarly journals Human-Smart Environment Interactions in Smart Cities: Exploring Dimensionalities of Smartness

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
H. McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Future Internet ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Correlational Design ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
The One ◽  
Depth Interviews

In the context of the challenges facing human computer interaction (HCI) on the one hand and the future Internet on the other, the purpose of this study is to explore the multi-dimensionality of smart cities, looking at relationships and interdependencies through correlating selected dimensions of smartness. Key dimensions of smartness are identified for exploration in the context of smart cities in this work through a review of the research literature. Methodologically, this work combines an exploratory case study approach consisting of multiple methods of data collection including survey and in-depth interviews, with an explanatory correlational design. In terms of results, the main findings of this work shed light on the relationships between selected dimensions of the multi-dimensionality construct of smartness in data-rich urban environments. This work is significant in that it provides correlational information for smart city dimensionalities while contributing to the research literature in this domain; uses a hybrid case study and correlational design in relation to the study of multi-dimensionality; and, opens spaces for the study of innovative urban initiatives, while taking the ideas and experiences of people from many sectors into consideration.

scholarly journals Impact of fear of crimes on public transport usage: A case study of Delhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
Rabindra Nath Dubey ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Weak Negative Correlation ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Bus Services ◽  
The City ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC and Delhi Metro-Rail System (DMRS) are two important public transport systems in Delhi. The DMRS has been attractive in respect to ridership but in 2015 it has shown a decrease in its ridership. It has also been found that ridership of the bus service, the most important public transport system for the poor in Delhi, has decreased over time whereas the numbers of private vehicles have recorded phenomenal increase resulting in traffic congestions and pollution problems in the city. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of the fear of crimes along with other reasons for decreasing trends in the usage of public transport in Delhi. The study is based on people opinion and perception for which 350 persons were interviewed with the structured questionnaire from ten transit places having varied socio-economic conditions. Fear of crimes within buses/coaches is considered an important reason for not using public transport in western countries but as per this study, the same is not true in the case of Delhi. Role of fear of crimes along with other factors was verified with the spearman’s correlation coefficient. The weak negative correlation has been found between the preference to public bus services and the fear of crimes; the crowing; the unavailability. It indicates that along with these other factors are equally responsible for the choice of public transports in Delhi.

scholarly journals Transport Network Analysis: A Case Study on Upper Assam District of Assam

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
The Government ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Bus Services

This paper is totally based on a critical review of Transport Network Analysis in a Upper Assam district of State of Assam in India. It’s a comparative study between ASTC Bus Services and Traveller Services from Jorhat District (Centre) to Tinsukia, Dibrugarh, Sibsagarh, Golaghat, Lakhimpur and Dhemaji District. There have only 11 ASTC Bus Services and More than (on Average) 15 Traveler Service in every district. The ASTC Bus Services were fixed for riding every day but Traveller Services are not fixed. It is flexible on time and demand by the passengers situations. From these it is clear that the government (ASTC) bus service are very less than the traveler services in this Upper Assam. There have many factors for the shortage of Govt. service and increase of Traveller Services. For this there have face many problems by passenger like travel fare, capacity of arrangement of seats, lack of comfortness of travelling etc.

scholarly journals Innovating Metrics for Smarter, Responsive Cities

Data ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
H. Patricia McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Small Data ◽  
Work Support ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Urban Metrics ◽  
The One ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

This paper explores the emerging and evolving landscape for metrics in smart cities in relation to big data challenges. Based on a review of the research literature, the problem of “synthetic quantitative indicators” along with concerns for “measuring urban realities” and “making metrics meaningful” are identified. In response, the purpose of this paper is to advance the need for innovating metrics for smarter, more interactive and responsive cities in addressing and mitigating algorithmic-related challenges on the one hand, and concerns associated with involving people more meaningfully on the other hand. As such, the constructs of awareness, learning, openness, and engagement are employed in this study. Using an exploratory case study approach, the research design for this work includes the use of multiple methods of data collection including survey and interviews. Employing a combination of content analysis for qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative data, the main findings of this work support the need for rethinking and innovating metrics. As such, the main conclusion of this paper highlights the potential for developing new pathways and spaces for involving people more directly, knowingly, and meaningfully in addressing big and small data challenges for the innovating of urban metrics.

scholarly journals AN EVALUATION OF URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT ROUTE. CASE STUDY: HOP-ON HOP-OFF, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izzati Khairimah Ismail ◽  
Oliver Ling Hoon Leh ◽  
Zulkifli Ahmad Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Gis Application ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Bus Services ◽  
Waiting Periods

Urban public transportation system is a means of providing mobility to locals, visitors as well as tourists. KL Hop-On Hop-Off buses, for instance, are designed specifically for local and foreign tourists to move within the Kuala Lumpur (KL) city centre areas for the purpose of tourism. However, there is only one route provided by the KL Hop-On Hop-Off, with more than 20 stops. The duration for a complete route tour without any stop is too long; that is around 2-2 ½ hours. Coupled with the problem of traffic congestion in KL, passengers face the problems of punctuality and long waiting periods. Thus, this study was carried out to evaluate the existing route of the KL Hop-On Hop-Off bus services. GIS application and questionnaire survey were used to evaluate the route. As a result, this study proposes three new routes as the alternatives to the existing single route Hop-On Hop-Off bus service. With the new routes, duration of a single full route tour can be reduced based on the interest of tourist. Tourists will be able to concentrate on just one part of KL city centre for their one-day tour based on their interest either heritage, shopping or nature.

scholarly journals A case study on quality of services for bus performance in Putrajaya, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.9) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Shuhairy Norhisham ◽  
Amiruddin Ismail ◽  
Muhamad Nazri Borhan ◽  
Herda Yati Katman ◽  
Nor Hazwani Nor Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Bus Transit ◽  
Transit Capacity ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Bus Services ◽  
Passenger Load Factor

In accessing quality bus service in Putrajaya, 6 attributes were chosen as suggested by experts and summary review of four guidelines in bus transit manual from New Zealand, United Kingdom, United State and Australia. Six (6) attributes was identified, namely Services Hours, Load Factor for passenger, Comparison Car and Bus Travel , Frequency of Bus, on-time Performance and Coverage Services Area was conducted to check the quality of services for bus in Putrajaya. As a finding hours of services, passenger load factor and transit auto-motive comparison travel time was good with A and B rating of quality of services. Meanwhile, service coverage area and on time perfor-mance was factor needed to improve immediately. Overall it was found that the bus services in Putrajaya, according to the accessing method by Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual (TCQSM), was considered as moderate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document